List of Himalayan peaks and passes

Main article: Himalaya

Overall, the Himalayan mountain system is the world's highest, and is home to the world's highest peaks, the Eight-thousanders. There are 14 Himalayan peaks with elevation over 8,000 metres (26,000 ft). The rugged terrain makes few routes through the mountains possible.

Peaks

Notable peaks
Peak Name Other names and meaning Elevation Rank First Western ascent Notes
m ft
Everest Sagarmatha (Nepali), "Head of the World",[1]
8,848 29,029 1 1953 East of Kathmandu on Sagarmatha Zone Nepal, Chomolangma (jo mo glang ma) (Tibetan).
Kangchenjunga Kangchen Dzö-nga, "Five Treasures of the Great Snow" 8,586 28,169 3 1955 On border between North Sikkim in India and Taplejung District of Nepal.
Lhotse "South Peak" 8,516 27,940 4 1956 On Nepal-PRC (Tibet) border. Part of Everest massif.
Makalu "The Great Black" 8,462 27,765 5 1955 On Nepal-PRC (Tibet) border, east of Mt. Everest.
Cho OyuQowowuyag, "Turquoise Goddess" 8,201 26,905 6 1954 On Nepal-PRC (Tibet) border, west of Mt. Everest.
Dhaulagiri "White Mountain" 8,167 26,764 7 1960 Central Nepal, west of Kaligandagi River.
ManasluKutang, "Mountain of the Spirit" 8,156 26,758 8 1956 Central Nepal, east of Pokhara.
Nanga Parbat Diamir, "Naked Mountain" 8,126 26,660 9 1953 Northern Areas of Pakistan. Western most peak of Himalayan range, overlooking Indus River.
Annapurna "Goddess of the Harvests" 8,091 26,545 10 1950 Central Nepal, north of Pokhara.
Gasherbrum I"Beautiful Mountain" 8,080 26,509 11 1958 Pakistan Karakoram
Faichan Kangri Broad Peak 8,047 26,401 12 1957 Pakistan Karakoram
Gasherbrum II "Beautiful Mountain" 8,035 26,362 13 1956 Pakistan Karakoram
Shishapangma Xixiabangma, "Crest Above The Grassy Plains", Gosainthan 8,013 26,289 14 1964 Tibet, PRC, about 10 km north of Nepal border.
Gyachung Kang unknown 7,952 26,089 15 1964 On Nepal-PRC (Tibet) border. Highest mountain under 8,000 meters.
Gasherbrum IV 7,925 26,001 17 1958 Pakistan Karakoram
Nuptse "West Peak" in Tibetan 7,861 25,791 12 (Nepal) 1961 Nepal Mahalangur Himal
Masherbrum unknown 7,821 25,660 22 1960 Pakistan Karakoram
Nanda Devi "Bliss-giving Goddess" 7,817 25,645 23 1936 Uttarakhand, India. Highest peak entirely within India.
Rakaposhi "Shining Wall" 7,788 25,551 1958 Hunza Nagar District of Pakistan Karakoram
Tirich Mir "King of Shadows" or "King of Tirich Valley" 7,708 25,289 1950 Pakistan near Chitral. Highest peak in Hindu Kush
Gangkhar Puensum Gankar Punzum, "Three Mountain Siblings" 7,570 24,836 Unclimbed Bhutan. World's highest unclimbed peak. Off-limits to mountaineers.
Ismoil Somoni Peak "Stalin Peak" 1933–1962
"Communism Peak" 1962–1998
7,495 24,590 50 1933 Tajikistan Pamir, highest in former USSR
Langtang Lirung "Langtang Himal" 7,227 23,711 1978 Lies south of Shisha Pangma, Nepal.
Machapuchare "Fish Tail" 6,993 22,943 1957 (short of actual summit.) In Annapurna range, appearing Matterhorn-like from Pokhara, Nepal. Considered sacred to Lord Shiva, currently off-limits.
Dorje Lakpa "Langtang Himal" 6,966 22,854 1992 (short of actual summit.) Located north west of Kathmandu and looks like a pyramid shape, Nepal. currently off-limits.
Ama Dablam"Mother And Her Necklace" 6,848 22,467 1961 Considered by some to be one of the most beautiful peaks in the Himalayas. In Khumbu region, Nepal.
Kailash Sanskrit: Kailāsa Parvata, Tibetan: Kang Rinpoche (Precious Snow Peak), Mandarin Chinese: Gāngrénbōqí fēng 6,638 21,778 Unclimbed Located in western Tibet near sources of Indus, Brahmaputra, Karnali and Sutlej Rivers. Sacred to Bön, Buddhist, Hindu and Jain religions. Circumambulated by many pilgrims.

Passes and routes

Some routes through the Himalaya include:

Notable passes and routes
Pass or route Elevation Notes
m ft
Banihal Pass 2,832 9,291 connecting the hill areas of Jammu to the Kashmir Valley
Zoji La 3,528 11,575 between the vale of Kashmir and the Kargil district, and is the only Western entrance to the highlands of Ladakh
Rohtang Pass 3,973 13,035 Himachal Pradesh, India.
Mohan Pass 800 2,600 the principal pass in the Siwalik Hills, the southern most and geologically youngest foothills running parallel to the main Himalayas in Sikkim.
Kora La 4,594 15,072 on the Nepal-Tibet border at the upper end of Mustang. The Kali Gandaki Gorge (a graben),[2] transects the main Himalaya and Transhimalayan ranges. Kora La is the lowest pass through both ranges between K2 and Everest, but some 300 metres (980 ft) higher than Nathula and Jelepla passes further east between Sikkim and Tibet
Arniko Rajmarg/Friendship Highway route 5,260 17,260 from Kathmandu, Nepal crossing into Tibet at Kodari/Zhangmu, to Nyalam, Lalung-La pass (5,050m/16,570'), Tingri, Shelkar, Gyatso La pass, to Lhatse on the Yarlung Tsangpo/Brahmaputra River about 460 road kilometers west of Lhasa
Gangtok 4,310 14,140 in Sikkim to Lhasa in Tibet, via the Nathula and Jelepla Passes (offshoots of the ancient Silk Road)
Thorong La 5,416 17,769 The high point of the Annapurna Circuit, it connects the Manang District to the Mustang District in Nepal.
Mana Pass 5,545 18,192 on the border between India and Tibet
Seela Pass 4,177 13,704 on the Road between Bomdila town and Tawang Town in Arunachala pradesh state in INDIA

References

  1. Unsworth, Walt (2000). Everest – The Mountaineering History (3rd ed.). Bâton Wicks. p. 584. ISBN 978-1-898573-40-1.
  2. Godin, L.; et al. (1999). Allison MacFarlane, Rasoul B. Sorkhabi, Jay Quade, eds. "High strain zone in the hanging wall of the Annapurna detachment". Himalaya and Tibet: Mountain Roots to Mountain Tops. GSA (328): 201.
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