List of countries by public sector
This is a list of countries by public sector or the share of public sector employees of total employment. Information is based mainly on data from OECD[1][2][3] and ILO.[4] If a source has figures for more than one year, only the most recent figure is used (with notes for exceptional circumstances).
In the former Eastern Bloc countries, the public sector in 1989 accounted for between 70% to over 90% of total employment.[5] In China a full 100% of employees were employed in the public sector by 1978, the year the Chinese economic reform was launched, after which the rates dropped to 56.4% in 1995, and to 32.8% in 2003.[6]
In the OECD-countries, the average public sector employment rate was 21.3% in 2013.[1]
List
| Country | OECD (%)[1][2][3] | ILO (%)[4] | Other estimates (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
 Albania | 16.6 (2013) | ||
 Armenia | 21.8 (2013) | 17.6 (World Bank publication, 2009)[7] | |
 Argentina | 18.0 (2014) | 26.08 (Minister of Labour, July 2016) [8][9] | |
 Australia | 18.4 (2012) | 18.4 (2012) | |
 Azerbaijan | 25.9 (2013) | 21.7 (World Bank publication, 2009)[7] | |
 Bahamas | 33.7 (2009) | ||
 Bangladesh | 4.8 (2010) | ||
 Bahrain | 8.4*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2010)[10] | ||
 Barbados | 22.3 (2013) | ||
 Belarus | 40.6 (2013) | 72.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5] | |
.svg.png){kind=small} Belgium | 21.5 (2013) | 21.9 (2014) | |
 Bermuda | 10.3 (2010) | ||
 Bhutan | 17.8 (2012) | ||
 Botswana | 16.5 (2010) | ||
 Brazil | 12.1 (2013) | 12.1 (2013) | |
 Bulgaria | 24.5 (2013) | ||
 Cameroon | 4.8 (2010) | ||
 Canada | 22.4 (2013) | 19.9 (2014) | |
 Chile | 10.7 (2013) | 10.7 (2013) | |
 China | 29.3 (2004)[6] | ||
 Colombia | 4.1 (2013) | 4.0 (2013) | |
 Costa Rica | 15.2 (2013) | ||
 Croatia | 31.7 (2013) | ||
 Czech Republic | 34.0 (2009) | ||
 Cuba | 85.2 (2010) | ||
 Denmark | 34.9 (2011) | 31.1 (2014) | |
 Dominican Republic | 12.8 (2013) | ||
 Ecuador | 9.2 (2013) | ||
 Egypt | 26.3 (2013) | ||
 El Salvador | 8.4 (2013) | ||
 Estonia | 26.1 (2013) | 26.1 (2013) | |
 Ethiopia | 20.5 (2012) | ||
 Finland | 24.4 (2008) | ||
 France | 19.8 (2013) | 20.0 (2014) | |
 Georgia | 14.4 (2014) | 21.1 (World Bank publication, 2009)[7] | |
 Ghana | 6.9 (2010) | ||
 Germany | 15.4 (2009) | ||
 Greece | 22.6 (2012) | 22.6 (2012) | |
 Guatemala | 6.5 (2014) | ||
 Guinea | 2.8 (2012) | ||
 Hungary | 26.8 (2012) | 26.8 (2012) | |
 India | 4.7*[lower-alpha 2] (2002)[11] | ||
 Iran | 16.9 (2014) | ||
 Ireland | 24.7 (2013) | 24.7 (2013) | |
 Israel | 16.5 (2007) | ||
 Italy | 17.3 (2013) | ||
 Japan | 7.9 (2013) | 7.9 (2013) | |
 Jordan | 33.1 (2004) | ||
 Kazakhstan | 23.3 (2012) | 20.8 (World Bank publication, 2009)[7] | |
 Kuwait | 44.6 (2008) | 18.5*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)[10] | |
 Kyrgyzstan | 15.1 (World Bank publication, 2009)[7] | ||
 Latvia | 31.2 (2013) | 31.2 (2013) | |
 Lithuania | 28.6 (2013) | 34.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5] | |
 Luxembourg | 26.1 (2011) | ||
 Macedonia | 23.2 (2013) | ||
 Madagascar | 2.6 (2012) | ||
 Malaysia | 16.1 (2014) | ||
 Mali | 4.4 (2010) | ||
 Mexico | 11.8 (2013) | 11.9 (2014) | |
 Moldova | 26.0 (2014) | 41.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5] | |
 Mongolia | 24.0 (2014) | ||
 Morocco | 9.1 (2012) | ||
| OECD | 21.3*[lower-alpha 3] (2013) | ||
 Oman | 14.0*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)[10] | ||
 New Zealand | 12.4 (2011) | ||
 Netherlands | 21.4 (2005) | ||
 Norway | 34.6 (2013) | 32.8 (2014) | |
 Panama | 15.2 (2014) | ||
 Paraguay | 9.8 (2014) | ||
 Philippines | 7.9 (2014) | ||
 Poland | 25.2 (2013) | 25.2 (2013) | 16.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5] |
 Portugal | 16.4 (2013) | ||
 Qatar | 11.1 (2010) | 12.1*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2009)[10] | |
 Romania | 16.2 (2013) | 15.3 (INS, 2015)[12] | |
 Russia | 30.6 (2011) | ||
 Saudi Arabia | 35.3*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)[10] | ||
 San Marino | 18.7 (2009) | ||
 Senegal | 4.7 (2011) | ||
 Serbia | 31.0 (2013) | ||
 Seychelles | 36.8 (2011) | ||
 Slovakia | 27.2 (2013) | 27.2 (2013) | |
 Slovenia | 22.9 (2012) | 22.9 (2012) | |
 South Africa | 17.4 (2013) | 17.4 (2013) | |
 South Korea | 7.6 (2013) | ||
 Spain | 17.1 (2013) | 17.1 (2013) | |
 Sri Lanka | 15.1 (2012) | ||
 Sweden | 28.1 (2013) | 28.9 (2014) | |
 Switzerland | 18.0 (2013) | 18.0 (2013) | |
 Tajikistan | 33.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5] | ||
 Tanzania | 3.5 (2013) | ||
 Thailand | 19.4 (2014) | ||
 Turkey | 12.9 (2011) | ||
 Ukraine | 21.7 (2012) | 21.7 (2012) | |
 United Kingdom | 23.5 (2013) | 23.5 (2013) | |
 United States | 14.6 (2008) | ||
 Uruguay | 14.9 (2014) | ||
 Venezuela | 20.1 (2013) | ||
 Vietnam | 10.3 (2014) | ||
 Zambia | 6.7 (2010) | ||
 Zimbabwe | 6.9 (2011) | ||
- 1 2 3 4 5 GCC estimates by Baldwin-Edwards are state employment as a proportion of total employment. The employment of nationals is primarily in the state sector, with migrant workers dominating the private sector.
- ↑ India's public sector still accounted for 69% of the country's organised workforce.
- ↑ OECD average for 2013 does not include Australia, Czech Republic, Germany, South Korea, Ireland and Portugal.
See also
References
- 1 2 3 OECD (2015). "Employment in the public sector". Government at a Glance 2015. Paris: OECD Publishing.
- 1 2 OECD (2013). "Employment in general government and public corporations". Government at a Glance 2013. Paris: OECD Publishing.
- 1 2 OECD (2011). "Employment in General Government and Public Corporations". Government at a Glance 2011. Paris: OECD Publishing.
- 1 2 "Share of employment in the public sector by sex (%)". International Labour Organization. Retrieved 20 October 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Omar S. Arias, Carolina Sánchez-Páramo, María E. Dávalos, Indhira Santos, Erwin R. Tiongson, Carola Gruen, Natasha de Andrade Falcão, Gady Saiovici, Cesar A. Cancho (2014). Back to Work: Growing with Jobs in Europe and Central Asia. World Bank Publications. pp. 86, 101. ISBN 9780821399118.
- 1 2 Zeng, Jin (2013). State-Led Privatization in China: The Politics of Economic Reform. Routledge. pp. 52–53. ISBN 9781134464890.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Indermit S. Gill, Ivailo Izvorski, Willem van Eeghen, Donato De Rosa (2014). Diversified Development: Making the Most of Natural Resources in Eurasia. World Bank Publications. p. 164. ISBN 9781464801204.
- ↑ La destrucción de empleo privado se compensó con más trabajo en el Estado
- ↑ Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security - Situation And Evolution Of Total Registered Workers
- 1 2 3 4 5 Baldwin-Edwards, Martin (2011). "Labour immigration and labour markets in the GCC countries: national patterns and trends.". Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States. London: The London School of Economics and Political Science. 15: 15.
- ↑ Kumar, Rajiv (2008). India and the Global Economy. Academic Foundation. p. 246. ISBN 9788171886616.
- ↑ "84 pct of Romania's employed population work in the private sector, says INS". Business Review. 30 April 2015.
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