List of reptiles of Singapore
There are about 110 species of reptiles in Singapore.[1] Most of them are small or rarely seen. But there are a few which are large or prominent. The largest reptiles which can be found in Singapore are the Estuarine Crocodile and the Reticulated Python. The ones most commonly seen in urban areas are the house geckos (typically called house lizard by the lay-person) and the Changeable Lizard. The introduced Changeable Lizard has pushed the local Green Crested Lizard into forested areas.
In gardens and parks, one can often see Common Sun Skinks, the introduced Red-eared Sliders and Flying Lizards.
Water Monitors are common in rivers and mangrove. One other monitor that can be found in Singapore is the Clouded Monitor, which is a forest species. It is smaller than the Malayan Water Monitor, has slit nostrils and is paler in colour. In 2008, the Dumeril's Monitor was rediscovered in the swamp forest of Singapore. This goes to show that there can still be surprises in the forests of Singapore.
Equatorial Spitting Cobras can still be found in desolated urban areas of Singapore. The bigger King Cobra is much rarer. The closely related Banded Krait sometimes show up as road kills. There are also 2 coral snake and 9 sea snake species.
List of reptiles
Order Crocodylia (Crocodilians)
Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles)
- Estuarine Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) - Sungei Buloh
Order Testudines (Turtles, Tortoises, Terrapins)
Family Cheloniidae (Sea Turtles)
- Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta) - Vagrant
- Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) - Singapore Strait
- Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) - Singapore Strait
Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Turtle)
- Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) - Vagrant
Family Chelydridae (Snapping Turtles)
- Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina sensu lato) - Escapee
- Alligator Snapping Turtle (Macrochelys temminckii sensu lato) - Escapee
Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles)
- Malayan Softshell Turtle (Amyda ornata)
- Forest Softshell Turtle (Dogania subplana)
- Asian Giant Softshell Turtle (Pelochelys cantorii) - Indeterminate
- Chinese Softshell Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) - Introduced
Family Carettochelyidae (Pig-nosed Turtle)
- Pig-nosed Turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) - Escapee
Family Geoemydidae (Asian Terrapins)
- Painted Terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) - Indeterminate
- Malayan Box Terrapin (Cuora amboinensis)
- Asian Leaf Terrapin (Cyclemys dentata)
- Spiny Terrapin (Heosemys spinosa)
- Giant Asian Pond Terrapin (Heosemys grandis) - Introduced
- Malayan Flat-shelled Terrapin (Notochelys platynota)
- Malayan Giant Terrapin (Orlitia borneensis) - Introduced?
- Black Marsh Terrapin (Siebenrockiella crassicollis) - Introduced?
- Chinese Stripe-necked Turtle (Mauremys sinensis) - Escapee
Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
- Asian Brown Tortoise (Manouria emys) - Escapee
- Indian Star Tortoise (Geochelone elegans) - Escapee
Family Emydidae (American Terrapins)
- North Antillean Slider (Trachemys decussata) - Escapee
- Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) - Introduced
- Florida Cooter (Pseudemys concinna floridana) - Escapee
Order Squamata (Lizards and Snakes)
Family Gekkonidae (Geckos)
- Fox-faced Gecko (Aeluroscalabotes felinus)
- Peninsular Rock Gecko (Cnemaspis peninsularis)
- Singapore Bent-toed Gecko (Cyrtodactylus majulah)
- Banded Bent-toed Gecko (Cyrtodactylus pulchellus) - Doubtful
- Peninsular Bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus semenanjungensis)
- Peter's Forest Gecko (Cyrtodactylus consobrinus) - Bukit Timah
- Four-clawed Gecko (Gehyra mutilata)
- Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko) - Introduced
- Spotted House Gecko (Gekko monarchus)
- Large Forest Gecko (Gekko smithii)
- Frilly Gecko (Hemidactylus craspedotus)
- Flat-tailed Gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus)
- Brooke's House Gecko (Hemidactylus brookii) - Indeterminate
- Common House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)
- Indo-Pacific Gecko (Hemidactylus garnotii) - Indeterminate
- Lowland Dwarf Gecko (Hemiphyllodactylus typus)
- Mourning Gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris)
- Brown's Flap-legged Gecko (Luperosaurus browni) - Pulau Tekong
- Horsfield's Flying Gecko (Ptychozoon horsfieldii) - Indeterminate
- Kuhl's Flying Gecko (Ptychozoon kuhli)
Family Agamidae (Agamids)
- Earless Agamid (Aphaniotis fusca)
- Green Crested Lizard (Bronchocela cristatella)
- Changeable Lizard (Calotes versicolor) - Introduced
- Fimbriate Flying Lizard (Draco fimbriatus) - Indeterminate
- Spotted Flying Lizard (Draco maculatus) - Indeterminate
- Black-bearded Flying Lizard (Draco melanopogon)
- Five-banded Flying Lizard (Draco quinquefasciatus)
- Common Gliding Lizard (Draco sumatranus)
Family Dactyloidae (Anoles)
- Brown Anole (Norops sagrei) - Introduced to Gardens by the Bay
Family Iguanidae (Iguanas)
- Green Iguana (Iguana iguana) - Introduced, Jurong Hill, Jurong Bird Park, Sungei Tengah
Family Scincidae (Skinks)
- Olive Tree Skink (Dasia olivacea) - Central Catchment/Pulau Ubin
- Brown Tree Skink (Dasia grisea) - forests
- Mangrove Skink (Emoia atrocostata) - mangrove
- Common Sun Skink (Eutropis multifasciata) - gardens/forests
- Striped Sun Skink (Eutropis rugifera) - forests
- Striped Tree Skink (Lipinia vittigera) - forests
- Garden Supple Skink (Lygosoma bowringii) - gardens/forests
- Malayan Swamp Skink (Tytthoscincus cf. sibuensis) - streams in freshwater swamp forest, Central Catchment
Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards)
- Clouded Monitor (Varanus nebulosus) - Forests
- Dumeril's Monitor (Varanus dumerili) - Nee Soon Swamp Forest
- Malayan Water Monitor (Varanus salvator) - Rivers, canals, lakes, reservoirs, mangroves, coasts
Family Typhlopidae (Blind Snakes)
- Brahminy Blind Snake (Indotyphlops braminus)
- Striped Blind Snake (Ramphotyphlops lineatus) - Indeterminate
- White-belled Blind Snake (Typhlops muelleri)
Family Cylindrophiidae (Asian Pipe Snakes)
- Red-tailed Pipe Snake (Cylindrophis ruffus)
Family Xenopeltidae (Sunbeam Snakes)
- Sunbeam Snake (Xenopeltis unicolor)
Family Pythonidae (Pythons)
- Malaysian Blood Python (Python brongersmai) - Extinct
- Reticulated Python (Malayopython reticulatus)
Family Acrochordidae (File Snakes)
- Banded File Snake (Acrochordus granulatus)
Family Colubridae (Colubrids)
- Speckle-headed Whip Snake (Ahaetulla fasciolata)
- Malayan Whip Snake (Ahaetula mycterizans)
- Oriental Whip Snake (Ahaetulla prasina)
- Dog-toothed Cat Snake (Boiga cynodon)
- Mangrove Snake (Boiga dendrophila)
- White-spotted Cat Snake (Boiga drapiezii) - Swamp forests
- Jasper Cat Snake (Boiga jaspidea) - Central Catchment/Pulau Tekong
- Red-bellied Reed Snake (Calamaria albiventer) - Indeterminate
- Gimlett's Reed Snake (Calamaria gimletti) - Indeterminate
- Variable Reed Snake (Calamaria lumbricoidea)
- Pink-headed Reed Snake (Calamaria schlegeli)
- Paradise Tree Snake (Chrysopelea paradisi)
- Twin-barred Tree Snake (Chrysopelea pelias)
- Common Malayan Racer (Coelognathus flavolineatus)
- Copperhead Racer (Coelognathus radiatus) - Indeterminate
- Striped Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis caudolineatus)
- Blue Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis cyanochloris) - Bukit Timah
- Elegant Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis formosus)
- Haas' Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis haasi) - Central Catchment
- Red-necked Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis kopsteini)
- Painted Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis pictus)
- Malayan Bridle Snake (Dryocalamus subannulatus)
- Keel-bellied Whip Snake (Dryophiops rubescens)
- Orange-bellied Ringneck (Gongylosoma baliodeira)
- Rainbow Tree Snake (Gonyophis margaritatus) - Indeterminate
- Red-tailed Racer (Gonyosoma oxycephalum)
- Tricoloured Ringneck (Liopeltis tricolor)
- House Wolf Snake (Lycodon capucinus)
- Banded Wolf Snake (Lycodon subcinctus)
- Brown Kukri Snake (Oligodon purpurascens)
- Striped Kukri Snake (Oligodon octolineatus)
- Barred Kukri Snake (Oligodon signatus)
- Striped Racer (Orthriophis taeniurus) - Indeterminate
- Dwarf Reed Snake (Pseudorabdion longiceps)
- Keeled Rat Snake (Ptyas carinata)
- White-bellied Rat Snake (Ptyas fusca)
- Indochinese Rat Snake (Ptyas korros)
- Banded Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosa) - Indeterminate
- Black-headed Collared Snake (Sibynophis melanocephalus)
- Malaysian Brown Snake (Xenelaphis hexagonotus)
Family Homalopsidae (Mud Snakes)
- Keel-bellied Water Snake (Bitia hydroides) - Indeterminate
- Cantor's Water Snake (Cantoria violacea)
- Dog-faced Water Snake (Cerberus schneiderii)
- Rainbow Water Snake (Enhydris enhydris) - Introduced?
- Crab-eating Water Snake (Fordonia leucobalia)
- Yellow-lipped Water Snake (Gerarda prevostiana)
- Puff-faced Water Snake (Homalopsis buccata)
- Blackwater Mud Snake (Phytolopsis punctata)
Family Natricidae (Keelbacks and Mock Vipers)
- Peter's Keelback (Amphiesma petersii) - Indeterminate
- Blue-necked Keelback (Macropisthodon rhodomelas)
- Painted Mock Viper (Psammodynastes pictus)
- Red-necked Keelback (Rhabdophis subminiatus) - Indeterminate
- Southern Chequered Keelback (Xenochrophis flavipunctatus) - Introduced?
- Spotted Keelback (Xenochrophis maculatus)
- Triangle Keelback (Xenochrophis trianguligerus)
- Striped Keelback (Xenochrophis vittatus) - Introduced
Family Pareatidae (Slug-eating Snakes)
- White-spotted Slug Snake (Pareas margaritophorus) - Introduced
- Smooth Slug Snake (Asthenodipsas laevis)
Family Elapidae (Cobras, Coral Snakes, Kraits, Sea Snakes)
- Malayan Krait (Bungarus candidus) - Indeterminate
- Banded Krait (Bungarus fasciatus)
- Blue Malayan Coral Snake (Calliophis bivirgatus)
- Spotted Malayan Coral Snake (Calliophis gracilis) - Indeterminate
- Banded Malayan Coral Snake (Calliophis intestinalis)
- Equatorial Spitting Cobra (Naja sumatrana)
- King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah)
- Yellow-lipped Sea Krait (Laticauda colubrina) - Southern Islands, Labrador
- Horned Sea Snake (Acalyptophis peronii)
- Marbled Sea Snake (Aipysurus eydouxii) - Straits of Johor, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong
- Stoke's Sea Snake (Astrotia stokesii)
- Beaked Sea Snake (Enhydrina schistosa)
- Blue-banded Sea Snake (Hydrophis cyanocinctus)
- Striped Sea Snake (Hydrophis fasciatus)
- Kloss' Sea Snake (Hydrophis klossi)
- Short Sea Snake (Lapemis curtus)
- Small-headed Sea Snake (Microcephalophis gracilis)
- Yellow-bellied Sea Snake (Pelamis platurus)
Family Viperidae (Vipers)
- Mangrove Pit-viper (Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus) - Sungei Buloh, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin
- Hagen's Pit-viper (Parias hageni) - Indeterminate
- Wagler's Pit-viper (Tropidolaemus wagleri) - Bukit Timah, Central Catchment
See also
References
- ↑ "List of reptile species present in Singapore". https://www.nparks.gov.sg/biodiversity/wildlife-in-singapore/species-list/reptile. External link in
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External links
- http://www.wildsingapore.per.sg/discovery/animalaz.htm
- http://www.ecologyasia.com/html-menu/eco-focus.htm