List of Japanese people

This is a list of notable Japanese people.

If a sub-list is indicated, names should be placed in the sub-list instead of this list.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article showing they are Japanese.

Architects

Artists

Athletes

Authors

Educators

Emperors

No. Reign Portrait Posthumous name Personal name (imina) Notes
Legendary Emperors
1 00340660 BC–585 BCE Emperor Jimmu Kan'yamato Iwarebiko   presumed legendary; claimed descent from the sun goddess, Amaterasu[1]
2 00491581 BCE–549 BCE Emperor Suizei Kamu Nunagawamimi no Mikoto   presumed legendary;[2] 3rd son of Jimmu[3]
3 00451549 BCE–511 BCE Emperor Annei Shikitsuhiko Tamademi no Mikoto   presumed legendary;[4] son and heir of Suizei[3]
4 00490510 BCE–476 BCE Emperor Itoku Oho Yamatohiko Sukitomo no Mikoto   presumed legendary;[4] 2nd son of Annei[3]
5 00525475 BCE–393 BCE Emperor Kōshō Mimatsuhiko Kaeshine no Mikoto   presumed legendary;[5] son and heir of Itoku[3]
6 00608392 BCE–291 BCE Emperor Kōan Oho Yamato Tarasihiko Kunioshi Hito no Mikoto   presumed legendary;[6] 2nd son of Kōshō[3]
7 00710290 BCE–215 BCE Emperor Kōrei Oho Yamato Nekohiko Futoni no Mikoto presumed legendary[7]
8 00786214 BCE–158 BCE Emperor Kōgen Oho Yamato Nekohiko Kuni Kuru no Mikoto presumed legendary[8]
9 00843157 BCE–98 BCE Emperor Kaika Waka Yamato Nekohiko Oho Bibino no Mikoto presumed legendary[9]
10 0090397 BCE–30 BCE Emperor Sujin Mimaki Irihiko Inie no Mikoto first emperor with a direct possibility of existence[10]
11 0097129 BCE–70 CE Emperor Suinin Ikume Irihiko Isachi no Mikoto [11]
12 9007171–130 Emperor Keikō Oho Tarasihiko Osirowake no Mikoto [12]
13 9131131–191 Emperor Seimu Waka Tarasihiko [13]
14 9192192–200 Emperor Chūai Tarasi Nakatsuhiko no Mikoto [14]
0145 90201201–269 Empress Jingu Okinaga Tarashihime no Mikoto Served as regent for Emperor Ōjin; not counted among the officially numbered emperors[15]
Kofun Period
15 90270270–310 Emperor Ōjin Honda no Sumera-mikoto / Ōtomowake no Mikoto / Homutawake no Mikoto Last proto-historical emperor, deified as Hachiman[16]
16 90313313–399 Emperor Nintoku Ō Sazaki no Mikoto Inaccurate dates[17]
17 90400400–405 Emperor Richū Isaho Wake no Mikoto Inaccurate dates[18]
18 90406406–410 Emperor Hanzei Tajihi Mizuha Wake no Mikoto Inaccurate dates[19]
19 90411411–453 Emperor Ingyō Wo Asazuma Wakugo no Sukune Inaccurate dates.[20]
20 90453453–456 Emperor Ankō Anaho no Mikoto Inaccurate dates.[21]
21 90456456–479 Emperor Yūryaku Oho Hatsuse Wakatakeru no Mikoto Inaccurate dates.[22]
22 90480480–484 Emperor Seinei Siraka Takehiro Kuni Osi Waka Yamato Neko no Mikoto Inaccurate dates.[23]
23 90485485–487 Emperor Kenzō Ohoke no Mikoto Inaccurate dates.[24]
24 90488488–498 Emperor Ninken Ohosi(Ohosu) no Mikoto/ Simano Iratsuko Inaccurate dates.[25]
25 90498498–506 Emperor Buretsu Wohatsuse Wakasazaki Inaccurate dates.[26]
26 90507507–531 Emperor Keitai Ōto/Hikofuto (Hikofuto no Mikoto/Ōdo no Sumera Mikoto) Genealogy from this point is considered accurate.[27]
27 90531531–535 Emperor Ankan Hirokuni Oshitake Kanahi no Mikoto Inaccurate dates.[28]
28 90535535–539 Emperor Senka Takeo Hirokuni Oshitate no Mikoto Inaccurate dates.[29]
Asuka Period (592–710)
29 90539539–571 Emperor Kimmei Amekuni Oshiharuki Hironiwa no Sumera Mikoto Traditional dates.[30]
30 90572572–585 Emperor Bidatsu Osada no Nunakura no Futotamashiki no Mikoto Traditional dates.[31]
31 90585585–587 Emperor Yōmei Ooe/Tachibana no Toyohi no Sumera Mikoto Traditional dates.[32]
32 90587587–592 Emperor Sushun Hatsusebe no (Wakasasagi) Mikoto Traditional dates.[33]
33 90592592–628 Empress Suiko Nukatabe/Toyomike Kashikiyahime First non-legendary female emperor (Prince Shotoku acted as her regent); traditional dates.[34]
34 90629629–641 Emperor Jomei Tamura (Oki Nagatarashihi Hironuka no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[35]
35 90642642–645 Empress Kōgyoku Takara (Ame Toyotakaraikashi Hitarashi Hime no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates,[36] reigned twice
36 90645645–654 Emperor Kōtoku Karu (Ame Yorozu Toyohi no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[37]
37 90655655–661 Empress Saimei Takara (Ame Toyotakaraikashi Hitarashi Hime no Sumera Mikoto) Second reign of Empress Kōgyoku (35), traditional dates.[38]
38 90661661–672 Emperor Tenji Katsuragi/Nakano-ooe (Ame Mikoto Hirakasuwake no Mikoto/Amatsu Mikoto Sakiwake no Mikoto) Traditional dates.[39]
39 90672672 Emperor Kōbun Ōtomo Posthumously named (1870),[40] usurped by Temmu
40 90672672–686 Emperor Temmu Ōama/Ohoshiama/Ōsama (Ame no Nunahara Oki no Mahito no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[41]
41 90686686–697 Empress Jitō Unonosarara (Takama no Harahiro no Hime no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[42]
42 90697697–707 Emperor Mommu Karu (Ame no Mamune Toyoohoji no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[43]
43 90707707–715 Empress Gemmei Ahe (Yamatoneko Amatsu Mishiro Toyokuni Narihime no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[44]
Nara Period (710–794)
43 90707707–715 Empress Gemmei Ahe (Yamatoneko Amatsu Mishiro Toyokuni Narihime no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[44]
44 90715715–724 Empress Genshō Hidaka/Niinomi (Yamatoneko Takamizu Kiyotarashi Hime no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[45]
45 90724724–749 Emperor Shōmu Obito (Ameshirushi Kunioshiharuki Toyosakurahiko no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates.[46]
46 90749749–758 Empress Kōken Abe (Yamatoneko no Sumera Mikoto) Traditional dates,[47] reigned twice
47 90758758–764 Emperor Junnin Ōi Posthumously named (1870),[48] dethroned by Shōtoku
48 90764764–770 Empress Shōtoku Abe (Yamatoneko no Sumera Mikoto) Second reign of Empress Kōken (46), traditional dates.[49]
49 90770770–781 Emperor Kōnin Shirakabe (Amemune Takatsugi no Mikoto) Traditional dates.[50]
50 90781781–806 Emperor Kammu Yamabe (Yamatoneko Amatsu Hitsugi Iyaderi no Mikoto) Traditional dates.[51]
Heian Period (794–1185)
50 90781781–806 Emperor Kammu Yamabe (Yamatoneko Amatsu Hitsugi Iyaderi no Mikoto) Traditional dates.[51]
51 90806806–809 Emperor Heizei Ate (Yamatoneko Ameoshikuni Takahiko no Mikoto) Traditional dates.[52]
52 90809809–823 Emperor Saga Kamino Traditional dates.[53]
53 90823823–833 Emperor Junna Ōtomo Traditional dates.[54]
54 90833833–850 Emperor Ninmyō Masara Traditional dates.[55]
55 90850850–858 Emperor Montoku Michiyasu Traditional dates.[56]
56 90858858–876 Emperor Seiwa Korehito Traditional dates.[57]
57 90876876–884 Emperor Yōzei Sadaakira Traditional dates.[58]
58 90884884–887 Emperor Kōkō Tokiyasu Traditional dates.[59]
59 90887887–897 Emperor Uda Sadami Traditional dates.[60]
60 90897897–930 Emperor Daigo Atsuhito Traditional dates.[61]
61 90930930–946 Emperor Suzaku Yutaakira Traditional dates.[62]
62 90946946–967 Emperor Murakami Nariakira Traditional dates.[63]
63 90967967–969 Emperor Reizei Norihira Traditional dates.[64]
64 90969969–984 Emperor En'yū Morihira Traditional dates.[65]
65 90984984–986 Emperor Kazan Morosada Traditional dates.[66]
66 90986986–1011 Emperor Ichijō Yasuhito/Kanehito Traditional dates.[67]
67 910111011–1016 Emperor Sanjō Okisada/Iyasada Traditional dates.[68]
68 910161016–1036 Emperor Go-Ichijō Atsuhira Traditional dates.[69]
69 910361036–1045 Emperor Go-Suzaku Atsunaga/Atsuyoshi Traditional dates.[70]
70 910451045–1068 Emperor Go-Reizei Chikahito Traditional dates.[71]
71 910681068–1073 Emperor Go-Sanjō Takahito Traditional dates.[72]
72 910731073–1086 Emperor Shirakawa Sadahito Traditional dates.[73]
73 910871087–1107 Emperor Horikawa Taruhito Traditional dates.[74]
74 911071107–1123 Emperor Toba Munehito Traditional dates.[75]
75 911231123–1142 Emperor Sutoku Akihito Traditional dates.[76]
76 911421142–1155 Emperor Konoe Narihito Traditional dates.[77]
77 911551155–1158 Emperor Go-Shirakawa Masahito Traditional dates.[78]
78 911581158–1165 Emperor Nijō Morihito Traditional dates.[79]
79 911651165–1168 Emperor Rokujō Yorihito Traditional dates.[80]
80 911681168–1180 Emperor Takakura Norihito Traditional dates.[80]
81 911801180–1185 Emperor Antoku Tokihito Traditional dates.[81]
Kamakura Period (1185–1333)
82 911831183–1198 Emperor Go-Toba Takahira Traditional dates.[82]
83 911981198–1210 Emperor Tsuchimikado Tamehito Traditional dates.[83]
84 912101210–1221 Emperor Juntoku Morihira/Morinari Traditional dates.[84]
85 912211221 Emperor Chūkyō Kanehira/Kanenari Posthumously named (1870)[85]
86 912211221–1232 Emperor Go-Horikawa Yutahito Traditional dates.[86]
87 912321232–1242 Emperor Shijō Mitsuhito/Hidehito Traditional dates.[87]
88 912421242–1246 Emperor Go-Saga Kunihito Traditional dates.[88]
89 912461246–1260 Emperor Go-Fukakusa Hisahito Traditional dates.[89]
90 912601260–1274 Emperor Kameyama Tsunehito Traditional dates.[90]
91 912741274–1287 Emperor Go-Uda Yohito Traditional dates.[91]
92 912871287–1298 Emperor Fushimi Hirohito Traditional dates.[92]
93 912981298–1301 Emperor Go-Fushimi Tanehito Traditional dates.[93]
94 913011301–1308 Emperor Go-Nijō Kuniharu Traditional dates.[94]
95 913081308–1318 Emperor Hanazono Tomihito Traditional dates.[95]
96 913181318–1339 Emperor Go-Daigo Takaharu Traditional dates;[96] Southern Court
Northern Court (1333–1392)
0961 913311331–1333 Emperor Kōgon Kazuhito [97]
0962 913361336–1348 Emperor Kōmyō Yutahito [98]
0962 913481348–1351 Emperor Sukō Okihito [99]
0962 913511351–1352 Interregnum
0963 913521352–1371 Emperor Go-Kōgon Iyahito [100]
0964 913711371–1382 Emperor Go-En'yū Ohito [101]
0964 913821382–1392 Emperor Go-Komatsu Motohito Reunified courts in 1392, see 100 below[102]
Muromachi Period (1333–1573)
96 913181318–1339 Emperor Go-Daigo Takaharu Traditional dates;[96] Southern Court
97 913391339–1368 Emperor Go-Murakami Norinaga/Noriyoshi [103] Southern Court
98 913681368–1383 Emperor Chōkei Yutanari [104] Southern Court
99 913831383–1392 Emperor Go-Kameyama Hironari [105] Southern Court
100 913921392–1412 Emperor Go-Komatsu Motohito Reunified courts, see also entry in Northern Court section.[106]
101 914121412–1428 Emperor Shōkō Mihito Traditional dates.[107]
102 914281428–1464 Emperor Go-Hanazono Hikohito Traditional dates.[108]
103 914641464–1500 Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado Fusahito Traditional dates.[109]
104 915001500–1526 Emperor Go-Kashiwabara Katsuhito Traditional dates.[110]
105 915261526–1557 Emperor Go-Nara Tomohito Traditional dates.[111]
106 915571557–1586 Emperor Ōgimachi Michihito Traditional dates.[112]
Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573–1603)
106 915571557–1586 Emperor Ōgimachi Michihito Traditional dates.[112]
107 915861586–1611 Emperor Go-Yōzei Kazuhito/Katahito Traditional dates.[113]
Edo Period (1603–1868)
107 915861586–1611 Emperor Go-Yōzei Kazuhito/Katahito Traditional dates.[113]
108 916111611–1629 Emperor Go-Mizunoo
(Go-Minoo)		 Kotohito Traditional dates.[114]
109 916291629–1643 Empress Meishō Okiko Traditional dates.[115]
110 916431643–1654 Emperor Go-Kōmyō Tsuguhito Traditional dates.[116]
111 916551655–1663 Emperor Go-Sai Nagahito Traditional dates.[117]
112 916631663–1687 Emperor Reigen Satohito Traditional dates.[118]
113 916871687–1709 Emperor Higashiyama Asahito Traditional dates.[119]
114 917091709–1735 Emperor Nakamikado Yasuhito Traditional dates.[120]
115 917351735–1747 Emperor Sakuramachi Teruhito Traditional dates.[121]
116 917471747–1762 Emperor Momozono Toohito Traditional dates.[122]
117 917621762–1771 Empress Go-Sakuramachi Toshiko Traditional dates.[123]
118 917711771–1779 Emperor Go-Momozono Hidehito Traditional dates.[124]
119 917801780–1817 Emperor Kōkaku Tomohito Traditional dates.[125]
120 918171817–1846 Emperor Ninkō Ayahito Traditional dates.[126]
121 918461846–1867 Emperor Kōmei Osahito
Modern Japan (Imperial and Postwar) (1867–present)
122 918671867–1912 Emperor Meiji Mutsuhito First Emperor of the Empire of Japan.
123 919121912–1926 Emperor Taishō Yoshihito Crown Prince Hirohito served as Sesshō (Prince Regent) 1921–1926.
124 919261926–1989 Emperor Shōwa Hirohito Served as Sesshō (Prince Regent) 1921–1926. Last Emperor of the Empire of Japan.
125 919891989–present Emperor "Kinjō"
(Reigning monarch) 		Akihito Referred to as 'the Present Emperor' or Tenno Heika (i.e. His Majesty the Emperor) in Japanese and as Emperor Akihito in English. His posthumous name is likely to be Emperor Heisei.

Historians

Military leaders

Samurai

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

M

N

O

R

S

T

U

W

Y

Kamakura shoguns

Grave of Minamoto no Yoritomo
  1. Minamoto no Yoritomo, r. 1192-1199[127]
  2. Minamoto no Yoriie, r. 1202-1203[128]
  3. Minamoto no Sanetomo, r. 1203-1219[129]
  4. Kujō Yoritsune, r. 1226-1244[130]
  5. Kujō Yoritsugu, r. 1244-1252[131]
  6. Prince Munetaka, r. 1252-1266[132]
  7. Prince Koreyasu, r. 1266-1289[133]
  8. Prince Hisaakira, r. 1289-1308[134]
  9. Prince Morikuni, r. 1308-1333[135]
  10. Prince Morinaga, r.1333-1334[136]
  11. Prince Norinaga, r. 1334-1338

Kamakura shikken

Site of Hōjō Takatoki's death
  1. Hōjō Tokimasa, r. 1203-1205[137]
  2. Hōjō Yoshitoki, r. 1205-1224[138]
  3. Hōjō Yasutoki, r. 1224-1242[139]
  4. Hōjō Tsunetoki, r. 1242-1246[140]
  5. Hōjō Tokiyori, r. 1246-1256[141]
  6. Hōjō Tokimune, r. 1268-1284[142]
  7. Hōjō Sadatoki, r. 1284-1301[143]
  8. Hōjō Morotoki, r. 1301-1311[144]
  9. Hōjō Takatoki, r. 1316-1326[145]

Ashikaga shoguns

  1. Ashikaga Takauji, ruled 1338–1358[146]
  2. Ashikaga Yoshiakira, r. 1359–1368[147]
  3. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, r. 1368–1394[148]
  4. Ashikaga Yoshimochi, r. 1395–1423[149]
  5. Ashikaga Yoshikazu, r. 1423–1425[150]
  6. Ashikaga Yoshinori, r. 1429–1441[151]
  7. Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, r. 1442–1443[152]
  8. Ashikaga Yoshimasa, r. 1449–1473[153]
  9. Ashikaga Yoshihisa, r. 1474–1489[154]
  10. Ashikaga Yoshitane, r. 1490–1493, 1508–1521[155]
  11. Ashikaga Yoshizumi, r. 1494–1508[156]
  12. Ashikaga Yoshiharu, r. 1521–1546[157]
  13. Ashikaga Yoshiteru, r. 1546–1565[158]
  14. Ashikaga Yoshihide, r. 1568[159]
  15. Ashikaga Yoshiaki, r. 1568–1573[160]

Tokugawa shoguns

Number Tokugawas Took office Left office
1 Tokugawa Ieyasu 1603 1605
2 Tokugawa Hidetada 1605 1623
3 Tokugawa Iemitsu 1623 1651
4 Tokugawa Ietsuna 1651 1680
5 Tokugawa Tsunayoshi 1680 1709
6 Tokugawa Ienobu 1709 1712
7 Tokugawa Ietsugu 1713 1716
8 Tokugawa Yoshimune 1716 1745
9 Tokugawa Ieshige 1745 1760
10 Tokugawa Ieharu 1760 1786
11 Tokugawa Ienari 1786 1837
12 Tokugawa Ieyoshi 1837 1853
13 Tokugawa Iesada 1853 August 14, 1858
14 Tokugawa Iemochi August 14, 1858 August 29, 1866
15 Tokugawa Yoshinobu August 29, 1866 November 19, 1867

Over the course of the Edo period, influential relatives of the shogun included:

Pre-modern

Modern

Personalities

Comedians

Idols (male)

Idols (female)

Models

Musicians and singers (male)

Musicians and singers (female)

Tarento

Actors

Actresses

TV and radio personalities

Others

Politicians

Prime Ministers

Prime Ministers during the Meiji period (1868–1912)

Under the Meiji Emperor

№ Prime Minister Term of office Political Party Government Elected Ref
Portrait Name Took Office Left Office Days
1 Itō Hirobumi
伊藤 博文
Itō Hirobumi
(1841–1909)		 22 December 1885 30 April 1888 860 None 1. Itō I — [166]
The first Prime Minister of the Empire of Japan.
2 Kuroda Kiyotaka
黑田 清隆
Kuroda Kiyotaka
(1840–1900)		 30 April 1888 25 October 1889 543 None 2. Kuroda — [167]
Oversaw promulgation of the Meiji Constitution. Failed to secure revision of the unequal treaties; resigned.
— Sanjō Sanetomi
三條 實美
Sanjō Sanetomi
(1837–1891)		 25 October 1889 24 December 1889 60 None Sanjō (interim) —
Upon the resignation of Kuroda’s government, the Emperor only accepted Kuroda’s resignation and invited Sanjō to head the government for two more months. Today, however, Sanjō’s government is generally regarded as a continuation of Kuroda’s. Held concurrently by the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal.
3 Yamagata Aritomo
山縣 有朋
Yamagata Aritomo
(1838–1922)		 24 December 1889 6 May 1891 498 None 3. Yamagata I 1890 [168]
4 Matsukata Masayoshi
松方 正義
Matsukata Masayoshi
(1835–1924)		 6 May 1891 8 August 1892 460 None 4. Matsukata I 1892 [169]
(1) Itō Hirobumi
伊藤 博文
Itō Hirobumi
(1841–1909)		 8 August 1892 31 August 1896 1484 None 5. Itō II Mar. 1894
Sept. 1894		 [166]
Resigned.
During this interval, Privy Council Chairman Kuroda Kiyotaka (黑田 清隆 Kuroda Kiyotaka) was the Acting Prime Minister.
(4) Matsukata Masayoshi
松方 正義
Matsukata Masayoshi
(1835–1924)		 18 September 1896 12 January 1898 481 None 6. Matsukata II — [169]
(1) Itō Hirobumi
伊藤 博文
Itō Hirobumi
(1841–1909)		 12 January 1898 30 June 1898 169 None 7. Itō III Mar. 1898 [166]
5 Ōkuma Shigenobu
大隈 重信
Ōkuma Shigenobu
(1838–1922)		 30 June 1898 8 November 1898 131 Kenseitō 8. Ōkuma I Sept. 1898 [170]
(3) Yamagata Aritomo
山縣 有朋
Yamagata Aritomo
(1838–1922)		 8 November 1898 19 October 1900 710 None 9. Yamagata II — [168]
(1) Itō Hirobumi
伊藤 博文
Itō Hirobumi
(1841–1909)		 19 October 1900 10 May 1901 203 Rikken Seiyūkai 10. Itō IV — [166]
Resigned.
During this interval, Privy Council Chairman Saionji Kinmochi (西園寺 公望 Saionji Kinmochi) was the Acting Prime Minister.
6 Katsura Tarō
桂 太郎
Katsura Tarō
(1848–1913)		 2 June 1901 7 January 1906 1680 None (Retired General) 11. Katsura I 1902
1903
1904		 [171]
7 Saionji Kinmochi
西園寺 公望
Saionji Kinmochi
(1849–1940)		 7 January 1906 14 July 1908 919 Rikken Seiyūkai 12. Saionji I 1908 [172]
(6) Katsura Tarō
桂 太郎
Katsura Tarō
(1848–1913)		 14 July 1908 30 August 1911 1142 None (Retired General) 13. Katsura II — [171]
(7) Saionji Kinmochi
西園寺 公望
Saionji Kinmochi
(1849–1940)		 30 August 1911 21 December 1912 479 Rikken Seiyūkai 14. Saionji II 1912 [172]

Prime Ministers during the Taishō period (1912–1926)

Under the Taishō Emperor

№ Prime Minister Term of office Political Party Government Elected Ref
Portrait Name Took Office Left Office Days
(6) Katsura Tarō
桂 太郎
Katsura Tarō
(1848–1913)		 21 December 1912 20 February 1913 61 None (Retired General) 15. Katsura III — [171]
8 Yamamoto Gonnohyōe
山本 權兵衛
Yamamoto Gonnohyōe
(1852–1933)		 20 February 1913 16 April 1914 420 Military (Navy) 16. Yamamoto I — [173]
(5) Ōkuma Shigenobu
大隈 重信
Ōkuma Shigenobu
(1838–1922)		 16 April 1914 9 October 1916 907 Rikken Dōshikai 17. Ōkuma II 1915 [170]
9 Terauchi Masatake
寺内 正毅
Terauchi Masatake
(1852–1919)		 9 October 1916 29 September 1918 720 Military (Army) 18. Terauchi 1917 [174]
10 Hara Takashi
原 敬
Hara Takashi
(1856–1921)		 29 September 1918 4 November 1921 1132 Rikken Seiyūkai 19. Hara 1920 [175]
Assassinated.
During this interval, Foreign Minister Uchida Kosai (内田 康哉 Uchida Kōsai) was the Acting Prime Minister.
11 Takahashi Korekiyo
高橋 是清
Takahashi Korekiyo
(1854–1936)		 13 November 1921 12 June 1922 220 Rikken Seiyūkai 20. Takahashi — [176]
12 Katō Tomosaburō
加藤 友三郎
Katō Tomosaburō
(1861–1923)		 12 June 1922 24 August 1923 438 Military (Navy) 21. Katō To. — [177]
Died in office of natural causes.
During this interval, Foreign Minister Uchida Kosai (内田 康哉 Uchida Kōsai) was the Acting Prime Minister.
(8) Yamamoto Gonnohyōe
山本 權兵衛
Yamamoto Gonnohyōe
(1852–1933)		 2 September 1923 7 January 1924 125 Military (Navy) 22. Yamamoto II — [173]
13 Kiyoura Keigo
清浦 奎吾
Kiyoura Keigo
(1850–1942)		 7 January 1924 11 June 1924 156 None 23. Kiyoura 1924 [178]
14 Katō Takaaki
加藤 高明
Katō Takaaki
(1860–1926)		 11 June 1924 2 August 1925 596 Kenseikai 24. Katō Ta. — [179]
2 August 1925 28 January 1926
Resigned after the “Grand Coalition of the Three Pro-Constitution Parties” collapsed. Katō was then reinvited by the Prince Regent to form a new government with his own party, Kenseitō. Today, however, his second term is generally regarded as continuation of his first. Died in office of natural causes.
During this interval, Interior Minister Wakatsuki Reijirō (若槻 禮次郎 Wakatsuki Reijirō) was the Acting Prime Minister.
15 Wakatsuki Reijirō
若槻 禮次郎
Wakatsuki Reijirō
(1866–1949)		 30 January 1926 20 April 1927 445 Kenseikai 25. Wakatsuki I — [180]

Prime Ministers during the Shōwa period (1926–1947)

Under the Shōwa Emperor

№ Prime Minister Term of office Political Party Government Elected Ref
Portrait Name Took Office Left Office Days
16 Tanaka Giichi
田中 義一
Tanaka Giichi
(1864–1929)		 20 April 1927 2 July 1929 804 Rikken Seiyūkai 26. Tanaka G. 1928 [181]
17 Osachi Hamaguchi
濱口 雄幸
Hamaguchi Osachi
(1870–1931)		 2 July 1929 14 April 1931 651 Rikken Minseitō 27. Hamaguchi 1930 [182]
Incapacitated due to serious wound from assassination plot on 14 November 1930. Foreign Minister Shidehara Kijūrō served as Deputy Prime Minister until Hamaguchi’s return to the office on 10 March 1931.
(15) Wakatsuki Reijirō
若槻 禮次郎
Wakatsuki Reijirō
(1866–1949)		 14 April 1931 13 December 1931 243 Rikken Minseitō 28. Wakatsuki II — [180]
18 Inukai Tsuyoshi
犬養 毅
Inukai Tsuyoshi
(1855–1932)		 13 December 1931 15 May 1932 154 Rikken Seiyūkai 29. Inukai 1932 [183]
Assassinated.
During this interval, Finance Minister Takahashi Korekiyo (高橋 是清 Takahashi Korekiyo) was the Acting Prime Minister.
19 Saitō Makoto
齋藤 實
Saitō Makoto
(1858–1936)		 26 May 1932 8 July 1934 773 Military (Navy) 30. Saitō — [184]
20 Keisuke Okada
岡田 啓介
Okada Keisuke
(1868–1952)		 8 July 1934 9 March 1936 610 Military (Navy) 31. Okada 1936 [185]
Thought to be killed by renegade soldiers during the February 26 Incident. Interior Minister Gotō Fumio served as Deputy Prime Minister until Okada was found alive on 28 February 1936.
21 Kōki Hirota
廣田 弘毅
Hirota Kōki
(1878–1948)		 9 March 1936 2 February 1937 330 None 32. Hirota — [186]
22 Senjūrō Hayashi
林 銑十郎
Hayashi Senjūrō
(1876–1943)		 2 February 1937 4 June 1937 122 Military (Army) 33. Hayashi 1937 [187]
23 Fumimaro Konoe
近衞 文麿
Konoe Fumimaro
(1891–1945)		 4 June 1937 5 January 1939 580 None 34. Konoe I — [188]
24 Hiranuma Kiichirō
平沼 騏一郎
Hiranuma Kiichirō
(1867–1952)		 5 January 1939 30 August 1939 237 None 35. Hiranuma — [189]
25 Nobuyuki Abe
阿部 信行
Abe Nobuyuki
(1875–1953)		 30 August 1939 16 January 1940 139 Military (Army) 36. Abe N. — [190]
26 Mitsumasa Yonai
米内 光政
Yonai Mitsumasa
(1880–1948)		 16 January 1940 22 July 1940 188 Military (Navy) 37. Yonai — [191]
(23) Fumimaro Konoe
近衞 文麿
Konoe Fumimaro
(1891–1945)		 22 July 1940 18 July 1941 453 Taisei Yokusankai 38. Konoe II — [188]
18 July 1941 18 October 1941 39. Konoe III —
27 Hideki Tōjō
東條 英機
Tōjō Hideki
(1884–1948)		 18 October 1941 22 July 1944 1008 Taisei Yokusankai 40. Tōjō 1942 [192]
28 Kuniaki Koiso
小磯 國昭
Koiso Kuniaki
(1880–1950)		 22 July 1944 7 April 1945 259 Military (Army) 41. Koiso — [193]
29 Kantarō Suzuki
鈴木 貫太郎
Suzuki Kantarō
(1868–1948)		 7 April 1945 17 August 1945 132 Taisei Yokusankai 42. Suzuki K. — [194]
30 Higashikuni Naruhiko
東久邇宮 稔彦 王
Higashikuni no miya Naruhiko ō
(1887–1990)		 17 August 1945 9 October 1945 53 Imperial Family 43. Higashikuni — [195]
The only member of the Imperial Family to serve as Prime Minister.
31 Kijūrō Shidehara
幣原 喜重郎
Shidehara Kijūrō
(1872–1951)		 9 October 1945 22 May 1946 225 None 44. Shidehara — [196]
32 Shigeru Yoshida
吉田 茂
Yoshida Shigeru
(1878–1967)		 22 May 1946 24 May 1947 367 Japan Liberal 45. Yoshida I 1946 [197]

Prime Ministers during the Shōwa period (1947–1989)

Under the Shōwa Emperor

№ Prime Minister Term of office Political Party Government Elected Ref
Portrait Name Took Office Left Office Days Gen. Coun.
33 Tetsu Katayama
片山 哲
Katayama Tetsu
(1887–1978)
Rep for Kanagawa 3rd		 24 May 1947 10 March 1948 291 JSP
Nihon Shakaitō		 46. Katayama
JSP–DP–PCP		 1947 1947 [198]
Under Allied Occupation. The first Prime Minister and the first socialist to serve as Prime Minister of Japan. Member of Diet from 1930 to 1963. Formed a coalition government with the Democratic Party and the People's Cooperative Party.
34 Hitoshi Ashida
芦田 均
Ashida Hitoshi
(1887–1959)
Rep for Kyōto 2nd		 10 March 1948 15 October 1948 219 DP
Minshutō		 47. Ashida
DP–JSP–PCP		 — — [199]
Under Allied Occupation. Ashida's cabinet resigned after seven months in office, due to alleged ministerial corruption in the Showa Electric scandal.
(32) Shigeru Yoshida
吉田 茂
Yoshida Shigeru
(1878–1967)
Rep for Kōchi At-large		 15 October 1948 16 February 1949 2247 DLP
Minshu Jiyūtō		 48. Yoshida II
DLP		 — — [197]
16 February 1949 30 October 1952 Liberal
Jiyūtō		 49. Yoshida III
(Reshuffle 1 · 2 · 3)
DLP/Lib.–DP		 1949 1950
30 October 1952 21 May 1953 50. Yoshida IV
Liberal		 1952 —
21 May 1953 10 December 1954 51. Yoshida V
Liberal		 1953 1953
Under Allied Occupation until the Treaty of San Francisco came into force on 28 April 1952. Developed the Yoshida Doctrine, prioritising economic development and reliance on United States military protection.
35 Ichirō Hatoyama
鳩山 一郎
Hatoyama Ichirō
(1883–1959)
Rep for Tokyo 1st		 10 December 1954 19 March 1955 744 JDP
Nihon Minshutō		 52. Hatoyama I. I
JDP		 — — [200]
19 March 1955 22 November 1955 53. Hatoyama I. II
JDP		 1955 —
22 November 1955 23 December 1956 LDP
Jimintō		 54. Hatoyama I. III
LDP		 — —
Rebuilt diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union. Favored parole for some of the Class A war criminals who had been sentenced to life imprisonment at the Tokyo Trial.
36 Tanzan Ishibashi
石橋 湛山
Ishibashi Tanzan
(1884–1973)
Rep for Shizuoka 2nd		 23 December 1956 25 February 1957 64 LDP
Jimintō		 55. Ishibashi
LDP		 — 1956 [201]
Incapacitated due to minor stroke on 31 January 1957. Foreign Minister Kishi Nobusuke served as Deputy Prime Minister until 25 February 1957.
37 Nobusuke Kishi
岸 信介
Kishi Nobusuke
(1896–1987)
Rep for Yamaguchi 1st		 25 February 1957 12 June 1958 1240 LDP
Jimintō		 56. Kishi I
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 — — [202]
12 June 1958 19 July 1960 57. Kishi II
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 1958 1959
38 Hayato Ikeda
池田 勇人
Ikeda Hayato
(1899–1965)
Rep for Hiroshima 2nd		 19 July 1960 8 December 1960 1574 LDP
Jimintō		 58. Ikeda I
LDP		 — — [203]
8 December 1960 9 December 1963 59. Ikeda II
(Reshuffle 1 · 2 · 3)
LDP		 1960 1962
9 December 1963 9 November 1964 60. Ikeda III
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 1963 —
39 Eisaku Satō
佐藤 榮作
Satō Eisaku
(1901–1975)
Rep for Yamaguchi 2nd		 9 November 1964 17 February 1967 2797 LDP
Jimintō		 61. Satō I
(Reshuffle 1 · 2 · 3)
LDP		 — 1965 [204]
17 February 1967 14 January 1970 62. Satō II
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
LDP		 1967 1968
14 January 1970 7 July 1972 63. Satō III
(Reshuffle)		 1969 1971
40 Kakuei Tanaka
田中 角榮
Tanaka Kakuei
(1918–1993)
Rep for Niigata 3rd		 7 July 1972 22 December 1972 885 LDP
Jimintō		 64. Tanaka K. I
LDP		 — — [205]
22 December 1972 9 December 1974 65. Tanaka K. II
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
LDP		 1972 —
41 Takeo Miki
三木 武夫
Miki Takeo
(1907–1988)
Rep for Tokushima At-large		 9 December 1974 24 December 1976 746 LDP
Jimintō		 66. Miki
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 — 1974 [206]
42 Takeo Fukuda
福田 赳夫
Fukuda Takeo
(1905–1995)
Rep for Gunma 3rd		 24 December 1976 7 December 1978 713 LDP
Jimintō		 67. Fukuda T.
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 1976 1977 [207]
43 Masayoshi Ōhira
大平 正芳
Ōhira Masayoshi
(1910–1980)
Rep for Kagawa 2nd		 7 December 1978 9 November 1979 553 LDP
Jimintō		 68. Ōhira I
LDP		 — — [208]
9 November 1979 12 June 1980 69. Ōhira II
LDP		 1979 —
Died in office of natural causes.
During this interval, Chief Cabinet Secretary Masayoshi Ito (伊東 正義 Itō Masayoshi) was the Acting Prime Minister.
44 Zenkō Suzuki
鈴木 善幸
Suzuki Zenkō
(1911–2004)
Rep for Iwate 1st		 17 July 1980 27 November 1982 863 LDP
Jimintō		 70. Suzuki Z.
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 1980 1980 [209]
45 Yasuhiro Nakasone
中曽根　康弘
Nakasone Yasuhiro
(1918– )
Rep for Gunma 3rd		 27 November 1982 27 December 1983 1805 LDP
Jimintō		 71. Nakasone I
LDP		 — — [210]
27 December 1983 22 July 1986 72. Nakasone II
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
LDP–NLC		 1983 1983
22 July 1986 6 November 1987 73. Nakasone III
LDP		 1986 1986
46 Noboru Takeshita
竹下 登
Takeshita Noboru
(1924–2000)
Rep for Shimane At-large		 6 November 1987 3 June 1989 575 LDP
Jimintō		 74. Takeshita
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 — — [211]

Prime Ministers during the Heisei period (1989–present)

Under Emperor Akihito

№ Prime Minister Term of office Political Party Government Elected Ref
Portrait Name Took Office Left Office Days Gen. Coun.
47 Sōsuke Uno
宇野 宗佑
Uno Sōsuke
(1922–1998)
Rep for Shiga At-large		 3 June 1989 10 August 1989 68 LDP
Jimintō		 75. Uno
LDP		 — 1989 [212]
Soon after he was elected Prime Minister, allegations arose that he had an extramarital relationship with a geisha, which damaged his reputation and his party's performance in the 1989 House of Councillors election, for which he resigned. He died in 1998. Served as Minister of Defense (1974), Chief of the Science and Technology Agency (1976–1977), Chief of the Civil Administration Agency (1979–1980), Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry (1983), and Minister for Foreign Affairs (1987–1989). Member of the Diet from 1960 to 1996.
48 Toshiki Kaifu
海部 俊樹
Kaifu Toshiki
(1931– )
Rep for Aichi 3rd		 10 August 1989 28 February 1990 817 LDP
Jimintō		 76. Kaifu I
LDP		 — — [213]
28 February 1990 5 November 1991 77. Kaifu II
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 1990 —
Defeated in 2009, he was the longest-serving member of the lower house of the Diet, and he was also the first former prime minister to be defeated at a re-election since 1963. Served as Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary (1974–1976), Minister of Education (1976–1977, 1985–1986). Member of the Diet from 1960 to 2009.
49 Kiichi Miyazawa
宮澤 喜一
Miyazawa Kiichi
(1919–2007)
Rep for Hiroshima 3rd		 5 November 1991 9 August 1993 643 LDP
Jimintō		 78. Kiichi
(Reshuffle)
LDP		 — 1992 [214]
Originally a bureaucrat in the Treasury Ministry, he accompanied Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida at the Treaty of San Francisco. A firm critic of the revision of the constitution, he advocated peace throughout his political career. After his party's stunning defeat in the 1993 general election, he was forced to resign the Prime Ministership, but became Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Keizo Obuchi and Yoshiro Mori from 1998 to 2001. He died in 2007. Served as Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry (1962–1964, 1966–1968, 1970–1971, 1977–1978), Chief Cabinet Secretary (1980–1982), Minister of Finance (1986–1988), Minister of Posts and Telecommunications (1993) and Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (1993). Member of the House of Councillors (1952–1965). Member of the House of Representatives (1967–2003).
50 Morihiro Hosokawa
細川 護熙
Hosokawa Morihiro
(1938– )
Rep for Kumamoto 1st		 9 August 1993 28 April 1994 262 JNP
Nihon Shintō		 79. Hosokawa
JNP–JSP–JRP–Komeitō–NPS–DSP–SDF		 1993 — [215]
He is a member of a noble family that ruled Kumamoto since Medieval times, and during Imperial Japan, his family was part of the aristocracy, his grandfather Konoe Fumimaro having served as Prime Minister (1937–1939, 1940–1941). Originally member of the Liberal Democratic Party, he left the party in 1992 to form the Japan New Party, which garnered 35 members in the 1993 general election. He served as Prime Minister in 8-party coalition government and spearheaded a reform to change the electoral system. He resigned after allegations arose that he had misused personal funds in the 1980s. Served as Governor of Kumamoto Prefecture (1983–1991). Member of the House of Councilors from 1971 to 1983 and 1992 to 1993. Member of the House of Representatives from 1993 to 1998.
51 Tsutomu Hata
羽田 孜
Hata Tsutomu
(1935– )
Rep for Nagano 2nd		 28 April 1994 30 June 1994 63 JRP
Shinseitō		 80. Hata
JRP–JNP–JSP–SDP–SDF–Komeitō–NPS		 — — [216]
Originally member of the Liberal Democratic Party, he left the party in 1993 with Ichirō Ozawa to establish the Japan Renewal Party, which garnered 44 seats in the 1993 general election. He served as Minister for Foreign Affairs in the cabinet of Morihiro Hosokawa, until the latter resigned after his implication in a banking scandal. Hata then assumed the Prime Ministership, but since the Socialist Party had left the coalition, his minority government was forced to resign after a non-confidence vote had passed. Currently a member of the Democratic Party of Japan, he is now one of the elder politicians of the party. Served as Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (1985–1986, 1988–1989), Minister of Finance (1991–1992), and Minister for Foreign Affairs. Member of the Diet from 1969 to 2012.
52 Tomiichi Murayama
村山 富市
Murayama Tomiichi
(1924– )
Rep for Ōita 1st		 30 June 1994 11 January 1996 560 JSP
Nihon Shakaitō		 81. Murayama
(Reshuffle)
JSP–LDP–NPS		 — 1995 [217]
Presided over a coalition that consisted of the Liberal Democratic Party, the Socialist Party, and the New Party Sakigake. During his tenure, the Great Hanshin earthquake erupted and a Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway occurred that left 13 dead. He resigned after his party suffered defeat in the 1996 general election. Served as General Secretary of the Socialist Party. Member of the Diet from 1972 to 2000.
53 Ryutaro Hashimoto
橋本 龍太郎
Hashimoto Ryūtarō
(1937–2006)
Rep for Okayama 4th		 11 January 1996 7 November 1996 931 LDP
Jimintō		 82. Hashimoto I
LDP–JSP–NPS		 — — [218]
7 November 1996 30 July 1998 83. Hashimoto II
(Reshuffle)
LDP–JSP–NPS		 1996 —
He spearheaded widespread reforms during his tenure, including reforms to restructure the health, finance, and the bureaucratic system. He resigned after his party suffered massive defeat in the 1998 House of Councilors Election. He died in 2006. Served as Minister of Health (1978–1979), Minister of Transportation (1986–1987), Minister of Finance (1989–1991), Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry (1994–1996). Member of the Diet from 1963 to 2005.
54 Keizō Obuchi
小渕 恵三
Obuchi Keizō
(1937–2000)
Rep for Gunma 5th		 30 July 1998 5 April 2000 615 LDP
Jimintō		 84. Obuchi
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
LDP–(Lib.–NKP)		 — 1998 [219]
His government was credited with stimulating the economy after a depression caused by the bubble crash. After suffering from a stroke, he fell into a coma on 3 April, and died on 14 May 2000. Chief Cabinet Secretary Aoki Mikio served as Deputy Prime Minister until 5 April. Served as Chief of the Okinawa Development Agency (1979–1980), Minister of the Prime Minister's Office (1979–1980), Chief Cabinet Secretary (1987–1989), and Minister for Foreign Affairs (1997–1998). Member of the Diet from 1963 to 2000.
55 Yoshirō Mori
森 喜朗
Mori Yoshirō
(1937– )
Rep for Ishikawa 2nd		 5 April 2000 4 July 2000 386 LDP
Jimintō		 85. Mori I
LDP–NKP–NCP		 — — [220]
4 July 2000 26 April 2001 86. Mori II
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
LDP–NKP–NCP		 2000 —
His appointment was decided after a secret meeting by major power brokers within the Liberal Democratic Party after the unexpected death of Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi. His gaffes and his government's low legitimacy was detrimental to his government's approval ratings, for which he resigned in 2001. Served as Minister of Education (1983–1984), Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry (1992–1993), Minister of Construction (1995–1996). Member of the Diet from 1969 to 2012.
56 Junichiro Koizumi
小泉 純一郎
Koizumi Jun'ichirō
(1942– )
Rep for Kanagawa 11th		 26 April 2001 19 November 2003 1979 LDP
Jimintō		 87. Koizumi I
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
LDP–NKP–NCP		 — 2001 [221]
19 November 2003 21 September 2005 88. Koizumi II
(Reshuffle)
LDP–NKP		 2003 2004
21 September 2005 26 September 2006 89. Koizumi III
(Reshuffle)
LDP–NKP		 2005 —
Resigned due to term limits of the Presidency of the Liberal Democratic Party. Served as Vice Minister of Finance (1979), Minister of Health and Welfare (1988–1989), Minister of Posts and Telecommunications (1992), Minister of Health and Welfare (1996–1998), and Minister of Foreign Affairs (2002). Member of Diet from 1972 to 2009.
57 Shinzō Abe
安倍 晋三
Abe Shinzō
(1954– )
Rep for Yamaguchi 4th		 26 September 2006 26 September 2007 365 LDP
Jimintō		 90. Abe S. I
(Reshuffle)
LDP–NKP		 — 2007 [222]
Resigned after suffering from low approval ratings and poor health. Served as Chief Cabinet Secretary (2005–2006). Member of Diet since 1993.
58 Yasuo Fukuda
福田 康夫
Fukuda Yasuo
(1936– )
Rep for Gunma 4th		 26 September 2007 24 September 2008 364 LDP
Jimintō		 91. Fukuda Y.
(Reshuffle)
LDP–NKP		 — — [223]
Resigned after asserting the need to improve the flow of the political process. Served as Minister for Okinawa Development (2000), Chief Cabinet Secretary (2000–2004), and Minister of State for Gender Equality and Social Affairs (2001–2004). Member of Diet from 1990 to 2012.
59 Tarō Asō
麻生 太郎
Asō Tarō
(1940– )
Rep for Fukuoka 8th		 24 September 2008 16 September 2009 357 LDP
Jimintō		 92. Asō
LDP–NKP		 — — [224]
Resigned after the 2009 general election to accept the responsibility for the worst defeat of the history of the Liberal Democratic Party. Served as Director of Economic Planning Agency (1996–1997), Minister in charge of Economic and Financial Policies (2001), Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications (2003–2005), and Minister of Foreign Affairs (2005–2007). Member of Diet since 1979.
60 Yukio Hatoyama
鳩山 由紀夫
Hatoyama Yukio
(1947– )
Rep for Hokkaido 9th		 16 September 2009 8 June 2010 265 DPJ
Minshutō		 93. Hatoyama Y.
DPJ–SDP–PNP		 2009 — [225]
Won a majority in the 2009 general election defeating Tarō Asō (LDP). Resigned after public uproar was spurred after he broke a campaign promise to close Marine Corps Air Station Futenma in Okinawa Prefecture. Member of Diet from 1986 to 2012.
61 Naoto Kan
菅 直人
Kan Naoto
(1946– )
Rep for Tokyo 18th		 8 June 2010 2 September 2011 451 DPJ
Minshutō		 94. Kan
(Reshuffle 1 · 2)
DPJ–PNP		 — 2010 [226]
Resigned due to poor approval rate and handling of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. Served as Minister of Health and Welfare (1996), Deputy Prime Minister of Japan (2009–2010), Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy (2009–2010), Minister of State in charge of National Strategy (2009–2010), Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy (2009–2010), and Minister of Finance (2010). Member of Diet since 1980.
62 Yoshihiko Noda
野田 佳彦
Noda Yoshihiko
(1957– )
Rep for Chiba 4th		 2 September 2011 26 December 2012 481 DPJ
Minshutō		 95. Noda
(Reshuffle 1 · 2 · 3)
DPJ–PNP		 — — [227]
Resigned after the 2012 general election to accept the responsibility for the defeat of the Democratic Party. Served as Senior Vice Minister of Finance (2009–2010) and Minister of Finance (2010–2011). Member of Diet since 1993.

Politicians

Religious leaders

Scientists

Mathematicians

Economists

Other notables

Other Japanese

References

  1. ↑ Brown, Delmer M. (1979). Gukanshō, p. 249; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 84-88; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 1-3.
  2. ↑ Brown, pp. 250-251; Varley, pp.88-89; Titisingh, pp. 3-4.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, p. 248.
  4. 1 2 Brown, p. 251; Varley, p. 89; Titsingh, p. 4.
  5. ↑ Brown, p. 251; Varley, p. 90; Titsingh, pp. 4-5.
  6. ↑ Brown, pp. 251-252; Varley, p. 90; Titsingh, p. 5.
  7. ↑ Brown, p. 252; Varley, pp. 90–92; Titsingh, pp. 5–6.
  8. ↑ Brown, p. 251; Varley, pp. 92–93; Titsingh, p. 6.
  9. ↑ Brown, p. 251; Varley, p. 93; Titsingh, pp. 6–7.
  10. ↑ Brown, p. 253; Varley, pp. 93–95; Titsingh, pp. 7–9.
  11. ↑ Brown, pp. 253–254; Varley, pp. 95–96; Titsingh, pp. 9–10.
  12. ↑ Brown, p. 254; Varley, pp. 96–99; Titsingh, pp. 11–14.
  13. ↑ Brown, p. 254; Varley, pp. 99–100; Titsingh, pp. 14–15.
  14. ↑ Brown, pp. 254–255; Varley, pp. 100–101; Titsingh, p. 15.
  15. ↑ Brown, p. 255; Varley, pp. 101–103; Titsingh, pp. 16–19.
  16. ↑ Brown, pp. 255–256; Varley, pp. 17, 103–110; Titsingh, pp. 19–21.
  17. ↑ Brown, pp. 256–257; Varley, pp. 110–111; Titsingh, pp. 22–24.
  18. ↑ Brown, p. 257; Varley, p. 111; Titsingh, pp. 24–25.
  19. ↑ Brown, p. 257; Varley, p. 112; Titsingh, p. 25.
  20. ↑ Brown, pp. 257–258; Varley, p. 112; Titsingh, p. 26.
  21. ↑ Brown, p. 258; Varley, p. 113; Titsingh, p. 26.
  22. ↑ Brown, p. 258; Varley, pp. 113–115; Titsingh, pp. 27–28.
  23. ↑ Brown, p. 258–259; Varley, pp. 115–116; Titsingh, pp. 28–29.
  24. ↑ Brown, p. 259; Varley, p. 116; Titsingh, pp. 29–30.
  25. ↑ Brown, pp. 259–260; Varley, p. 117; Titsingh, p. 30.
  26. ↑ Brown, p. 260; Varley, pp. 117–118; Titsingh, p. 31.
  27. ↑ Brown, pp. 260–261; Varley, pp. 17–18, 119–120; Titsingh, p. 31–32.
  28. ↑ Brown, p. 261; Varley, pp. 120–121; Brown, p. 261; Titsingh, p. 33.
  29. ↑ Brown, p. 261; Varley, p. 121; Titsingh, p. 33–34.
  30. ↑ Brown, pp. 261–262; Varley, pp. 123–124; Titsingh, p. 34–36.
  31. ↑ Varley, pp. 124–125; Brown, pp. 262–263; Titsingh, p. 36–37.
  32. ↑ Brown, p. 263; Varley, pp. 125–126; Titsingh, p. 37–38.
  33. ↑ Brown, p. 263; Varley, p. 126; Titsingh, p. 38–39.
  34. ↑ Brown, pp. 263–264; Varley, pp. 126–129; Titsingh, pp. 39–42.
  35. ↑ Brown, pp. 264–265; Varley, pp. 129–130; Titsingh, pp. 42–43.
  36. ↑ Brown, pp. 265–266; Varley, pp. 130–132; Titsingh, pp. 43–47.
  37. ↑ Brown, pp. 266–267; Varley, pp. 132–133; Titsingh, pp. 47–50.
  38. ↑ Brown, p. 267; Varley, pp. 133–134; Titsingh, pp. 50–52.
  39. ↑ Brown, p. 268; Varley, p. 135; Titsingh, pp. 52–56.
  40. ↑ Brown, pp. 268–269; Varley, pp. 135–136; Titsingh, pp. 56–58.
  41. ↑ Brown, pp. 268–269; Varley, pp. 135–136; Titsingh, pp. 58–59.
  42. ↑ Brown, pp. 269–270; Varley, pp. 136–137; Titsingh, pp. 59–60.
  43. ↑ Brown, pp. 270–271; Varley, pp. 137–140; Titsingh, pp. 60–63.
  44. 1 2 Brown, p. 271; Varley, p. 140; Titsingh, pp. 63–65.
  45. ↑ Brown, p. 271–272; Varley, pp. 140–141; Titsingh, pp. 65–67.
  46. ↑ Brown, pp. 272–273; Varley, pp. 141–143; Titsingh, pp. 67–73.
  47. ↑ Brown, pp. 274–275; Varley, p. 143; Titsingh, pp. 73–75.
  48. ↑ Brown, p. 275; Varley, pp. 143–144; Titsingh, pp. 75–78.
  49. ↑ Brown, p. 276; Varley, pp. 144–147; Titsingh, pp. 78–81.
  50. ↑ Brown, p. 276–277; Varley, pp. 147–148; Titsingh, pp. 81–85.
  51. 1 2 Brown, pp. 277–279; Varley, pp. 148–150; Titsingh, pp. 86–95.
  52. ↑ Brown, pp. 279–280; Varley, p. 151; Titsingh, pp. 96–97.
  53. ↑ Brown, pp. 280–282; Varley, pp. 151–164; Titsingh, pp. 97–102.
  54. ↑ Brown, p. 282–283; Varley, p. 164; Titsingh, pp. 103–106.
  55. ↑ Brown, pp. 283–284; Varley, pp. 164–165; Titsingh, pp. 106–112.
  56. ↑ Brown, pp. 285–286; Varley, p. 165; Titsingh, pp. 112–115.
  57. ↑ Brown, pp. 286–288; Varley, pp. 166–170; Titsingh, pp. 115–121.
  58. ↑ Brown, pp. 288–289; Varley, pp. 170–171; Titsingh, pp. 121–124.
  59. ↑ Brown, p. 289; Varley, pp. 171–175; Titsingh, pp. 124–125.
  60. ↑ Brown, p. 289–290; Varley, pp. 175–179; Titsingh, pp. 125–129.
  61. ↑ Brown, pp. 290–293; Varley, pp. 179–181; Titsingh, pp. 129–134.
  62. ↑ Brown, pp. 294–295; Varley, pp. 181–183; Titsingh, pp. 134–138.
  63. ↑ Brown, pp. 295–298; Varley, pp. 183–190; Titsingh, pp. 139–142.
  64. ↑ Brown, p. 298; Varley, pp. 190–191; Titsingh, pp. 142–143.
  65. ↑ Brown, pp. 299–300; Varley, pp. 191–192; Titsingh, pp. 144–148.
  66. ↑ Brown, pp. 300–302; Varley, p. 192; Titsingh, pp. 148–149.
  67. ↑ Brown, pp. 302–307; Varley, pp. 192–195; Titsingh, pp. 150–154.
  68. ↑ Brown, p. 307; Varley, p. 195; Titsingh, pp. 154–155.
  69. ↑ Brown, pp. 307–310; Varley, pp. 195–196; Titsingh, pp. 156–160.
  70. ↑ Brown, pp. 310–311; Varley, p. 197; Titsingh, pp. 160–162.
  71. ↑ Brown, pp. 311–314; Varley, pp. 197–198; Titsingh, pp. 162–166.
  72. ↑ Brown, pp. 314–315; Varley, pp. 198–199; Titsingh, pp. 166–168.
  73. ↑ Brown, pp. 315–317; Varley, pp. 199–202; Titsingh, pp. 169–171.
  74. ↑ Brown, pp. 317–320; Varley, p. 202; Titsingh, pp. 172–178.
  75. ↑ Brown, pp. 320–322; Varley, pp. 203–204; Titsingh, pp. 178–181.
  76. ↑ Brown, pp. 322–324; Varley, pp. 204–205; Titsingh, pp. 181–185.
  77. ↑ Brown, pp. 324–326; Varley, p. 205; Titsingh, pp. 186–188.
  78. ↑ Brown, p. 326–327; Varley, pp. 205–208; Titsingh, pp. 188–190.
  79. ↑ Brown, pp. 327–329; Varley, pp. 208–212; Titsingh, pp. 191–194.
  80. 1 2 Brown, pp. 329–330; Varley, p. 212; Titsingh, pp. 194–195.
  81. ↑ Brown, pp. 333–334; Varley, pp. 214–215; Titsingh, pp. 200–207.
  82. ↑ Brown, pp. 334–339; Varley, pp. 215–220; Titsingh, pp. 207–221.
  83. ↑ Brown, pp. 339–341; Varley, pp 220; Titsingh, pp. 221–230.
  84. ↑ Brown, pp. 341–343, Varley, pp. 221–223; Titsingh, pp 230–238.
  85. ↑ Brown, pp. 343–344; Varley, pp. 223–226; Titsingh, pp. 236–238.
  86. ↑ Brown, pp. 344–349; Varley, pp. 226–227; Titsingh, pp. 238–241.
  87. ↑ Varley, p. 227; Titsingh, pp. 242–245.
  88. ↑ Varley, pp. 228–231; Titsingh, pp. 245–247.
  89. ↑ Varley, pp. 231–232; Titsingh, pp. 248–253.
  90. ↑ Varley, pp. 232–233; Titsingh, pp. 253–261.
  91. ↑ Varley, pp. 233–237; Titsingh, pp. 262–269.
  92. ↑ Varley, pp. 237–238; Titsingh, pp. 269–274.
  93. ↑ Varley, pp. 238–239; Titsingh, pp. 274–275.
  94. ↑ Varley, p. 239; Titsingh, pp. 275–278.
  95. ↑ Varley, pp. 239–241; Titsingh, pp. 278–281.
  96. 1 2 Varley, pp. 241–269; Titsingh, pp. 281–286, and Titsingh, p. 290–294.
  97. ↑ Titsingh, p. 286–289.
  98. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 294–298.
  99. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 298–301.
  100. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 302–309.
  101. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 310–316.
  102. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 317– .
  103. ↑ Varley, pp. 269–270 | Titsingh, p. .
  104. ↑ Titsingh, p. .
  105. ↑ [Titsingh, p. ]–320.
  106. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 320–327.
  107. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 327–331.
  108. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 331–351.
  109. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 352–364.
  110. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 364–372.
  111. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 372–382.
  112. 1 2 Titsingh, pp. 382–402.
  113. 1 2 Titsingh, pp. 402–409.
  114. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 410–411.
  115. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 411–412.
  116. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 412–413.
  117. ↑ Titsingh, p. 413.
  118. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 414–415.
  119. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 415–416.
  120. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 416–417.
  121. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 417–418.
  122. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 418–419.
  123. ↑ Titsingh, p. 419.
  124. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 419–420.
  125. ↑ Titsingh, pp. 420–421.
  126. ↑ Titsingh, p. 421.
  127. ↑ Nussbaum, "Minamoto no Yoritomo" at p. 635.
  128. ↑ Nussbaum, "Minamoto no Yoriie" at p. 635.
  129. ↑ Nussbaum, "Minamoto no Yoritomo" at pp. 633-634.
  130. ↑ Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Yoritsune" at p. 212; "Kujō Yoritsune" at p. 571 linking "Hōjō Masako" at p. 340
  131. ↑ Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Yoritsugu" at p. 212.
  132. ↑ Nussbaum, "Munetaka Shinnō" at p. 666.
  133. ↑ Nussbaum, "Koreyasu Shinnō" at p. 561.
  134. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hisaakira Shinnō" at p. 321.
  135. ↑ Nussbaum, "Morikuni Shinnō" at p. 660.
  136. ↑ Nussbaum, "Morinaga Shinnō" at p. 660.
  137. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tokimasa" at p. 340.
  138. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Yoshitoki" at p. 341.
  139. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Yasutoki" at p. 341.
  140. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tsunetoki" at p. 341.
  141. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tokiyori" at p. 341.
  142. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tokimune" at p. 341.
  143. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Sadatoki" at p. 340.
  144. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Morotoki" at p. 340.
  145. ↑ Nussbaum, "Hōjō Takatoki" at p. 340.
  146. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Takauji" at p. 55.
  147. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshiakira" at p. 55.
  148. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Ysohimitsu" at p. 56.
  149. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshimochi" at p. 56.
  150. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshikazu" at p. 56.
  151. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshinori" at p. 56.
  152. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshikatsu" at p. 56.
  153. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshimasa" at p. 56; Ackroyd, p. 298; n.b., Shogun Yoshimasa was succeeded by Shogun Yoshihisa (Yoshimasa's natural son), then by Shogun Yoshitane (Yoshimasa's first adopted son), and then by Shogun Yoshizumi (Yoshimasa's second adopted son)
  154. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshihisa" at p. 56.
  155. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshitane" at p. 57; Ackroyd, p. 385 n104; excerpt, "Some apparent contradictions exist in various versions of the pedigree owing to adoptions and name-changes. Yoshitsuna (sometimes also read Yoshikore) changed his name and was adopted by Yoshitane. Some pedigrees show Yoshitsuna as Yoshizumi's son, and Yoshifuyu as Yoshizumi's son."
  156. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshizumi" at p. 57.
  157. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshiharu" at p. 55.
  158. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshiteru" at p. 57.
  159. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshihide" at p. 56.
  160. ↑ Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshiaki" at p. 55.
  161. ↑ Nussbaum, "Tokugawa Mitsukuni" at p. 979.
  162. ↑ Nussbaum, "Tokugawa Nariaki" at p. 979.
  163. ↑ Nussbaum, "Tayasu" at p. 954.
  164. ↑ Nussbaum, "Matsudaira Katamori" at p. 616.
  165. ↑ Nussbaum, "Matsudaira Sadanobu" at p. 617.
  166. 1 2 3 4 第1•5•7•10代 伊藤 博文 [1st/5th/7th/10th Itō Hirobumi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  167. ↑ 第2代　黑田 清隆 [2nd Kuroda Kiyotaka] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  168. 1 2 第3•9代 山縣 有朋 [3rd/9th Yamagata Aritomo] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  169. 1 2 第4•5代 松方 正義 [3rd/9th Matsukata Masayoshi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  170. 1 2 第8•17代 大隈 重信 [8th/17th Ōkuma Shigenobu] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  171. 1 2 3 第11•13•15代 桂 太郎 [8th/17th Katsura Tarō] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  172. 1 2 第12•14代 西園寺 公望 [12th/14th Saionji Kinmochi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  173. 1 2 第16•22代 山本 權兵衞 [16th/22nd Yamamoto Gonnohyōe] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  174. ↑ 第18代 寺内　正毅 [18th Terauchi Masatake] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  175. ↑ 第19代 原 敬 [19th Hara Takashi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  176. ↑ 第20代 高橋 是清 [20th Takahashi Korekiyo] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  177. ↑ 第21代 加藤 友三郎 [21st Katō Tomosaburō] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  178. ↑ 第23代 清浦 奎吾 [23rd Kiyoura Keigo] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  179. ↑ 第24代 加藤 高明 [24th Katō Takaaki] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  180. 1 2 第25•28代 若槻 禮次郎 [25th/28th Wakatsuki Reijirō] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  181. ↑ 第26代　田中 義一 [26th Tanaka Giichi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  182. ↑ 第27代　濱口 雄幸 [27th Osachi Hamaguchi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  183. ↑ 第29代　犬養 毅 [29th Inukai Tsuyoshi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  184. ↑ 第30代　齋藤 實 [30th Saito Makoto] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  185. ↑ 第31代　岡田 啓介 [31st Keisuke Okada] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  186. ↑ 第32代　廣田 弘毅 [32nd Koki Hirota] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  187. ↑ 第33代　林 銑十郎 [33rd Senjuro Hayashi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  188. 1 2 第34•38•39代 近衞 文麿 [34th/38th/39th Fumimaro Konoe] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  189. ↑ 第35代　平沼 騏一郎 [35th Hiranuma Kiichiro] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  190. ↑ 第36代　阿部 信行 [36th Nobuyuki Abe] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  191. ↑ 第37代　米内 光政 [37th Mitsumasa Yonai] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  192. ↑ 第40代　東條 英機 [40th Hideki Tojo] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  193. ↑ 第41代　小磯 國昭 [41st Kuniaki Koiso] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  194. ↑ 第42代　鈴木 貫太郎 [42nd Kantaro Suzuki] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  195. ↑ 第43代　東久邇宮 稔彦 王 [43rd Higashikuni Naruhiko] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  196. ↑ 第44代　幣原 喜重郎 [44th Kijuro Shidehara] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  197. 1 2 第45•48•49•50•51代 吉田 茂 [45th/48th/49th/50th/51st Shigeru Yoshida] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  198. ↑ 第46代　片山 哲 [46th Tetsu Katayama] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  199. ↑ 第47代　芦田 均 [47th Hitoshi Ashida] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  200. ↑ 第52•53•54代　鳩山 一郎 [52nd/53rd/54th Sosuke Uno] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  201. ↑ 第55代　石橋 湛山 [55th Tanzan Ishibashi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  202. ↑ 第56•57代　岸 信介 [56th/57th Nobusuke Kishi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  203. ↑ 第58•59•60代　池田 勇人 [58th/59th/60th Hayato Ikeda] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  204. ↑ 第61•62•63代　佐藤 榮作 [61st/62nd/63rd Eisaku Sato] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  205. ↑ 第64•65代　田中 角榮 [64th/65th Kakuei Tanaka] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  206. ↑ 第66代　三木 武夫 [66th Takeo Miki] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  207. ↑ 第67代　福田 赳夫 [67th Takeo Fukuda] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  208. ↑ 第68•69代　大平 正芳 [68/69th Masayoshi Ohira] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  209. ↑ 第70代　鈴木 善幸 [70th Zenkō Suzuki] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  210. ↑ 第71•72•73代　中曽根　康弘 [71st/72nd/73rd Yasuhiro Nakasone] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  211. ↑ 第74代　竹下 登 [74th Noboru Takeshita] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  212. ↑ 第75代　宇野　宗佑 [75th Sosuke Uno] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  213. ↑ 第76•77代　海部　俊樹 [76th/77th Toshiki Kaifu] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  214. ↑ 第78代　宮澤　喜一 [78th Kiichi Miyazawa] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  215. ↑ 第79代　細川　護煕 [79th Morihiro Hosokawa] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  216. ↑ 第80代　羽田　孜 [80th Tsutomu Hata] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  217. ↑ 第81代　村山　富市 [81st Tomiichi Murayama] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  218. ↑ 第82•83代　橋本　龍太郎 [82nd/83rd Ryutaro Hashimoto] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  219. ↑ 第84代　小渕　恵三 [84th Keizo Obuchi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  220. ↑ 第85•86代　森　喜朗 [85th/86th Yoshiro Mori] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  221. ↑ 第87•88•89代　小泉　純一郎 [87th/88th/89th Junichiro Koizumi] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  222. ↑ 第90代　安倍　晋三 [90th Shinzo Abe] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  223. ↑ 第91代　福田　康夫 [91st Yasuo Fukuda] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  224. ↑ 第92代　麻生　太郎 [92nd Tarō Asō] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  225. ↑ 第93代　鳩山　由紀夫 [93rd Yukio Hatoyama] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  226. ↑ 第94代　菅 直人 [94th Naoto Kan] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  227. ↑ 第95代　野田 佳彦 [95th Yoshihiko Noda] (in Japanese). Official website of the Prime Minister of Japan. Retrieved 26 December 2012.

See also

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