Kennedy Scholarship

White House portrait of President John F. Kennedy.

Kennedy Scholarships provide full funding for up to ten British post-graduate students to study at either Harvard University or the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).^[1] Susan Hockfield, the sixteenth President of MIT, described the scholarship program as a way to "offer exceptional students unique opportunities to broaden their intellectual and personal horizons, in ways that are more important than ever in an era defined by global interaction.".^[2] In 2007, 163 applications were received, of which 10 were ultimately selected, for an acceptance rate of 6.1%.^[3]

The creation of the Kennedy Memorial Trust

Following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963, Sir Alec Douglas-Home, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, set about creating a national British memorial in his memory. He consulted with Harold Wilson (the Leader of HM's Loyal Opposition), Sir David Ormsby-Gore (British Ambassador to the United States), Dean Rusk (United States Secretary of State) and the Kennedy family. It was agreed that Douglas-Home would establish a committee, chaired by Lord Franks (former British Ambassador to the United States of America), to make recommendations on the form of the memorial to President Kennedy.^[4]

Following wide consultation, Franks wrote to the Prime Minister to recommend that the memorial should be in two parts: a living memorial, in the form of a scholarship to attend either Harvard or MIT, and a permanent memorial site in Runnymede, England, the site of the Magna Carta. This location was chosen because it was regarded as the birthplace of the freedoms which President Kennedy promised to uphold. The John F. Kennedy Memorial Act 1964 was passed into legislation to enact and manage the two memorials.

Kennedy family

JFK Memorial designed by Geoffrey Jellicoe

The Kennedy family have been strong supporters of the British Kennedy memorial since its creation. Jacqueline Kennedy and Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom unveiled the memorial at Runnymede in 1965. It consists of a Portland stone memorial tablet within natural woodland and meadow, where the visitor is invited on a journey, resembling that in Pilgrim's Progress; the journey through what is seen is mirrored by a depper one into the unseen landscape of life, death and spirit. The stone is inscribed with the famous quote from Kennedy's Inaugural Address given on 20 January 1961:

Senator Edward Kennedy described the program as the most ambitious of all the memorials to his brother, and he was a passionate supporter of the Kennedy Scholarships until his death in August 2009.^[5]

Former trustees

Since 1964, all Kennedy Memorial Trust trustees have been appointed by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.^[6] Various prominent individuals have previously served as trustees. These include:

• Professor Sir Isaiah Berlin OM FBA - philosopher, President of the British Academy (1974-1978)
• Professor Sir David Cannadine FBA - Dodge Professor of History, Princeton University and Visiting Professor of History, Oxford University (2000-2010)
• Professor Peter Hennessy, Baron Hennessy of Nympsfield FBA - (chairman 1995 - 2000)
• Mervyn King, Lord King of Lothbury - former Governor of the Bank of England (1990-2000)
• Professor Jack Lewis, Baron Lewis of Newnham (1989-1999)
• Roger Makins, 1st Baron Sherfield GCB GCMG FRS - (first chairman)
• Professor Roderick MacFarquhar - Leroy B Williams Professor of History and Political Science, Harvard University. (2000-2010)
• David Ormsby-Gore, 5th Baron Harlech KCMG PC - (chairman 1964 - 1985)
• Professor Anthony Quinton, Baron Quinton - (chairman 1990 - 1995), former Master of Trinity College, Oxford
• Professor Martin Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow - Master of Trinity College, Cambridge (1999-2004)
• Andrew Stuart Winckler (1998-2003)
• Professor Emma Rothschild - (chairman 2000 - 2009), Honorary Professor of History and Economics University of Cambridge, Director of the Center for History and Economics and Professor of History, Harvard University
• Robin Russell, 14th Duke of Bedford - (chairman 1985 - 1990)

Trustees

The current trustees are:

• Professor Tony Badger (Chairman) - former Master of Clare College, Cambridge and Paul Mellon Professor of American History, Cambridge University.
• Dr Peter Englander- former Kennedy Scholar, venture capitalist.
• Stephanie Flanders - former Kennedy Scholar, Chief Market Strategist for Europe with JP Morgan Asset Management.^[7]
• Johnny Grimond - Editor at large The Economist.
• Professor Fiona Macpherson - former Kennedy Scholar, Head of Philosophy and Director of the Centre for the Study of Perceptual Experience, Glasgow University.^[7]
• United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom - (representing the President of the United States).
• Professor Anthony Saich (representing Harvard)- Director of the Ash Centre for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Daewoo Professor of International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School
• Dr Martin Weale CBE, Monetary Policy Committee, Bank of England
• Professor Andrew Whittle (representing MIT) - A former Kennedy Scholar, Professor and Head of Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering.

Patrons

• The Lord Mayor of London
• The Governor of the Bank of England

Selection

In total, 505 individuals have been awarded a Kennedy Scholarship. Selection follows a national competition which begins each autumn. A long-list and short-list are chosen and then around twenty-five individuals are invited to London for interview by the trustees.

When evaluating applications and interviewing candidates, the trustees take into consideration candidates':

• intellectual attainment
• readiness and ability to express themselves
• the suitability of their proposed course of study at Harvard or MIT.

They may also look for: originality of mind, commitment to public service, potential to make a mark in public life and the ability to overcome adversity

The selection aims, criteria and standards are comparable to the Rhodes Scholarship program.^[8]

Notable Kennedy scholars

Prominent former scholars include:

Politics, government and civil service

The Right Honourable Ed Balls, the Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (2011 - 2015)

The Right Honourable Yvette Cooper, the Shadow Home Secretary (2011 - 2015). She was the first woman and the second Kennedy Scholar to hold the Cabinet post of Chief Secretary to the Treasury

The Right Honourable Alan Duncan, Minister for International Development (2010 - 2015)

• Ed Balls - politician - Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (2011-2015), Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families (2007-2010)
• Nicholas Boles - Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Department for Communities and Local Government (2012 -), Chief of Staff to the London Mayor Boris Johnson (2008), Director of the Policy Exchange (2002–2007)
• Camilla Cavendish - former journalist and leader writer, The Times, The Sunday Times; now Head of Number 10 Policy Unit
• Yvette Cooper - politician - Shadow Home Secretary (2011 -), Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (2009 - 2010), Chief Secretary to the Treasury (2008–2009)
• David Curry - politician - shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2003–2004), Minister for Local Government, Housing and Urban Regeneration (1994–1997)
• Alan Duncan - politician - Minister of State for Department for International Development (2010 - 2015), shadow Leader of the House of Commons (2009), shadow Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (2005–2009),
• Barry Gardiner - politician - Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Northern Ireland Office (2004–2005), Department of Trade and Industry (2005–2006) and DEFRA (2006–2007)
• Duncan Hamilton (politician) - politician, now advocate - Member of the Scottish Parliament for Highlands and Islands region (1999–2003), youngest member of the Scottish Parliament, special advisor to Alex Salmond, First Minister for Scotland (2007 - 2008)
• Kwasi Kwarteng - politician - Member of Parliament for Spelthorne (2010 -)
• Gordon Marsden - politician - Parliamentary Private Secretary to Lord Chancellor's Department (2001-2003) and to Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport (2003-5)
• Ian Martin - United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Nepal, Secretary-General of Amnesty International (1986–1992)
• David Miliband - politician - President International Rescue Committee (2013-), Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (2007–2010)

The Right Honourable David Miliband, the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (2007 - 2010), one of four Kennedy Scholars in the Cabinet of Gordon Brown.

• Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury - politician, now Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge - Chairman of the Environment Agency (2008 - 2014), Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport (1997–2001)
• Una O'Brien - Permanent Secretary, Department of Health (United Kingdom)
• Richard Tomlinson - Former MI6 officer, author of the Big Breach: From Top Secret to Maximum Security.
• William Arthur Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill - politician - Secretary of State for Health (1990–1992), Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1992–1994), Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1994–1995), Chief Secretary to the Treasury (1995–1997). Former chairman of the Rhodes Scholarship program.Provost of Eton College.
• Moira Wallace - Provost Oriel College, Oxford University (2013-), Permanent Secretary, Department of Energy and Climate Change (2008 - 2012)
• Peter Wilson CMG - diplomat - UK Ambassador & Deputy Permanent Representative for the UK Mission to the UN (2014 - )
• Anthony Wayland Wright - politician - Chairman of the Public Administration Select Committee (1999 - 2010)

Economics and finance

• Ros Altmann - economist, Baroness Altmann CBE, Ministor for Pensions (2015 - ),former member of Number 10 Policy Unit
• Linda Todhunter Bilheimer - economist, Assistant Director, US Congressional Budget Office
• Lord Eatwell - economist, President of Queens' College, Cambridge University
• Peter Englander - former Director of Apax Partners, and former CEO of the Apax Foundation.
• Sylvia Ann Hewlett - economist, founding President of the Center for Work-Life Policy
• Charlotte Hogg - economist, Chief Operating Officer, Bank of England (2013-)
• Mervyn King, Prof the Lord King of Lothbury KG GCB FBA - former Governor of the Bank of England (2003-2013)
• Emma Rothschild - economic historian
• Tim Sims - Founder and Managing Director of Pacific Equity Partners

Journalism

• Stephanie Flanders - former Economics Editor, BBC
• Zanny Minton Beddoes - Editor, The Economist
• Simon Kuper - journalist and author, the Financial Times
• Anatole Kaletsky - Author and columnist Reuters Chairman, Institute for New Economic Thinking
• Catherine Sampson - journalist and author

Arts

• Simon Aldridge - artist, former Artist-in-Residence at the World Trade Center^[9]

Academia

• Andrew Blake (scientist) FREng, FRS - Director, Alan Turing Institute, former Principal Research Scientist at Microsoft Research Cambridge
• Jon Blundy FRS - Professor of Petrology, Earth Sciences Department, Bristol University
• Professor John CravenCBE - former Vice-chancellor of the University of Portsmouth, founder and first chairman of the University Alliance
• Gareth Evans (philosopher)
• David Edwards FMedSci (neuroscientist) - Professor of Paediatrics and NeoNatal Medicine and Director of the Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London.
• Mark Ford (poet) - Professor in English, University College London
• David Held - Professor, School of Government and Master, University College, Durham University; Co-founder of Polity Press.
• Peter Hennessy - historian, Professor the Lord Hennessy of Nympsfield FBA, Attlee Professor of Contemporary British History at Queen Mary, University of London and crossbencher, House of Lords.
• Simon Goldhill - classicist, Professor of Greek Literature and Culture at the University of Cambridge and fellow of King's College, Cambridge
• Neil F. Johnson - physicist, Professor of Physics at the University of Miami, Florida
• Richard K. Lester - Japan Steel Industry Professor of Nuclear Engineering at MIT and Associate Provost for International Activities.
• Dominic Lieven FBA - Professor; Senior Research Fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge.
• Peter Littlewood FRS - physicist, Professor; Laboratory Director for Physical Sciences & Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois
• Rana Mitter - Professor, History and Politics of Modern China, Oxford University
• Christopher Peacocke FBA - philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University
• Tony Purnell - engineer, Head of Technology, British Cycling; Fellow-Commoner in Engineering, Trinity Hall, Cambridge
• Simon Schaffer - Professor of the History and Philosophy of Science, Cambridge University
• Chloë Starr - Assistant Professor of Asian Theology, Yale Divinity School

Law

• Mary Arden, the Rt Hon. Lady Justice Arden DBE - Lady Justice of Appeal, Chairman of the Law Commission (1996–1999)
• Nicholas Hamblen, The Hon. Mr Justice Hamblen - High Court Judge
• Sir Bernard Rix QC, Arbitrator and former Lord Justice of Appeal

References

External links

• Kennedy Memorial Trust website