List of heads of the Russian Orthodox Church
This is a list of heads of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus
Kiev Metropolitanate (988–1054)
- St. Michael I (988–992)
- Leontius (992–1008)
- Theophilact (1008 – until 1018)
- John I (1008/18 – c. 1030)
- Theopemptus (c. 1035 – 1040th)
- Cyril I[lower-alpha 1]
- Hilarion I (1051–1054)[lower-alpha 2]
Kiev Metropolitanate (1054–1458)
- Ephraim (1054/1055 – c. 1065)
- Georgius (c. 1065 – c. 1076)
- St. John II (not later than 1076/1077 – after August 1089)
- John III (summer 1090 – before 14 August 1091)
- Nicholas (c. 1093 – before 1104)
- Nicephorus I (18 December 1104 – April 1121)
- Nikita (15 October 1122 – 9 March 1126)
- Michael II (summer 1130 – 1145)
- Kliment Smoliatich (27 July 1147 – early 1155)
- St. Constantine I (1156 – 1158/1159)
- Theodore (August 1160 – June 1163)
- John IV (spring 1164 – 1166)
- Constantine II (1167 – 1169/1170)
- Michael III (spring 1171 – ?)
- Nicephorus II (before 1183 – after 1201)
- Matthew (before 1210 – 19 August 1220)
- Cyril II (1224/1225 – autumn 1233)
- Joseph (1242/1247 – ?)
- Cyril III (1242/1247 – 27 November 1281)
- St. Maximus (1283 – 6 December 1305[lower-alpha 3])
- St. Peter (1308 – 21 December 1326)
- St. Theognostus (1328–1353)
- St. Alexius (1354–1378)
- Michael (1379)
- St. Cyprian (1381–1383)
- Pimen (1382 – 1384[lower-alpha 4])
- St. Dionysius (1383–1385)
- Cyprian (1390–1406)
- St. Photius (1408–1431)
- Gerasimus (1433–1435)
- Isidore (1437–1458)
- St. John (1448–1461)
During the archiepiscopacy of Metropolitan Isidore of Moscow co-ruled Metropolitan John (1448–1461). From 1461, after the early autocephaly of the Eastern-Russian eparchies within the Muskovy, Metropolitans who had a cathedra in Moscow were called Metropolitan of Moscow and all Rus (or Russia).
Metropolitan of Moscow and all Rus
- Theodosius (3 May 1461 – 13 September 1464)
- Philip I (11 November 1464 – 5 April 1473)
- St. Gerontius (29 June 1473 – 28 May 1489)
- Zosimus (26 September 1490 – 9 February 1495)
- Simon (22 September 1495 – 30 April 1511)
- Barlaam (3 August 1511 – 18 December 1521)
- Daniel (27 February 1522 – 2 February 1539)
- St. Joasaphus (6 February 1539 – January 1542)
- St. Macarius (19 March 1542 – 31 December 1563)
- Athanasius (5 March 1564 – 16 May 1566)
- Herman (July 1566)
- St. Philip II (25 July 1566 – 4 November 1568)
- Cyril IV (11 November 1568 – 8 February 1572)
- Anthony (May 1572 – early 1581)
- Dionisyus (1581 – 13 October 1586)
- Job (11 December 1586 – 23 January 1589)
Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus
First Patriarchial Period (1589—1721)
Patriarch | Worldly name | Period | Portrait | |
---|---|---|---|---|
St. Job | Ivan | 23 January 1589 | June 1605 | |
Ignatius[lower-alpha 5] | 30 June 1605 | May 1606 | ||
St. Hermogenes | Yermolay | 3 June 1606 | 17 February 1612 | |
Philaret | Fyodor Nikitich Romanov | 24 June 1619 | 1 October 1633 | |
Joasaphus I | 6 February 1634 | 28 November 1640 | ||
Joseph | Dyakov | 27 May 1642 | 15 April 1652 | |
Nikon | Nikita Minin (Minov) | 25 July 1652 | 12 December 1666 | |
Joasaphus II | Novotorzhets (nickname) | 10 February 1667 | 17 February 1672 | |
Pitirim | 7 July 1672 | 19 April 1673 | ||
Joachim | Ivan Petrovich Savelov | 26 June 1674 | 17 March 1690 | |
Adrian[lower-alpha 6] | Andrey | 24 August 1690 | 16 October 1700 |
Procurators of the Most Holy Synod
The Ober-Procurator (Attorney-General) was a non-clerical officer who headed the Most Holy Synod from 1722 to 1917.
- Ivan Vasilyevich Boltin (19 June 1722 – 11 May 1725)[1]
- From 1726 to 31 December 1741 the office procurator was vacant.
- Aleksey Petrovich Baskakov (11 May 1725 – 2 December 1730)[1]
- Guardian Captain Rayevsky (14 Jule 1726 as "procurator")[2][lower-alpha 7]
- Office vacant until 1740
- Nikita Semyonovich Krechetnikov (3 November 1740 – 1741[1])
- Yakov Petrovich Shakhovskoy (31 December 1741 – 29 March 1753)
- Afanasy Ivanovich Lvov (18 December 1753 – 17 April 1758)
- Aleksey Semyonovich Kozlovsky (17 April 1758 – 9 June 1763)
- Ivan Ivanovich Melissino (10 June 1763 – 24 October 1768)
- Pyotr Petrovich Chebyshyov (24 October 1768 – 7 May 1774)
- Sergey Vasilyevich Akchurin (12 May 1774 – 28 July 1786)
- Apollos Ivanovich Naumov (28 July 1786 – 26 July 1791)
- Count Aleksey Ivanovich Musin-Pushkin (1791–1797)
- Prince Vasily Alekseyevich Khovansky (1797–1799)
- Count Dmitry Ivanovich Khvostov (1799–1802)
- Aleksandr Alekseyevich Yakovlev (31 December 1802 – 7 October 1803[1])
- Prince Aleksandr Nikolayevich Golitsyn (21 October 1803 – 24 October[3] or 19 November[1] 1817[lower-alpha 8])
- Prince Pyotr Sergeyevich Meshchersky (24 November 1817 – 2 April 1833)
- Stepan Dmitriyevich Nechayev (1833 – 25 June 1836)
- Count Nikolay Aleksandrovich Protasov (24 February 1836 – 16 January 1855)
- Aleksandr Ivanovich Karasevsky (25 December 1855 – 20 September 1856)
- Count Aleksandr Petrovich Tolstoy (20 September 1856 – 28 February 1862)
- Aleksey Petrovich Akhmatov (March 1862 – June 1865)
- Count Dmitry Andreyevich Tolstoy (23 June 1865 – 23 April 1880)
- Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev (24 April 1880 – 19 October 1905)
- Prince Aleksey Dmitriyevich Obolensky (20 October 1905 – 4 April 1906)
- Prince Aleksey Aleksandrovich Shirinsky-Shikhmatov (26 April – 9 July 1906)
- Pyotr Petrovich Izvolsky (27 July 1906 – 5 February 1909)
- Sergey Mikhailovich Lukyanov (5 February 1909 – 2 May 1911)
- Vladimir Karlovich Sabler (2 May 1911 – 4 July 1915)
- Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Samarin (5 July 1915 – 26 September 1915)
- Aleksandr Nikolayevich Volzhin (1 October 1915 – 7 August 1916)
- Nikolay Pavlovich Rayev (30 August[4] 1916 – 3 March 1917)
- Vladimir Nikolayevich Lvov (3 March 1917 – 24 July 1917)
- Anton Vladimirovich Kartashyov (25 July – 5 August 1917).
Second Patriarchial Period (since 1917)
Patriarch | Worldly name | Period | Portrait | |
---|---|---|---|---|
St. Tikhon | Vasily Ivanovich Bellavin | 4 (21) December 1917 | 7 April 1925 | |
Sergius | Ivan Nikolayevich Stragorodsky | 8 September 1943 | 15 May 1944 | |
Alexius I | Sergey Vladimirovich Simansky | 2 February 1945 | 17 April 1970 | |
Pimen | Sergey Mikhailovich Izvekov | 2 June 1971 | 3 May 1990 | |
Alexius II | Alexey Mikhailovich Ridiger | 10 June 1990 | 5 December 2008 | |
Kirill | Vladimir Mikhailovich Gundyaev | 1 February 2009 | Incumbent |
Notes
- ↑ Is not listed in Russian Chronicles; probably 1039–1051
- ↑ First Russian Metropolitan
- ↑ Before 1299 in Kiev, then in Vladimir
- ↑ Factually until 1389
- ↑ As Ignatius was personally elected by False Dmitriy I and during the rule of Patriarch Job, he was not the legitimate Patriarch of Moscow. After death of the monarch, Ignatius was removed from office in a Council.
- ↑ No successor after the death of Patriarch Adrian. From 1700–1721 the keeper of the Patriarchial throne (Exarch) was Metropolitan Stefan (Yavorsky) of Yaroslavl. After Peter I opened the Ecclesiastical College in 1721, the highest church body became the Most Holy Synod. The Patriarchy was recovered by the National Orthodox Council on 28 October 11 November 1917
- ↑ Sometimes – probably falsely – listed as Ober-Procurator
- ↑ Until May 1824 Minister of Religious Affairs and Public Education
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Высшие и центральные государственные учреждения России. 1801—1917. Saint Petersburg: Nauka, 1998, vol. 1, p. 135.
- ↑ Государственность России. Moscow, 2001, vol. 4, p. 109.
- ↑ D. N. Shilov. Государственные деятели Российской империи. Saint Petersburg, 2002, p. 186.
- ↑ D. N. Shilov. Государственные деятели Российской империи. Главы высших и центральных учреждений. 1802—1917. Saint Petersburg, 2002, p. 620
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