World's largest cities

Determining the world's largest cities depends on which definitions of city are used. The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities may be classified using the same criteria.[1] Cities may be defined by the extent of their urban area, the metropolitan region, and the city proper.[1]

Common methods for defining the boundaries of a city

Urban areas

A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area, without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area. UNICEF[1] defines urban area as follows:

The definition of "urban" varies from country to country, and, with periodic reclassification, can also vary within one country over time, making direct comparisons difficult. An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following: administrative criteria or political boundaries (e.g., area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee), a threshold population size (where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2,000 people, although this varies globally between 200 and 50,000), population density, economic function (e.g., where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture, or where there is surplus employment) or the presence of urban characteristics (e.g., paved streets, electric lighting, sewerage).

Metropolitan area

A city can be defined by the habits of its demographic population, as by metropolitan area, labour market area, or similar in a metropolitan area. UNICEF[1] defines metropolitan area as follows:

A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas, typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people (i.e., a population of at least 100,000). In addition to the city proper, a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower-density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city (e.g., through frequent transport, road linkages or commuting facilities).

City proper (administrative)

A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries (city proper). World Urbanization Prospects, a UN publication, defines population of a city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority." UNICEF[1] defines city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city, e.g., Washington, D.C.". A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government.[2][3][4] Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs.[5]

The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives.[5] Because of this definition, the city proper population figure may differ greatly with the urban area population figure, as many cities are amalgamations of smaller cities (Australia), and conversely, many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the traditional "city proper" into suburban and rural areas.[6]

List

City Nation Image Population
City proper Urban area[7] Metropolitan area
Shanghai  China 24,256,800[8] 23,416,000[lower-alpha 1] 34,750,000[9]
Karachi  Pakistan 24,500,000[10] 25,400,000[11] 25,400,000
Beijing  China 21,516,000[12] 21,009,000 21,148,000[13]
São Paulo  Brazil 11,895,893[14] 20,365,000 36,842,102[15]
Dhaka  Bangladesh 16,970,105[16] 15,669,000 18,305,671[17]
Delhi  India 16,787,941[18] 24,998,000 21,753,486[19]
Lagos  Nigeria 16,060,303[note 1] 13,123,000 21,000,000[22]
Istanbul  Turkey 14,025,000[23] 13,520,000 14,657,000[23]
Tokyo  Japan 13,513,734[24] 37,843,000 36,923,000[25]
Mumbai  India 12,478,447[19] 17,712,000 20,748,395[19]
Moscow  Russia 12,197,596[26] 16,170,000 16,800,000
Guangzhou  China 13,080,500[27] 44,259,000[28] 20,800,654[29]
Shenzhen  China 10,778,900[30] 12,084,000 10,630,000
Suzhou  China 10,650,501[31]
Kinshasa  Democratic Republic of the Congo 10,130,000[32] 13,265,000
Cairo  Egypt 10,230,350[33] 18,290,000 22,439,541
Jakarta  Indonesia 10,075,310[34] 30,539,000 30,075,310[35]
Lahore  Pakistan 10,052,000 10,355,000
Seoul  Korea, South 9,995,784[36] 12,700,000 25,520,000[37]
Mexico City  Mexico 8,974,724[38] 20,063,000 21,178,959[39]
Lima  Peru 8,852,000[40] 10,750,000 9,886,647[41]
London  United Kingdom 8,673,713[42] 13,879,757 9,787,426[43]
New York City  United States 8,550,405[44] 20,182,305 23,723,696[45]
Bangalore  India 8,425,970[19] 9,807,000 8,728,906[19]
Bangkok  Thailand 8,280,925[46] 14,998,000 8,305,218[47]
Dongguan  China 8,220,207[48]
Chongqing  China 8,189,800[lower-alpha 2] 18,384,100[50]
Nanjing  China 8,187,828[51]
Tehran  Iran 8,154,051[52] 13,532,000 14,595,904[53]
Shenyang  China 8,106,171[54]
Bogotá  Colombia 7,878,783 [55] 9,800,000[56][57] 9,520,000 [7]
Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam 7,681,700[58]
Hong Kong  Hong Kong 7,298,600[59] 7,331,699[60]
Baghdad  Iraq 7,180,889[61]
Chennai  India 7,088,000[62] 9,373,521[19]
Changsha  China 7,044,118
Wuhan  China 6,886,253[63]
Tianjin  China 6,859,779[64] 10,920,000
Hyderabad  India 6,809,970[19] 7,749,334[19]
Hanoi  Vietnam 6,844,100[58]
Faisalabad  Pakistan 6,480,765[65] 3,675,000
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil 6,429,923[66] 12,727,000 13,973,505[14]
Foshan  China 6,151,622[67][68]
Zunyi  China 6,127,009
Santiago  Chile 5,743,719[69] 6,683,852[70]
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 5,676,621[71]
Ahmedabad  India 5,570,585[19] 6,352,254[19]
Singapore  Singapore 5,535,000[72]
Shantou  China 5,391,028[73]
Ankara  Turkey 5,271,000[23] 4,585,000[23] 4,919,000[23]
Yangon  Myanmar 5,214,000[74]
Saint Petersburg  Russia 5,191,690[75] 5,900,000 6,200,000
Sydney  Australia 4,920,970[76]
Abidjan  Ivory Coast 4,765,000[77]
Chengdu  China 4,741,929[78] 10,376,000
Alexandria  Egypt 4,616,625[79]
Melbourne  Australia 4,529,500[76]
Kolkata  India 4,486,679[19] 14,667,000 14,617,882[19]
Xi'an  China 4,467,837[80]
Surat  India 4,462,002[19]
Johannesburg  South Africa 4,434,827[81]
Dar es Salaam  Tanzania 4,364,541[82]
Harbin  China 4,280,701[83][84]
Giza  Egypt 4,239,988[85]
İzmir  Turkey 4,168,000[23] 3,019,000[23] 3,575,000[23]
Zhengzhou  China 4,122,087[86]
New Taipei City  Taiwan 3,954,929[87]
Los Angeles  United States 3,884,307[88] 15,058,000 13,262,220[45]
Cape Town  South Africa 3,740,026[81]
Yokohama  Japan 3,726,167[24]
Hangzhou  China 3,560,391[89]
Xiamen  China 3,531,347[90]
Quanzhou  China 3,520,846[91]
Berlin  Germany 3,517,424[92] 5,871,022
Busan  Korea, South 3,510,833[37]
Rawalpindi  Pakistan 3,510,000
Guayaquil  Ecuador 3,500,000 5,000,000
Jeddah  Saudi Arabia 3,456,259[93]
Durban  South Africa 3,442,361[81]
Hyderabad  Pakistan 3,429,471[94]
Kabul  Afghanistan 3,414,100[95]
Casablanca  Morocco 3,359,818[96]
Hefei  China 3,352,076[97]
Pyongyang  Korea, North 3,255,388[98]
Madrid  Spain 3,207,247[99] 6,378,297[43]
Peshawar  Pakistan 3,201,000
Ekurhuleni  South Africa 3,178,470[81]
Nairobi  Kenya 3,138,369[100]
Zhongshan  China 3,121,275[101]
Multan  Pakistan 3,117,000[102]
Pune  India 3,115,431[19]
Addis Ababa  Ethiopia 3,103,673[103] 4,567,857 3,384,569
Jaipur  India 3,073,350[19]
Buenos Aires  Argentina 3,054,300[104] 14,122,000 13,074,000[105]
Lucknow  India 3,001,475[19] 6,500,000[19]
Wenzhou  China 3,039,439[106]
Incheon  Korea, South 2,978,367[107]
Quezon City  Philippines 2,936,116[108][lower-alpha 3]
Kiev  Ukraine 2,908,703 [109] 3,375,000[110]
Salvador  Brazil 2,902,927[111] 3,919,864[112]
Rome  Italy 2,869,461[113] 4,321,244[lower-alpha 4][114]
Luanda  Angola 2,825,311 6,542,944[115]
Kaohsiung  Taiwan 2,778,918[116] 2,540,000
Surabaya  Indonesia 2,765,487[117] 7,302,283
Taichung  Taiwan 2,752,413[118] 2,520,000[119]
Taipei  Taiwan 2,704,974 7,045,488[120]
Gujranwala  Pakistan 2,700,003[121]
Chicago  United States 2,695,598[122] 9,156,000 9,554,598[45]
Osaka  Japan 2,691,742[24] 19,341,976[25] 17,444,000
Quito  Ecuador 2,671,191 4,700,000
Dubai  United Arab Emirates 2,643,410
Toronto  Canada 2,615,060 5,583,064 5,132,794
Chittagong  Bangladesh 2,581,643[123] 4,009,423
Bandung  Indonesia 2,575,478 6,965,655
Brasília  Brazil 2,556,149[124] 3,919,864[125]
Daegu  Korea, South 2,492,994[126]
Houston  United States 2,489,558[127] 6,490,180 4,944,332
Nagpur  India 2,405,665 2,497,870
Brisbane  Australia 2,308,700
Nagoya  Japan 2,296,014[24] 9,107,414[25] 10,177,000
Phnom Penh  Cambodia 2,234,566
Kochi  India 2,232,456 4,221,140
Paris  France 2,229,621 10,601,122
Medan  Indonesia 2,097,610 4,103,696
Perth  Australia 2,039,200
Minsk  Belarus 1,959,781[128]
Sapporo  Japan 1,918,096[24] 2,584,880
Bucharest  Romania 1,883,425 2,272,163[129] 1,931,000[130]
Manila  Philippines 1,780,148[108] 12,877,253[108] 24,123,000
Hamburg  Germany 1,774,242[131] 5,046,182
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 1,768,000[132] 7,200,000[133]
Montreal  Canada 1,649,519 4,127,100 3,407,963
Davao City  Philippines 1,632,991[134] 2,516,216[lower-alpha 5]
Barcelona  Spain 1,604,555[135] 5,375,774 4,740,000[136]
Caloocan  Philippines 1,583,978[108][lower-alpha 6]
Philadelphia  United States 1,567,442[137] 6,051,170[138] 7,146,706[139]
Phoenix  United States 1,563,025[140] 4,574,531 3,629,114
Kobe  Japan 1,536,499[24][lower-alpha 7]
Guadalajara  Mexico 1,495,189 4,424,252
Auckland  New Zealand 1,495,000[141] 1,614,300[142]
Fukuoka  Japan 1,483,052[24] 5,590,378
Kyoto  Japan 1,474,570[24][lower-alpha 8]
Munich  Germany 1,450,381[143] 2,606,021
Kawasaki  Japan 1,437,266[24]
Milan  Italy 1,359,905[144] 3,206,465[lower-alpha 9]
Prague  Czech Republic 1,324,000[145]
Adelaide  Australia 1,316,779
T'Bilisi  Georgia 1,118,035[146] 1,485,293
Fez  Morocco 1,112,072[147]
Calgary  Canada 1,096,833[148] 1,214,839 1,095,404
Yerevan  Armenia 1,060,138[149]
Cologne  Germany 1,057,327[150] 3,573,500
  1. ↑ Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Changzhou, Shaoxing, and urban area of Zhangjiaggang-Jiangyin within the prefecture-level cities of Suzhou and Wuxi are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Huai'an (1,856,000; 148 km2), Xuzhou (1,246,000; 233 km2), Nantong (1,036,000; 233 km2), Lianyungang (985,000; 155 km2), Zhenjiang (983,000; 168 km2), Yancheng (797,000; 207 km2), Huzhou (690,000; 111 km2), Taizhou (in Jiangsu Province; 300,000; 117 km2) and Suqian (220,000; 36 km2), as well as urban areas of Yangzhou (1,593,000; 233 km2) and Gaoyou (180,000; 39 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Yangzhou, urban areas of Kunshan (1,596,000; 492 km2), Changshu (1,139,000; 285 km2) and Taicang (523,000; 117 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Suzhou, urban areas of Cixi (1,200,000; 298 km2) and Yuyao (650,000; 122 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Ningbo, urban areas of Jiaxing (1,044,000; 259 km2) and Tongxiang (510,000; 52 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, urban areas of Wenling (510,000; 52 km2), Jiaojiang (375,000; 41 km2) and Huangyan (200,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Taizhou (in Zhejiang Province), urban areas of Zhuji (500,000; 117 km2) and Shangyu (400,000; 158 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, urban areas of Yiwu-Dongyang (925,000; 233 km2), Jinhua (520,000; 186 km2), Yongkang (500,000; 223 km2), Dongyang (260,000; 104 km2) and Lanxi (220,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jinhua, and urban area of Fuyang (450,000; 49 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Hangzhou are also excluded.
  2. ↑ Sum of the 2014 population estimates for the "urban-function core district" and "urban-function extended district" of Chongqing, which were 3,677,600 and 4,512,200 respectively.[49] See also the next note.
  3. ↑ Quezon City and Caloocan City are both under the administration of Metropolitan Manila
  4. ↑ Rome and its neighbouring comunes are all under the administration of Metropolitan City of Rome Capital.
  5. ↑ Davao City and its neighbouring cities and towns are all under part of Metropolitan Davao.
  6. ↑ Quezon City and Caloocan City are both under the administration of Metropolitan Manila
  7. ↑ Kyoto and Kobe are both part of the Keihanshin, centered on Osaka.
  8. ↑ Kyoto and Kobe are both part of the Keihanshin, centered on Osaka.
  9. ↑ Milan and its neighbouring comunes are all under the administration of Metropolitan City of Milan.

Databases of cities

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Lagos consists 16 out of Lagos State's 20 LGA, which excludes: Badagry, Epe, Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu.[20][21]

References

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  3. ↑ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". Millenniumindicators.un.org. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
  4. ↑ Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57. United Nations. 2008. p. 241. ISBN 92-1-051099-2.
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