Kirillov (town)

For other uses, see Kirillov.
Kirillov (English)
Кириллов (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Bread-making factory in Kirillov

Location of Vologda Oblast in Russia
Kirillov
Location of Kirillov in Vologda Oblast
Coordinates: 59°51′N 38°23′E / 59.850°N 38.383°E / 59.850; 38.383Coordinates: 59°51′N 38°23′E / 59.850°N 38.383°E / 59.850; 38.383
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of June 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Vologda Oblast[1]
Administrative district Kirillovsky District[1]
Town of district significance Kirillov[2]
Administrative center of Kirillovsky District,[1] town of district significance of Kirillov[2]
Municipal status (as of July 2012)
Municipal district Kirillovsky Municipal District[3]
Urban settlement Kirillov Urban Settlement[3]
Administrative center of Kirillovsky Municipal District,[3] Kirillov Urban Settlement[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 7,728 inhabitants[4]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[5]
Founded 1397[6]
Town status since 1776[6]
Postal code(s)[7] 161100, 161101
Dialing code(s) +7 81757
Kirillov on Wikimedia Commons

Kirillov (Russian: Кири́ллов) is a town and the administrative center of Kirillovsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the shores of Lakes Siverskoye and Dolgoye, 129 kilometers (80 mi) northwest of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 7,728 (2010 Census);[4] 8,229 (2002 Census);[8] 8,817 (1989 Census).[9]

History

In the 13th century, the territory on which Kirillov now stands was a part of the Principality of Beloozero, which was taken over by the Grand Duchy of Moscow in the 14th century. In 1397, St. Cyril of White Lake, a monk and a disciple of St. Sergius of Radonezh, founded the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery on the shore of Lake Siverskoye.[6] A monastic sloboda, from which the town later grew, developed around the monastery.[6] The monastery was subordinate to Archbishops of Rostov. In the 15th–17th centuries, the monastery developed into one of the most influential monasteries in Russia.[6] It also helped that the Sheksna River was one of the most heavily used waterways connecting central and northern Russia. At some point, the monastery was the second biggest landowner after the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius. Vasili III of Russia, the Grand Prince of Moscow, and Ivan the Terrible, the Tsar, visited the monastery on several occasions.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the territory was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off.[10] The territory became a part of Charondsky Uyezd of Belozersk Province of Novgorod Governorate. In 1776, the territory was transferred to Novgorod Viceroyalty. At the same time, Kirillov was chartered and became the seat of Kirillovsky Uyezd. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished and the territory was transferred to Novgorod Governorate. Kirillovsky Uyezd was abolished as well; however, it was reestablished in 1802.

In June 1918, five uyezds of Novgorod Governorate, including Kirillovsky Uyezd, were split off to form Cherepovets Governorate, with the administrative center in Cherepovets.[11] On August 1, 1927 Cherepovets Governorate was abolished and its territory became Cherepovets Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[11] At the same time, uyezds were abolished and Kirillovsky District was established.[11] On September 23, 1937, Kirillovsky District was transferred to newly established Vologda Oblast.[11]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kirillov serves as the administrative center of Kirillovsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Kirillovsky District as the town of district significance of Kirillov.[2]

As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Kirillov, together with two rural localities in Sukhoverkhovsky Selsoviet of Kirillovsky District, is incorporated within Kirillovsky Municipal District as Kirillov Urban Settlement.[3]

Economy

Industry

There are enterprises of timber industry and food industry.[6]

Transportation

Kirillov is connected by all-seasonal roads with Vologda, Cherepovets, Belozersk, and Vytegra. There are also local roads.

The Volga–Baltic Waterway (formerly known as the Mariinsk Canal System), connecting the Rybinsk Reservoir in the basin of the Volga with Lake Onega in the basin of the Neva, runs several kilometers from Kirillov, following the course of the Sheksna River.

In the southern part of the town, one of the locks of the Northern Dvina Canal is located. The canal connects Lake Kubenskoye in the basin of the Northern Dvina with the Sheksna River, thus connecting the basins of the White Sea and the Volga. In the 19th century, the canal was the main waterway connecting the Volga with the White Sea. However, in the 1930s the White Sea – Baltic Canal was built and the Northern Dvina Canal lost its significance. The canal is still in operation, serving cargo traffic and occasional cruise ships moving from the Sheksna to Lake Kubenskoye.

Tourism

The economy of Kirillov is mainly tourist-oriented. Kirillov has been a tourist attraction since the Soviet times.

Culture and recreation

Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery as seen from Lake Siverskoye
The Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan outside the walls of the monastery
Young peasant women in front of wooden house (ca. 1909 to 1915) taken by Prokudin-Gorskii.

The Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, located in the town, is a fortified ensemble built in the 15th and the 16th centuries. It also hosts the Kirillo-Belozersky Museum of History, Art, and Architecture[12]—an umbrella institution governing all museums in Kirillovsky District. The monastery has been designated as a cultural heritage monument of federal significance.[13] Kirillov also preserved the historical center and the town hosts seventy-seven cultural heritage monuments, including buildings both in and outside of the monastery.

Notable people

Russian mathematician Dmitry Grave was born in Kirillov in 1863, although he spent his career elsewhere.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Resolution #178
  2. 1 2 3 Law #371-OZ
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Law #1116-OD
  4. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 191. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
  7. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  8. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Снытко, О. В.; et al. (2009). С. Д. Трифонов; Т. Б. Чуйкова; Л. В. Федина; А. Э. Дубоносова, eds. Административно-территориальное деление Новгородской губернии и области 1727-1995 гг. Справочник (PDF) (in Russian). Saint Petersburg. p. 16. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917–1991) (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
  12. ↑ Кирилло-Белозерский историко-архитектурный и художественный музей-заповедник (in Russian). Кирилло-Белозерский историко-архитектурный и художественный музей-заповедник. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
  13. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.

Sources

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