Law of chastity

The law of chastity is a moral code defined by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). According to the church, chastity means that "sexual relations are proper only between a man and a woman who are legally and lawfully wedded as husband and wife."[1] Therefore, abstinence from sexual relations before marriage, and complete fidelity to one's spouse during marriage, are required.[2] As part of the law of chastity, the church teaches its members not only to abstain from adultery and fornication, but also to refrain from masturbation and to avoid sexually inappropriate thoughts. The law of chastity is taught to church members of all ages, and is especially emphasized to adolescents.

General standards

Within the LDS Church, chastity means more than abstinence from sex. It means to be morally clean in "thoughts, words, and actions." It also means sexual relations are only permitted between a husband and wife. The church teaches its members that "no one, male or female, is to have sexual relations before marriage. After marriage, sexual relations are permitted only with our spouse."[2]

Mormons believe that sexuality between man and woman lawfully married is divinely appointed and has two purposes: to "multiply, and replenish the Earth" (Genesis 1:28) as commanded by God to Adam and Eve, and to strengthen the bond between man and woman that they might "become one flesh" (Mark 10:8). A church handbook for leaders states that married couples should be made aware "that sexual relations within marriage are divinely approved not only for the purpose of procreation, but also as a way of expressing love and strengthening emotional and spiritual bonds between husband and wife."[3]

The church has made its views clear in many publications and in recent news releases that "marriage between a man and a woman is ordained of God".[4] While opposing homosexual behavior, the church advises its leaders and members to reach out with understanding and respect to individuals who are attracted to those of the same gender.[5]

Sexual relations are deemed proper only between a man and a woman who are legally and lawfully wedded as husband and wife. Any other sexual relations, including those between persons of the same gender, are sinful and undermine the divinely created institution of the family. The church accordingly affirms defining marriage as the legal and lawful union between a man and a woman.[6]

Youth teaching

An LDS Church publication targeted at youth states: "Before marriage, do not participate in passionate kissing, lie on top of another person, or touch the private, sacred parts of another person's body, with or without clothing. Do not do anything else that arouses sexual feelings. Do not arouse those emotions in your own body.”[7] Youth are taught in church classes that sexual relations are sacred, and they should avoid "fondling of bodies, one's own or that of others".[8] Masturbation is "not condoned but is not considered homosexual".[9]

Importance

The LDS Church places great emphasis on the law of chastity. Commitment to live the law of chastity is required for baptism,[10] and adherence is required to receive a temple recommend.[11]

The Book of Mormon teaches that sexual sins are "most abominable above all sins save it be the shedding of innocent blood or denying the Holy Ghost" (Alma 39:5). Church leaders have similarly emphasized its importance.

Apostle Spencer W. Kimball, in his book Miracle of Forgiveness, quoted Heber J. Grant as saying, "[t]here is no true Latter-day Saint who would not rather bury a son or daughter than to have him or her lose his or her chastity—realizing that chastity is of more value than anything else in all the world."

LDS Church president Ezra Taft Benson wrote:

“ From the beginning of time, the Lord has set a clear and unmistakable standard of sexual purity. It always has been, it is now, and it always will be the same. That standard is the law of chastity. It is the same for all—for men and women, for old and young, for rich and poor. In the Book of Mormon, the prophet Jacob tells us that the Lord delights in the chastity of His children (see Jacob 2:28). Do you hear that, my brothers and sisters? The Lord is not just pleased when we are chaste; He delights in chastity. Mormon taught the same thing to his son Moroni when he wrote that chastity and virtue are 'most dear and precious above all things.' (Moroni 9:9)[12] ”

Violation of the law of chastity may result in church discipline, including disfellowshipment or excommunication.

In endowment ceremony

The law of chastity is one of the covenants members of the LDS Church promise by oath to keep during the endowment ceremony of the temple.[13][14]

Includes broader transgressions

Activities considered a violation of the law of chastity include both adultery and fornication as well as broader behavior. While serving as church president, Kimball taught that the law of chastity encompasses "all sexual relations outside marriage—petting, sex perversion, masturbation, and preoccupation with sex in one's thoughts and talking. Included are every hidden and secret sin and all unholy and impure thoughts and practices."[15]

Victims of rape, incest, or sexual abuse are not guilty of sin and are not considered to have broken the law of chastity.[16] However, they often feel that they have lost their virtue, which intensifies the feelings of shame and guilt experienced by many victims of rape. In the Book of Mormon, it states, "For behold, many of the daughters of the Lamanites have they taken prisoners; and after depriving them of that which was most dear and precious above all things, which is chastity and virtue".[17] In a general conference address, Richard G. Scott explained, "The victim must do all in his or her power to stop the abuse. Most often, the victim is innocent because of being disabled by fear or the power or authority of the offender. At some point in time, however, the Lord may prompt a victim to recognize a degree of responsibility for abuse. Your priesthood leader will help assess your responsibility so that, if needed, it can be addressed."[18] The concept that it is better to lose one's life than to lose one's chastity, from Kimball's book The Miracle of Forgiveness,[19] can lead to some victims of rape feeling that they would be better off dead. Arnie Lemmon, the lead rape investigator for the Brigham Young University Police Department in 2003, publicly spoke out about a common mentality of rape victims at the Mormon university. Trying to help many victims of the assault understand why the idea of "robbed virtue" was incorrect, he encountered many of people who felt this way. He related the following about one of his interviews: "She said something that blew me away. She said, 'I should have died before I let him do that to me,'" Lemmon said. "I was troubled that she had to believe that. ... In a rape setting, there is no loss of virtue or chastity."[20]

In addition, members are taught to dress modestly, to control their thoughts, and to avoid pornography.[2][16] Dressing immodestly is not a violation of the law of chastity, but "modesty promotes chastity".[16] Members who are married are instructed to "be faithful to your spouse in thought, word, and action. Flirting with others is not appropriate. Stay away from situations where temptation may develop."[16]

According to the church, even though the violation of the law of chastity is considered a serious sin, one who has violated the law of chastity can repent and receive forgiveness from God.[2][16][15]

Homosexuality

The church has stated its view that a person having same-gender attraction is not sinful and no one should be blamed for it,[21] and that LGBT members can have a good standing in the church.[22] LGBT members of the church are expected to obey the same laws as heterosexual members, including controlling thoughts and not arousing sexual feelings outside of marriage. However, the church actively opposes the extension of the traditional definition of marriage to also include same-sex couples.[23] In 2007, the church produced "God Loveth His Children", a pamphlet whose stated purpose is to help LGBT members.

D. Michael Quinn has stated that Kimball, the church's 12th president, did not believe that an individual could be homosexual, asserting that only a person's actions were homosexual.[24] George L. Mitton and Rhett S. James believe this a distortion of LDS history.[25]

In 1987, Gordon B. Hinckley wrote that "Marriage should not be viewed as a therapeutic step to solve problems such as homosexual inclinations or practices."[26]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Same-Sex Marriage", lds.org, accessed June 17, 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Chapter 39: The Law of Chastity", Gospel Principles, LDS Church, 2009, p. 247, retrieved 2013-09-30
  3. ↑ "21.4.4: Birth Control", Handbook 2: Administering the Church, LDS Church, 2010
  4. ↑ First Presidency and Council of the Twelve Apostles (September 23, 1995), The Family: A Proclamation to the World, LDS Church, retrieved 2013-12-11. See also: The Family: A Proclamation to the World
  5. ↑ "21.4.6: Homosexual Behavior and Same-Gender Attraction", Handbook 2: Administering the Church, LDS Church, 2010
  6. ↑ "21.4.10: Same-Gender Marriages", Handbook 2: Administering the Church, LDS Church, 2010
  7. ↑ "Sexual Purity", For the Strength of Youth, LDS Church, 2011
  8. ↑ "Lesson 41: Sexual Purity", Aaronic Priesthood Manual 1, LDS Church, 2002, p. 147, retrieved 2010-11-24
  9. ↑ Brown, Victor L., Jr. (1992), "Homosexuality", in Ludlow, Daniel H, Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, p. 655-656, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140
  10. ↑ "Chapter 12: How Do I Prepare People for Baptism and Confirmation?", Preach My Gospel: A Guide to Missionary Service (Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 2004) pp. 203–12.
  11. ↑ "Being Worthy to Enter the Temple", Liahona, August 2010.
  12. ↑ Benson, Ezra Taft (January 1988), "The Law of Chastity", New Era: 4
  13. ↑ Christensen, Bryce J. (1992), "Chastity, Law of", in Ludlow, Daniel H, Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, pp. 265–266, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140
  14. ↑ Talmage, James E. (1912), The House of the Lord, Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, p. 100
  15. 1 2 Kimball, Spencer W. (November 1980), "President Kimball Speaks Out on Morality", Ensign
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 "Sexual Purity Blesses Our Lives", Liahona, July 2010
  17. ↑ Moroni 9:9
  18. ↑ Scott, Richard (May 1992). "Healing the Tragic Scars of Abuse". Ensign.
  19. ↑ Kimball, Spencer W (1969). The Miracle of Forgiveness. Salt Lake City: Bookcraft. p. .
  20. ↑ Sheffield, Carrie (October 17, 2003). "90% of Provo rapes not reported to police". Deseret News. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
  21. ↑ God Loveth His Children, LDS Church, 2007, retrieved 2013-09-30
  22. ↑ Lattin, Don (13 April 1997). "Musings of the Main Mormon". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2010-11-24.
  23. ↑ McKinley, Jesse; Johnson, Kirk (14 November 2008). "Mormons Tipped Scale in Ban on Gay Marriage". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-12-24.
  24. ↑ Quinn, D. Michael. Same-Sex Dynamics Among Nineteenth Century Americans: A Mormon Example. University of Illinois Press. p. . ISBN 0-252-06958-7.
  25. ↑ Mitton, George L.; James, Rhett S. (1998). "A Response to D. Michael Quinn's Homosexual Distortion of Latter-day Saint History". FARMS Review. Provo, Utah: Maxwell Institute. 10 (1): 141–263. Retrieved 2010-11-24.
  26. ↑ Hinckley, Gordon B. (May 1987). "Reverence and Morality". Ensign. LDS Church: 45–47. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
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