List of women's rights activists
This article is a list of notable women's rights activists, arranged alphabetically by modern country names and by the names of the persons listed.
Albania
Argentina
Australia
- Thelma Bate (1904–1984) – community leader, advocate for inclusion of Aboriginals in Country Women's Association
- Sandra Bloodworth – labour historian, socialist activist, co-founder of Trotskyist Socialist Alternative, editor of Marxist Left Review
- Eva Cox (born 1938) – sociologist and feminist active in politics and social services, member of Women's Electoral Lobby, social commentator on women in power and at work, and social justice
- Zelda D'Aprano (born 1928) – trade unionist, feminist, in 1969 chained herself to doors of Commonwealth Building over equal pay.
- Louisa Margaret Dunkley (1866–1927) – telegraphist and labour organizer
- Elizabeth Evatt (born 1933) – legal reformist, jurist, critic of Australia's Sex Discrimination Act, first Australian in United Nations Commission on Human Rights
- Miles Franklin (1879–1954) – writer and feminist
- Vida Goldstein (1869–1949) – early Australian feminist campaigning for women's suffrage and social reform, first woman in British Empire to stand for national election
- Germaine Greer (born 1939) – author of The Female Eunuch, academic and social commentator
- Bella Guerin (1858–1923) – first woman to graduate from an Australian university, Guerin was a socialist feminist prominent (although with periods of public dispute) within the Australian Labor Party.
- Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)) – feminist, suffragist, author, founder of The Dawn, and pro-republican federalist
- Eileen Powell (1913–1997) – trade unionist, women's activist and contributor to the Equal Pay for Equal Work decision
- Millicent Preston-Stanley (1883–1955) – first female member of New South Wales Legislative Assembly, campaigner for custodial rights of mothers in divorce and for women's health care
- Elizabeth Anne Reid (born 1942) – world's first women's affairs adviser to head of government (Gough Whitlam), active in UN and on HIV
- Bessie Rischbieth (1874–1967)) – earliest female appointee to any court (honorary, Perth Children's Court, 1915), active against Australian government practice of taking Aboriginal children from their mothers (Stolen Generation
- Jessie Street (1889–1970) – Australian suffragette, feminist and human rights campaigner influential in labour rights and early days of UN
- Anne Summers (born 1945)- women's rights activist in politics and media, women's advisor to Labor premier Paul Keating, editor of Ms. magazine (NY)
- Rosie Batty (born 1962) – 2015 Australian of the Year and family violence campaigner
- Fiona Patten (born 1964) – leader of Australian Sex Party, lobbyist for personal freedoms and progressive lifestyles
- Michelle Payne (born 1985) – first female winner of Melbourne Cup and an advocate of increased presence of women in sport
- Margot Fink (born 1994) – Prominent LGBTIQ activist and nominee for Young Australian of the Year (2016)
Austria
- Marianne Hainisch (1839–1936) – activist, exponent of women’s right to work and education
- Auguste Fickert (1855 - 1910), feminist and social reformer.
Belgium
- Marguerite Coppin (1867–1931) – female Poet Laureate of Belgium and advocate of women's rights
- Frédérique Petrides (1903–1983) – Belgian-American pioneer female orchestral conductor, activist and editor of Women in Music
Botswana
- Unity Dow (born 1959) – judge and writer, plaintiff in case allowing children of mixed parentage to be deemed nationals
Bulgaria
- Dimitrana Ivanova (1881–1960), educational reformer and suffragist
- Ekaterina Karavelova
- Lyuben Karavelov
- Anna Karima
- Eugenia Kisimova
- Kina Konova
- Julia Malinova
Brazil
- Clara Ant
- Albertina de Oliveira Costa
- Jaqueline Jesus
- Julia Malinova
- Lily Marinho
- Míriam Martinho
- Lucia Nader
- Matilde Ribeiro
- Alzira Rufino
- Heleieth Saffioti
- Miêtta Santiago
- Viviane Senna
- Yara Yavelberg
Canada
- Nellie McClung (1873–1951) – feminist and suffragist, part of The Famous Five (Canada)
- Jamie McIntosh (21st century) – lawyer and women's rights activist
- Emily Howard Stowe (1831–1903) – physician, advocate of women's inclusion in medical profession, founder of Canadian Women's Suffrage Association
- Edith Archibald (1854–1936) – suffragist, writer, promoter of Maritime Women's Christian Temperance Union, National Council of Women of Canada and Local Council of Women of Halifax
- Anna Leonowens (1831–1915) – travel writer, educator, social activist
- Eliza Ritchie (1856–1933) – prominent suffragist, executive member of Local Council of Women of Halifax
- Laura Borden (1861–1940) – president of the Local Council of Women of Halifax
- Marie Lacoste-Gérin-Lajoie (1867–1945) – suffragette, self-taught jurist
- Idola Saint-Jean (1880–1945) – suffragette, journalist
- Thérèse Casgrain (1896 – 1981) – suffragette, reformer, feminist, politician and senator, mainly active in Quebec
- Léa Roback (1903–2000) – feminist and workers' union activist tied with communist party
- Françoise David (born 1948) – politician, feminist activist
Cape Verde
Chile
Chinese
Croatia
Denmark
- Annestine Beyer (1795–1884) – pioneer of women's education
- Widad Akrawi (born 1969) – writer and doctor, advocate for gender equality, women's empowerment and participation in peace-building and post-conflict governance
- Astrid Stampe Feddersen (1852–1930) – chaired first Scandinavian meeting on women's rights
- Caroline Testman (1839–1919) – feminist, co-founder of Dansk Kvindesamfund
- Natalie Zahle (1827–1913) – pioneer of women's education
Egypt
- Qasim Amin (1863–1908) – jurist, early advocate of women’s rights in society
- Nawal el-Saadawi (born 1931) – writer and doctor, advocate of women’s health and equality
- Hoda Shaarawi (1879–1947) – feminist organizer of Mubarrat Muhammad Ali (women’s social service organization), Union of Educated Egyptian Women, and Wafdist Women’s Central Committee, founder president of Egyptian Feminist Union
- Engy Ghozlan (born 1985) – coordinator of campaigns against sexual harassment
- Soraya Bahgat (born 1983) – Egyptian-Finnish women's rights advocate, social entrepreneur and founder of Tahrir Bodyguard
Estonia
- Elisabeth Howen (1834-1923), women's educational pioneer
Finland
- Hanna Andersin
- Soraya Bahgat (born 1983) – see Egypt.
- Alexandra Gripenberg
- Adelaïde Ehrnrooth
- Elisabeth Blomqvist
- Rosina Heikel
- Alma Hjelt
- Lucina Hagman
France
- Olympe de Gouges (1748–1793) – playwright and political activist who wrote Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen, 1791
- Anne-Josèphe Théroigne de Méricourt (1762–1817) – politician
- Charles Fourier (1772–1837) – philosopher
- Hubertine Auclert (1848–1914) – feminist activist, suffragette
- Louise Weiss (1893–1983) – journalist, writer, politician
- Jane Vialle (1906-1953) – journalist, politician
- Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986) – philosopher, writer
- Françoise Giroud (1916–2003) – journalist, writer, politician
Germany
- Ruth Bré (c. 1862/67–1911), writer, advocate of matrilineality and women's rights, founder of Bund für Mutterschutz (League for Maternity Leave)[1]
- Alice Schwarzer (born 1942) – journalist and publisher of the magazine Emma
Ghana
- Annie Jiagge (1918–1996), lawyer, judge and women's rights activist, drafted Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, co-founded Women's World Banking[2]
Greece
- Kalliroi Parren (1861–1940), founder of the Greek women's movement
Hungary
- Clotilde Apponyi (1867–1942), suffragist
- Enikő Bollobás (born 1952), academic specializing in women's studies
- Teréz Karacs (1808–1892), writer and women's rights activist
- Vilma Glücklich (1872–1927), educational reformer and women's rights activist
- Éva Takács (1780–1845), writer and feminist
- Blanka Teleki (1806–1862), feminist and advocate of female education
- Rosika Schwimmer (1877–1948), feminist and suffragist, World Peace Prize (1937)
- Pálné Veres (1815–1895), founder of Hungarian National Association for Women's Education
India
- Margaret "Gretta" Cousins (1878–1954) – Irish-Indian suffragist, established All India Women's Conference, co-founded Irish Women's Franchise League
- Madhusree Dutta (born 1959) – co-founder of Majlis, Mumbai, author, cultural activist, filmmaker and curator
- Kirthi Jayakumar (born 1987) - founder of The Red Elephant Foundation, rights activist, campaigner against violence against women.
- Shruti Kapoor – women's rights activist, economist, social entrepreneur
- Sunitha Krishnan (born 1972) – Indian social activist, co-founder of Prajwala, to assist trafficked women, girls and transgender people in finding shelter, education and employment
- Subodh Markandeya – senior advocate
- Jyotiba Phule (1827–1890) – social reformer, critic of caste system, founded school for girls, widow-remarriage initiative, home for upper-caste widows, and home for infant girls to curb female infanticide
- Manasi Pradhan (born 1962) – founder of nationwide Honour for Women National Campaign against violence to women
- Mamatha Raghuveer Achanta – women's and child rights activist, chair of Child Welfare Committee, Warangal District, active in A.P. State Commission for Protection Child Rights, founder director of Tharuni, focusing on girl-child and women empowerment
- Idrees Ul Haq (born 1988) – founder of Social Royal Voluntary Environmental Service, rights activist, campaigner against violence to women in Jammu and Kashmir[3]
Indonesia
- Raden Adjeng Kartini (1879–1904) – Javanese advocate for native Indonesian women, critic of polygamy and lack of women's education
Iran
- Parvin Ardalan (born 1967) – women's rights activist
- Mahboubeh Abbasgholizadeh (born 1958) – women's rights activist, founder of ZananTV and NGO Training Center
- Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi (1859–1921) – writer
- Sediqeh Dowlatabadi (1882–1962) – journalist and women's rights activist
- Shirin Ebadi (born 1947) – activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner for efforts for rights of women and children
- Mohtaram Eskandari (1895–1924) – woman's rights activist, founder of "Jam'iat e nesvan e vatan-khah" (Society of Patriotic Women)
- Sheema Kalbasi (born 1972) – writer and advocate for human rights and gender equality
- Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani (born 1970) – women's rights activist
- Shadi Sadr (born 1975) – women's rights activist
- Shahla Sherkat (born 1956) – journalist
- Táhirih (died 1852) – Bábí poet, theologian, and exponent of women's rights in 19th century
- Roya Toloui (born 1966) – women's rights activist
Ireland
- Margaret "Gretta" Cousins (1878–1954): see India.
- Anna Haslam (1829–1922) – early women’s movement figure, founded the Dublin Women's Suffrage Association
- Francis Hutcheson (8 August 1694 – 8 August 1746) – philosopher born to activist family of Scots Presbyterians, opponent of slavery and advocate of women's rights
Italy
Lebanon
- Lydia Canaan
- Laure Moghaizel (1929–1997) – lawyer and women's rights advocate
Libya
- Alaa Murabit (born 1989) – physician, advocate of inclusive security, peace-building and post-conflict governance
Luxembourg
Netherlands
- Ayaan Hirsi Ali (born 1969) – see Somalia.
- Wilhelmina Drucker
- Mariane van Hogendorp
- Mietje Hoitsema
- Cornélie Huygens
- Aletta Jacobs
- Charlotte Jacobs
- Jeltje Kemper
- Anette Poelman
Namibia
New Zealand
- Kate Sheppard (1847–1934) – suffragette, influential in winning voting rights for women in 1893 (first country and national election in which women have vote)
Nigeria
- Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (1900–1978) – women's rights activist
- Opeyemi Yeyetunde Fadimu-www.sophiafoundation.wordpress.com
Norway
- Aasta Hansteen
- Anniken Huitfeldt
- Mimi Sverdrup Lunden
- Amalie Øvergaard
- Clara Tschudi
- Margrethe Vullum
Pakistan
- Fatima Lodhi (born 1989) – Pakistani women's rights activist who addressed colorism
- Malala Yousafzai (born 1997) – Pakistani women's rights activist shot in assassination attempt by Taliban for advocating for girls' education, now in UK
- Zubeida Habib Rahimtoola (1917–2015) – member of All Pakistan Women's Association
Peru
Philippines
- Risa Hontiveros-Baraquel – women's right activities
- Liza Maza
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
- Luisa Capetillo (1879–1922) – labor union suffragette jailed for wearing pants in public
Romania
- Maria Baiulescu
- Calypso Botez
- Alexandrina Cantacuzino
- Maria Cuțarida-Crătunescu
- Clara Maniu
- Elena Meissner
- Sofia Nădejde
- Ella Negruzzi
- Elena Pop-Hossu-Longin
- Ilona Stetina
- Izabela Sadoveanu-Evan
Russia
- Anna Filosofova (1837–1912) – early woman's rights activist
Serbia
- Ksenija Atanasijević (1894–1981) – philosopher, suffragette, first PhD Doctor in Serbian universities
- Helen of Anjou (1236–1314) – queen, feminist, establisher of women schools
- Jefimija (1349–1405) – Serbian politician, poet, diplomat, feminist
- Draga Ljočić
- Milica of Serbia (1335–1405) – empress, feminist, poet
- Katarina Milovuk
- Milunka Savić (1888–1973) – first female combatant, soldier, feminist
- Stasa Zajovic (born 1953) – co-founder and coordinator of Women in Black
Somalia
- Ayaan Hirsi Ali (born 1969) – Somali-Dutch feminist and atheist activist, writer and politician
South Africa
- Shamima Shaikh (1960–1998) – member of the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, exponent of Islamic gender equality
Spain
Sweden
- Sophie Adlersparre (1823–1895) – publisher, women's rights activist and pioneer
- Gertrud Adelborg (1853–1942) – teacher, active in women's rights movement and women's suffrage
- Ellen Anckarsvärd (1833–1898) – women's rights activist, co-founded Föreningen för gift kvinnas äganderätt (Married Woman's Property Rights Association)
- Fredrika Bremer (1801–1865) – writer, feminist activist and pioneer
- Josefina Deland (1814–1890) – feminist, writer, teacher, founded Svenska lärarinnors pensionsförening (Society for Retired Female Teachers)
- Anna Hierta-Retzius (1841–1924) – women's rights activist and philanthropist
- Lotten von Kræmer (1828–1912) – writer, poet, philanthropist, founder of literary society Samfundet De Nio
- Agda Montelius (1850–1920) – philanthropist feminist, chairman of the Fredrika-Bremer-förbundet.
- Rosalie Roos (1823–1898) – feminist activist, writer and pioneer
- Hilda Sachs (1857–1935) – journalist, writer and feminist
- Sophie Sager, (1825 – 1902) – women's rights activist and writer
- Anna Sandström (1854–1931) – educational reformer
- Kajsa Wahlberg – Sweden's national rapporteur on human trafficking opposition activities
- Anna Whitlock (1852–1930) – school pioneer, journalist and feminist
Switzerland
- Marianne Ehrmann (1755–1795) – among first women novelists and publicists in German-speaking countries
- Margarethe Faas-Hardegger
- Marie Goegg-Pouchoulin (1826-1899), founder of the Swiss women's movement
United Kingdom
- Clementina Black (1853–1922) – writer prominent in the Women's Trade Union League and the forerunner of the Women's Industrial Council
- Helen Blackburn (1842–1903) – suffragist and campaigner for women's employment rights
- Barbara Bodichon (1827–1891) – active in the Langham Place Circle, promoter of first journal to press for women's rights, the English Woman's Journal (1858–64)
- Jessie Boucherett (1825–1905) – co-founder of Society for Promoting the Employment of Women in 1859, editor of Englishwoman's Review (1866–70), co-founder of Women's Employment Defence League in 1891
- Ida Craft (fl. 1910s) – suffragist, among main organizers of Suffrage Hikes
- June Eric-Udorie, Anti-FGM campaigner
- Millicent Fawcett (1847–1929) – suffragist and feminist, president of National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
- Mary Fildes (1789–1876) – political activist and founder of Manchester Female Reform Society
- Edith Margaret Garrud (1872–1971) – trained "Bodyguard" unit of Women's Social and Political Union in jujutsu techniques
- Diana Reader Harris (1912–1996) – educator and advocate of female ordination in the Church of England
- Matilda Hays (1820–1897) – co-founder of first journal to press for women's rights, the English Woman's Journal (1858–64)
- Anna Mary Howitt (1824–1884) – feminist prominent in the campaign that led to the Married Women's Property Act 1870
- Anne Knight (1786–1862) – feminist and social reformer
- Priscilla Bright McLaren (1815–1906) – women's rights campaigner
- John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) – philosopher, political economist, author of The Subjection of Women
- Elizabeth Montagu (1718–1800) – social reformer and Bluestocking
- Olive Morris (1952–1979) feminist, black nationalist, and squatters' rights activist
- Caroline Norton (1808–1877) – social campaigner influencing the Custody of Infants Act 1839, Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 and Married Women's Property Act 1870
- Christabel Pankhurst (1880–1958) – suffragette, co-founder and leader of Women's Social and Political Union
- Emmeline Pankhurst (1858–1928) – founder leader of suffragette movement
- Bessie Rayner Parkes (1829–1925) – editor of first journal to press for women's rights, the English Woman's Journal (1858–64)
- Dora Russell (1894–1986) – campaigner, advocate of marriage reform, birth control and female emancipation
- Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1840–1929) – author and campaigner for women's rights, mother of Marie Stopes
- Marie Stopes (1880–1958) – advocate of birth control and equality in marriage
- Alice Vickery (1844–1929) – physician, supporter of birth control as means of women's emancipation
- Catherine Winkworth (1827–1878) – translator and women's rights activist, secretary of the Clifton Association for Higher Education for Women
- Malala Yousafzai (born 1997) – see Pakistan.
- Alice Zimmern (1855–1939) – writer and suffragist
United States
- Jane Addams (1860–1935) – major social activist, president Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
- Susan B. Anthony (1820–1906) – prominent civil rights leader, played a pivotal role in the 19th-century women's rights movement to introduce women's suffrage into the United States
- Alice Stone Blackwell (1857–1950) – feminist and journalist, editor of the Woman's Journal, a major women's rights publication
- Antoinette Brown Blackwell (1825–1921) – founded American Woman Suffrage Association with Lucy Stone in 1869
- Henry Browne Blackwell (1825–1909) – businessman, abolitionist, journalist, suffrage leader and campaigner
- Amelia Bloomer (1818–1894) – advocate of women's issues, suffragist, publisher and editor of The Lily
- Helen Gurley Brown (1922–2012) – author of Sex and the Single Girl, long-time editor of Cosmopolitan, advocate of women's self-fulfillment
- Lucy Burns (1879–1966) – suffragist and women's rights activist
- Jacqueline Ceballos – feminist and founder of Veteran Feminists of America
- Carrie Chapman Catt (1859–1947) – suffragist leader, president of National American Woman Suffrage Association, founder of League of Women Voters and International Alliance of Women
- William Henry Channing (1810–1884) – minister, author
- Grace Julian Clarke (1865–1938) – suffragist, journalist, author
- Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) – abolitionist, writer, speaker
- Carol Downer (1933) – founder of women's self-help movement, feminist, author, health activist, attorney
- Elisabeth Freeman (1876–1942) – suffragist, civil rights activist, participated in Suffrage Hikes
- Betty Friedan (1921–2006) – writer, activist, feminist
- Margaret Fuller (1810–1850) – Transcendentalist, advocate of women's education, author of Woman in the Nineteenth Century
- Matilda Joslyn Gage (1826–1898) – suffragist, editor, writer, organizer
- William Lloyd Garrison (1805–1879) – abolitionist, journalist, organizer, advocate
- Ruth Bader Ginsburg (born 1933) – academic and lawyer for several women's rights cases before the United States Supreme Court
- Emma Goldman (1869–1940) – campaigner for birth control and other rights
- Judy Goldsmith (born 1938) – feminist activist, President of National Organization for Women (NOW)
- Helen M. Gougar (1843–1907) – lawyer, temperance and women's rights advocate
- Grace Greenwood (1823–1904) – first woman reporter on New York Times, advocate of social reform and women's rights
- Thomas Wentworth Higginson (1828–1911) – abolitionist, minister, author
- Isabella Beecher Hooker (1822–1907) – leader, lecturer and activist in the American Suffragist movement
- Julia Ward Howe (1818–1910) – suffragist, writer, organizer
- Jane Hunt (1812-1889) – philanthropist
- Rosalie Gardiner Jones (1883–1978) – suffragist and organizer of the Suffrage Hikes
- Mary Livermore (1820–1905) – women's rights journalist, suffragist
- Kate Kelly (1980)- feminist and human rights lawyer, founder of Ordain Women, works for Planned Parenthood.
- Abby Kelley (1811–1887) – suffragist and activist
- Inez Milholland (1886–1916) – suffragist, key participant in National Woman's Party and Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913
- Robin Morgan (born 1941) – poet, political theorist, journalist and lecturer
- Lucretia Mott (1793–1880) – abolitionist, women's rights activist, and social reformer, who helped write Declaration of Sentiments during 1848 Seneca Falls Convention
- Pauli Murray (1910–1985) – civil and women's rights activist, lawyer, and Episcopal priest[4]
- Diane Nash (born 1938) – Civil Rights Movement leader and organizer, voting rights exponent
- Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (b. 1932) – catalyst of first rape reform laws
- Maud Wood Park (1871–1955) – founder College Equal Suffrage League, first president League of Women Voters
- Alice Paul (1885–1977) – strategist for 1910s Women's Voting Rights Movement for 19th Amendment, founder of National Woman's Party, initiator of Silent Sentinels and 1913 Women's Suffrage Parade, author of Equal Rights Amendment
- Frédérique Petrides (1903–1983) – see Belgium.
- Wendell Phillips (1811–1884) – abolitionist, orator, lawyer
- Margaret Sanger (1879–1966) – writer, nurse, founder American Birth Control League, founder president of Planned Parenthood
- May Wright Sewall (1844–1920) – educator, feminist, president of National Council of Women for the United States, president of the International Council of Women
- Anna Howard Shaw (1847–1919) – president of National Women's Suffrage Association
- Eleanor Smeal (born 1939) – organizer, initiator, president of NOW, founder and president of the Feminist Majority Foundation.
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815–1902) – social activist, abolitionist, suffragist, organizer of 1848 Women's Rights Convention, co-founder of National Woman Suffrage Association and International Council of Women
- Gloria Steinem (born 1934) – writer, activist, feminist, women's rights journalist
- Doris Stevens (1892–1963) – organizer for National American Women Suffrage Association and National Woman's Party, Silent Sentinels participant, author of Jailed for Freedom
- Pauline Agassiz Shaw (1841–1917) – founder president of Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government
- Lucy Stone (1818–1893) – orator, organizer of first National Women's Rights Convention, founder of Woman's Journal, and first recorded American woman to retain surname after marriage
- Roshini Thinakaran – film-maker focussing on lives of women in post-conflict zones
- Dorothy Thompson (1893–1961) – Buffalo and New York suffragist, later influential journalist and radio broadcaster
- Sojourner Truth (c. 1797–1883) – abolitionist, women's rights activist, speaker, women's rights speech: "Ain't I a Woman?"
- Mabel Vernon (1883–1975) – suffragist, member of Congressional Union for Women Suffrage, organizer for Silent Sentinels
- Harry S. Weeks – suffragist, civil rights activist, founder of Wheeling, WV's Democratic-Socialist Union
- Ida B. Wells (1862–1931) – civil rights and anti-lynching activist, suffragist noted for refusal to avoid media attention as an African American
- Frances Willard (1839–1898) – suffragist and organizer
- Victoria Woodhull (1838–1927) – suffragist, organizer, innovator, first woman to run for U.S. presidency
Uruguay
Images
- Board of directors of "Jam'iat e nesvan e vatan-khah" (Society of Patriotic Women) – a radical women's rights association in Tehran (1923–33)
See also
- History of Feminism
- List of civil rights leaders
- List of feminists
- List of suffragists and suffragettes
- List of women's rights organizations
- Timeline of first women's suffrage in majority-Muslim countries
- Timeline of women's rights (other than voting)
- Timeline of women's suffrage
- Women's suffrage organizations
References
- ↑ Richard J. Evans: The feminist movement in Germany. London, Beverly Hills 1976 (SAGE Studies in 20th Century History, Vol. 6). ISBN 0-8039-9951-8, S. 120
- ↑ Prah, Mansah (2002). "Jiagge, Annie (1918–1996)". In Commire, Anne. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Waterford, Connecticut: Yorkin Publications. ISBN 0-7876-4074-3. (subscription required (help)).
- ↑ http://www.deccanherald.com/content/393915/jampk-witnesses-steady-increase-crimes.html
- ↑ , additional text.
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