Marius Fiil

Marius Fiil

Marius Fiil
Born Marius Anton Pedersen Fiil[1]
(1893-05-21)21 May 1893[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Hvidsten Inn[1][3][4]
Died 29 June 1944(1944-06-29) (aged 51)[3][4][5][7][8]
Ryvangen[3][4]
Cause of death Execution by firing squad,[3][7] gunshot wounds to the chest[4]
Resting place Bispebjerg Cemetery[3][4]
Occupation Inn keeper,[3][4] Agriculture[2]
Known for Executed as member of the Danish resistance movement[3][4][7]
Religion Church of Denmark[1]
Spouse(s) Gudrun Fiil[4] (married 1917-1944)[2]
Children
Parent(s)
Website "Modstandsdatabasen" [Resistance Database]. Marius Fiil (in Danish). Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet. Retrieved 2014-11-20. 

Marius Fiil (21 May 1893 – 29 June 1944) was the inn keeper at Hvidsten Inn and a member of the Danish resistance executed by the German occupying power.

Biography

Fiil was born in Hvidsten Inn on 21 May 1893 as son of its owner Niels Pedersen (Fiil) and 35-year-old wife Nicoline Mathilde Pedersen and baptized Marius Anton Pedersen Fiil in Gassum church on Trinity Sunday the same year.[2][1][2]

In 1917 he married Gudrun Margrethe Kjul Christensen Søvang, in 1918 and 1920 when they had their two first children Kirstine and Niels[2] he was a house proprietor and bicycle dealer.[9][3]

In 1930 he lived in Hvidsten Inn with his 72-year-old father as inn keeper, his wife, their son and four daughters and a farm hand, a maid and a manager.[2]

In the autumn of 1932 his oldest daughter was confirmed, at that time he and his wife had taken over the inn, and he additionally worked as a rural postman.[10]

During the occupation Fill and his family became the center of a resistance group, the Hvidsten group.[3][6]

The group helped the British Special Operations Executive parachute weapons and supplies into Denmark for distribution to the resistance.[6]

In March 1944 the Gestapo made an "incredible number of arrests" including in the region of Randers the "nationally known folklore collector and keeper of Hvidsten inn Marius Fiil", his son Niels, his 17-year-old daughter Gerda, his daughter Kirstine and her husband brewery worker Peter Sørensen.[11]

The following month De frie Danske reported on Fiil again, that he along with other arrestees from Hvidsten had been transferred from Randers to Vestre Fængsel.[12]

On 29 June 1944 Fiil, his son Niels, his son-in-law and five other members of the Hvidsten group were executed in Ryvangen.[3][4][5][7][13][14]

After his death

On 15 July 1944 De frie Danske reported on the execution of Fiil, his son and son in law, the life sentence of his older daughter and the two-year sentence of his younger daughter and compared Fiil to Svend Gønge and Niels Ebbesen while lamenting the profound loss of Fiil's widow.[15] Six months later the January 1945 issue of the resistance newspaper Frit Danmark (Free Denmark) reported that on 29 June the previous year Fiil and seven other named members of the Hvidsten group had been executed.[8]

On 2 July 1945 the remains and Fiil and his son were found in Ryvangen and transferred to the Department of Forensic Medicine of the university of Copenhagen.[3][13] The remains of the six other executed members of the group were found in the same area three days later.[3][13]

On 5 July an inquest in the Department of Forensic Medicine of the university of Copenhagen showed that Fiil was executed with gunshot wounds to the chest.[4]

On 10 July he was together with the seven other executed group members cremated at Bispebjerg Cemetery.[3][4][13][14]

In 1945 a memorial stone over the eight executed members of the Hvidsten group was raised near Hvidsten Inn.[7]

Memorial stone for the Hvidsten group in Hvidsten

Similarly a larger memorial stone for resistance members including the eight executed members of the Hvidsten group has been laid down in Ryvangen Memorial Park.[5]

Memorial stone in Ryvangen for resistance members including the Hvidsten group

Portrayal in the media

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Fødte Mandkøn" [Born Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1892-1900 (in Danish). Gassum. 1893. p. 3.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Folketælling [Census] (in Danish). Gassum. 5 November 1930. Hvidsten.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Døde Mandkøn" [Deceased Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1930-1946 (in Danish). Sankt Johannes Sogn. 1945. p. 352. Død 29 Juni 1944 Ryvangen Fundet 2 Juli 1945. Skudt. Begravet 10 Juli 1945 Bispebjerg Krematorium. Kroejer, 51 Aar
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Døde Mandkøn" [Deceased Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1942-1949 (in Danish). Bispebjerg Sogn. 1945. p. 63. Ligsyn Retsmedicinsk Institut. Dødsaarsag: Skudsaar i Brystet Dødsmaaden: Henrettet ved Skydning
  5. 1 2 3 4 MARIUS ANTON PEDERSEN FIIL (Inscribed Stone Monument) (in Danish). Ryvangen Memorial Park. 21.5.1893 * + 29.6.1944 +
  6. 1 2 3 "Modstandsdatabasen" [Resistance Database]. Marius Fiil (in Danish). Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet. Retrieved 2014-11-20.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 MARIUS FIIL (Inscribed Stone Monument) (in Danish). Hvidsten Inn. 1944 DEN 29. JUNI FALDT DE FOR DE TYSKE KUGLER DYREBART ER DERES MINDE FOR DANMARK REJST AARET 1945 line feed character in |quote= at position 18 (help)
  8. 1 2 "29. Juni - 8 Frihedskæmpere henrettet" [29 June - 8 freedom fighters executed]. Frit Danmark (in Danish). January 1945. p. 9. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  9. ↑ "Fødte Kvindekøn" [Born Females]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1909-1920 (in Danish). Gassum. 1918. p. 70.
  10. ↑ "Konfirmerede Piger" [Confirmed Girls]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1920-1934 (in Danish). Gassum. 1932. p. 155.
  11. ↑ "Utrolig mange Arrestationer" [Incredibly many arrests]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 18 March 1944. p. 10. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
  12. ↑ "ARRESTEREDE" [ARRESTED]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 23 April 1944. p. 10. Retrieved 24 November 2014. Kroejer Marius Fiil med flere fra Hvidsten er blevet overført fra Randers til Vestre
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Døde Mandkøn" [Deceased Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1930-1946 (in Danish). Sankt Johannes Sogn. 1945. p. 354.
  14. 1 2 "Døde Mandkøn" [Deceased Males]. Kirkebog [Parish Register]. 1942-1949 (in Danish). Bispebjerg Sogn. 1945. p. 64. Ligsyn Retsmedicinsk Institut. Dødsaarsag: Skudsaar i Brystet Dødsmaaden: Henrettet ved Skydning
  15. ↑ "EN FOLKELIG SKIKKELSE, ET HISTORISK EKSEMPEL PAA JYLLANDS SEJGHED UNDER FREMMEDHEREDØMMET" [A POPULAR FIGURE, A HISTORICAL EXAMPLE OF JUTLAND'S TOUGHNESS UNDER FOREIGN RULE]. De frie Danske (in Danish). 15 July 1944. p. 7. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
  16. ↑ "This life / Hvidsten Gruppen - nogle må dø for at andre kan leve". dfi.dk. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
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