List of heads of state of Sudan

President of the Republic of Sudan جمهورية السودان
Presidential Standard
Incumbent Omar al-Bashir since 30 June 1989
Residence	Republican Palace Khartoum, Sudan
Term length	5 years, renewable indefinitely
Inaugural holder	Five-member Sovereignty Council (collective presidency)
Formation	1 January 1956
Deputy	Vice President of Sudan
Website	www.presidency.gov.sd/en/

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This is a list of heads of state of Sudan, from the independence of the country in 1956 to the present day.

History of the office

Since the country's independence on 1 January 1956, six individuals (and three multi-member sovereignty councils) have served as head of state of Sudan, currently under the title President of the Republic of Sudan. Prior to independence, Sudan was governed as a condominium by Egypt and the United Kingdom, under the name Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. As such, executive power was vested in a dyarchy consisting of both countries' heads of state – at the time of independence, the Queen of the United Kingdom (Elizabeth II) and the Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council (headed by Gamal Abdel Nasser). Immediately following independence, the role of head of state was filled by a five-member Sovereignty Council, with rival nationalist factions unable to agree on a single candidate. In November 1958, General Ibrahim Abboud led a military coup d'état, assuming the role of head of state as Chairman of the Supreme Council. Assuming the title of president in 1964, he resigned later that year due to general discontent around the rule of the military regime. Abboud was succeeded by a senior civil servant, Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa, who served as acting president for 18 days before transferring executive authority to a Committee of Sovereignty.

Ismail al-Azhari, the leader of the National Unionist Party, was made president in July 1965, and ruled with limited power until he was deposed in 1969. The military officers responsible for the coup established the National Revolutionary Command Council, chaired by Gaafar Nimeiry. Nimeiry, the leader of the newly formed Sudanese Socialist Union, assumed the position of president in 1971, and subsequently established a one-party state, which existed until 1985, when a group of military officers overthrew his government and established the Transitional Military Council, led by Lieutenant-General Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab. Ahmed al-Mirghani succeeded to the relatively powerless position of Chairman of the Supreme Council in 1986, after multi-party elections held that year. He was deposed in a 1989 military coup led by Lieutenant-General Omar al-Bashir. Al-Bashir has served as head of state since the coup, under the title of Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation to 1993 and as president from 1993 onwards (and from 1996 as the leader of the National Congress Party).

Heads of State of Sudan (1956–present)

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

№		Name		Birth–Death	Took office	Left office	Political Party
	1	Sovereignty Council Members: Abdel Fattah Muhammad al-Maghrabi Muhammad Ahmad Yasin Ahmad Muhammad Salih Muhammad Othman al-Dardiri Siricio Iro Wani			1 January 1956	17 November 1958	—
Chairman of the Supreme Council
	2	Ibrahim Abboud		1900–1983	18 November 1958	31 October 1964	Military
		Presidents
		Ibrahim Abboud		1900–1983	31 October 1964	16 November 1964[1]	Military
	—	Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa Acting President		1919–2006	16 November 1964	3 December 1964	National Umma Party
	3	First Committee of Sovereignty Members: Abdel Halim Muhammad Tijani al-Mahi Mubarak Shaddad Ibrahim Yusuf Sulayman Luigi Adwok Bong Gicomeho			3 December 1964	10 June 1965	—
	4	Second Committee of Sovereignty Members: Ismail al-Azhari Abdullah al-Fadil al-Mahdi Luigi Adwok Bong Gicomeho Abdel Halim Muhammad Khidr Hamad			10 June 1965	8 July 1965	—
Chairman of the Sovereignty Council
	5	Ismail al-Azhari		1900–1969	8 July 1965	25 May 1969[2]	Democratic Unionist Party
Chairman of the National Revolutionary Command Council
	6	Gaafar Nimeiry		1930–2009	25 May 1969	12 October 1971[3]	Military / Sudanese Socialist Union
		President
		Gaafar Nimeiry		1930–2009	12 October 1971	6 April 1985[4]	Military / Sudanese Socialist Union
Commander-in-Chief
	7	Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab		1934–	6 April 1985	9 April 1985	Military
		Chairman of the Transitional Military Council
		Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab		1934–	9 April 1985	15 December 1985	Military
Chairman of the Transitional Military Council
	(7)	Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab		1934–	15 December 1985	6 May 1986	Military
Chairman of the Supreme Council
	8	Ahmed al-Mirghani		1941–2008	6 May 1986	30 June 1989[5]	Democratic Unionist Party
Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation
	9	Omar al-Bashir		1944–	30 June 1989	16 October 1993	Military / National Congress
		President
		Omar al-Bashir		1944–	16 October 1993	Incumbent	Military / National Congress

Latest election

See also

• Sudan
  • Politics of Sudan
  • List of governors of pre-independence Sudan
  • Vice President of Sudan
  • List of heads of government of Sudan
• Lists of office-holders
• List of current heads of state and government

Notes

External links

• Official website of the President of Sudan
• World Statesmen – Sudan

Presidents of Sudan
Sovereignty Council (1956–58) Abboud Al-Khalifa Sovereignty Council (1964–65) Sovereignty Council (June–July 1965) al-Azhari Nimeiry al-Dahab al-Mirghani al-Bashir