Revolutionary Left Front (Bolivia)

Revolutionary Left Front
Frente Revolucionario de Izquierda
Chairperson Óscar Zamora Medinaceli
Founded April 23, 1978 (1978-04-23)
Colors Blue, red

The Revolutionary Left Front (Spanish: Frente Revolucionario de Izquierda, abbreviated FRI) is a political party in Bolivia, founded in 1978.

Foundation

FRI was formed at a national conference of leftwing forces, held in La Paz April 23, 1978. The meeting was organized by an initiative committee (led by Dr. Guido Perales Aguilar as permanent secretary). The founding of FRI in April 1978 was a formalization of an already existing informal cooperation between different political groups. FRI was composed of the Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist-Leninist) (PCB(ML)), Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left (PRIN), Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia (PRTB), POR-Combate, Vanguardia Comunista del POR (the latter two were Trotskyist groups) and an independent grouping led by Manuel Morales Dávila.[1][2][3][4] POR-Masas was blocked from joining FRI.[1] Óscar Zamora Medinaceli was the funding chairman of FRI,[5] and politically FRI was under the control of PCB(ML).[1] Lidia Gueiler Tejada was the vice president of FRI.[3] The declaration of principles of FRI read

FRI is the political instrument of the masses, which enables the accumulation of forces in order to defeat the dictatorship, impose democratic freedoms and achieve national liberation...

[1]

1978 and 1979 elections

FRI itself was also part of a larger coalition in the 1978 electtions, the Democratic Alliance (along with the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, the Christian Democratic Party and Walter Guevara's PRA).[6] The presidential candidate of FRI in the 1978 elections was Casiano Amurrio. Lidia Gueiler was the vice-presidential candidate of FRI.[7] Amurrio obtained 23,459 votes (1.2% of the national vote).[8]

PRIN left FRI ahead of the 1979 elections, and joined UDP.[9] Morales Dávila also broke away from FRI. FRI became little more than the public facade of PCB(ML), as other factions had deserted it. The group sought to merge with UDP, but failed.[1]

Later period

In 1989 and 1993 elections, FRI was part of the Patriotic Accord (the electoral pact between Hugo Banzer's Nationalist Democratic Action and the Revolutionary Left Movement).[10]

Municipal and regional politics

Electoral flyer for the FRI candidate for mayor of La Paz in 1999, Eusebio Gironda

During the 1990s, the intervention in municipal politics of the party was generally limited to the Tarija and Cochabamba departments.[11] The FRI chairman Zamora Medinaceli was mayor of Tarija 1987-1989, 1994-1996 and 1996-1997.[5] In the 1991 municipal elections, the party got 20,179 votes (1.55% of the nationwide vote), whilst in the 1993 municipal election it obtained 25,099 votes (2.24%).[12] In the 1991 municipal elections, the party had the highest percentage of female candidates in the major cities amongst all contesting parties (8 out of 36 candidates, 22.2%).[13] In 1993 eleven out of 52 FRI candidates were women.[13] In the 1995 municipal elections, the vote of the party reached 53,540 (3.12%).[14] The party won 27 municipal council seats (out of 1585 in all of Bolivia).[15] The party won 17 municipal council seats (out of a total of 1,700 in all of Bolivia) in the 1999 municipal elections.[16]

The party supported the candidature of Mario Cossío Cortez for governor of Tarija in the 2010 elections.[17]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 POR-Masas. F
  2. ↑ Alexander, Robert J.. Trotskyism in Bolivia
  3. 1 2 Crespo Rodas, Alfonso. Lydia: una mujer en la historia. La Paz: Plural Ed, 1999. p. 121
  4. ↑ Mega: siglo XXI : diccionario enciclopédico. [Colombia]: Grupo Editorial Norma, 2004. p. 435
  5. 1 2 Directorio: 1997 - 2002. La Paz: Centro de Investigación del Congreso Nacional (CICON), 2002. p. 50
  6. ↑ Alcántara Sáez, Manuel. Partidos políticos de América Latina - Países Andinos. Salamanca: Ed. Univ. de Salamanca, 2001. 94
  7. ↑ Dunkerley, James, and Rose Marie Vargas Jastram. Rebelión en las venas: la lucha política en Bolivia. La Paz, Bolivia: Plural, 2003. pp. 314, 329
  8. ↑ Nohlen, Dieter. Elections in the Americas: A Data Handbook 2 South America. Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford Univ. Press, 2005. p. 150
  9. ↑ Nohlen, Dieter. Elections in the Americas: A Data Handbook 2 South America. Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford Univ. Press, 2005. p. 139
  10. ↑ Alcántara Sáez, Manuel. Partidos políticos de América Latina - Países Andinos. Salamanca: Ed. Univ. de Salamanca, 2001. 101
  11. ↑ Jost, Stefan. Bolivien: politisches System und Reformprozess 1993 - 1997. Opladen: Leske und Budrich, 2003. p. 273
  12. ↑ Jost, Stefan. Bolivien: politisches System und Reformprozess 1993 - 1997. Opladen: Leske und Budrich, 2003. p. 405
  13. 1 2 Latin American Social Sciences Institute. PARTIDOS POLÍTICOS ('Political Parties'), part of the study Mujeres Latinoamericanas en Cifras ('Latin American Women in Numbers'), published in 1994.
  14. ↑ Jost, Stefan. Bolivien: politisches System und Reformprozess 1993 - 1997. Opladen: Leske und Budrich, 2003. p. 406
  15. ↑ Jost, Stefan. Bolivien: politisches System und Reformprozess 1993 - 1997. Opladen: Leske und Budrich, 2003. p. 407
  16. ↑ Albó, Xavier, and Victor Quispe. Quiénes son indígenas en los gobiernos municipales. Cuadernos de investigación CIPCA, 59. La Paz: CIPCA [u.a., 2004. p. 92
  17. ↑ CEDIB. La Ley Anticorrupción bloqueará candidaturas (El País 11/02/2010)
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