Jalandhar
Jalandhar ਜਲੰਧਰ (Punjabi) Jullundur | |
---|---|
City | |
Pushpa Gujral Science City, Kapurthala Road, Jalandhar[2] | |
Nickname(s): JUC, JRC | |
Jalandhar Jalandhar | |
Coordinates: 31°19′34″N 75°34′34″E / 31.326°N 75.576°ECoordinates: 31°19′34″N 75°34′34″E / 31.326°N 75.576°E | |
Country | India |
State | Punjab |
District | Jalandhar |
Government | |
• Commissioner | Sh. Manpreet Singh Chattwal[3] |
• Mayor | Sh. Sunil Jyoti[4] |
Area | |
• Total | 3,401 km2 (1,313 sq mi) |
Elevation | 228 m (748 ft) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 862,196 |
• Density | 831/km2 (2,150/sq mi) |
Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
PIN | 144 001 |
Telephone code | +91-181-XXX XXXX |
Vehicle registration | PB 08 |
Jalandhar (Punjabi Gurmukhi: ਜਲੰਧਰ), formerly Jullundur, is a city in the Doaba region of northwestern India state of Punjab.
The oldest city in Punjab and one of the oldest in the country, Jalandhar has seen rapid urbanisation and developed into a highly industrialised centre of commercial activity in recent years. Jalandhar is now entered in the [Smart City] project under the second list. Jalandhar was the capital of Punjab from India's independence (1947) until Chandigarh was built in 1953. On the Grand Trunk Road, it is a major rail and road junction and is 144 km northwest of the state capital, Chandigarh. The city was known as Jullundur in British India.
History
Two kings known az Ch.Fateh and Ch.Shah Muhammad belong to royal family Rana Rajput palace name Noor Mehal very brave and healthy they are very famous kings of there time The history of Jalandhar District comprises three periods — ancient, medieval and modern.
The city[5] is named after Jalandhar, a demon king, who is mentioned in the Puranas and Mahabharta. According to another legend, Jalandhar was the capital of the kingdom of Lava (Ramayana), son of Rama. According to another version Jalandhar is said to have derived its name from the vernacular term `Jalandhar' means area inside the water, i.e., tract lying between the two rivers Satluj and Beas. The whole of Punjab and the area of present Jalandhar District was part of the Indus Valley Civilization. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro are the sites where remains of the Indus Valley Civilization have been found extensively. The archaeological explorations made during recent years have pushed the ancient times of Jalandhar District of Harappa period.
The modern history of Jalandhar District states that Khilafat Movement was started in the district in early 1920 to bring pressure upon British rulers to change their policy towards Turkey. Mahatma Gandhi extended sympathy and support to this movement. Jalandhar District was declared 'Proclaimed Area' under the Seditious Meetings Act. After the independence of the country, however, the district was affected by communal riots and exodus of minority communities from both sides of the border, consequent upon the partition of the country.
Geography
The city has a humid subtropical climate with cool winters and hot summers. Summers last from April to June and winters from November to February. Temperatures in the summer vary from average highs of around 48 °C (118 °F) to average lows of around 25 °C (77 °F). Winter temperatures have highs of 19 °C (66 °F) to lows of −7 °C (19 °F). The climate is dry on the whole, except during the brief southwest monsoon season during July and August. The average annual rainfall is about 70 cm.
Climate data for Jalandhar | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 19.4 (66.9) |
21.6 (70.9) |
26.0 (78.8) |
34.5 (94.1) |
39.4 (102.9) |
43.6 (110.5) |
34.1 (93.4) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.6 (90.7) |
31.5 (88.7) |
27.2 (81) |
22.3 (72.1) |
30.44 (86.8) |
Average low °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) |
8.6 (47.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.7 (76.5) |
25.8 (78.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
18.3 (64.9) |
12.1 (53.8) |
7.2 (45) |
17.19 (62.95) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 10.7 (0.421) |
16.7 (0.657) |
32.8 (1.291) |
15.2 (0.598) |
20.4 (0.803) |
69.7 (2.744) |
155.2 (6.11) |
183.6 (7.228) |
60.0 (2.362) |
1.5 (0.059) |
6 (0.24) |
15 (0.59) |
586.8 (23.103) |
Source: [6] |
Demographics
As per provisional data of 2011 census Jalandhar had a population of 873,725, of which 463,975 were male and 409,750 female. The literacy rate was 85.46 per cent.[8]
The predominant religion for this region is Hinduism.
Economy
Upmarket localities include Civil lines,Gujral Nagar, Lajpat Nagar, Dilbagh Nagar Extension, Mota Singh Nagar, Green Park, Green Model Town, Model Town, Jawahar Nagar, Gupta Colony, Guru Teg Bahadur Nagar, Urban Estate Phase I & II, New Jawahar Nagar, Defence Colony, Adarsh nagar, Adampur Doaba, Makhdoompura, Shastri Nagar, J.P. Nagar, Grover Colony, Guru Ram Dass Enclave, Central Town etc.
Jalandhar is now chosen in the second list of smart city project and the corporation had been given 200 crores for initializing the project.Jalandhar provides goods like glass and furniture to neighbouring cities and is a hub of sports goods manufacture for international market.Apart from being Harbhajan Singh's hometown, Jalandhar is famous for its sports industry, whose products are used by the likes of Sachin Tendulkar, Saurav Ganguly, and Steve Waugh, among countless other cricket heroes.Since 90 per cent of the cricket equipment used all over the world is manufactured in India, with Jalandhar contributing nearly 30 to 35 per cent, it would not be far-fetched to say that Jalandhar figures every time a cricket match is played.
Transport
By air
The nearest airport is Pathankot Airport at Pathankot, about 90 km and Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport at Amritsar, about 75 km (47 mi) northwest of Jalandhar. It is connected to other parts of the country by regular flights. Several airlines operate flights from abroad, including Birmingham, Dubai and Doha. The airport handles as many as 48 flights every week up from the occasional, intermittent ones some years ago.
By rail
Jalandhar City railway station is well connected to other parts of the country. Jalandhar city is a major station of the Amritsar-Delhi rail link. It is very well connected to capital Delhi by daily trains like Shatabdi Express, Intercity Express and other mail/superfast express. Direct train service is available for other major cities like Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai, Patna, Guwahati, Pune, Haridwar, Varanasi, Jaipur and Jammu Tawi. Some prestigious trains that halt in Jalandhar City railway station are Howrah Mail, Golden Temple Mail (Frontier Mail), New-Delhi Amritsar Shatabdi Express, Paschim Express. Now many trains of Jammu route are extend up to Mata Vaishno Devi-Katra.
By road
There is a large network of bus services of Punjab, Himachal, Delhi, Haryana, Pepsu, Chandigarh, U.P., Jammu & Kashmir, Uttrakhand, Rajasthan State Roadways, apart from private operators. Jalandhar has many good road services.
Commerce
Shopping & Real Estate
Shopping malls in Jalandhar include:
- Viva Collage Mall
- MBD Neopollis
- The Galleria
- Curo High Street
- Sarb Multiplex
- Splendor Shagun
- PPR Mall
- Naaz Shopping Center
- The Metropolitan
- City Square
- Vasal Tower
- LPU Shoping Mall
- Lovely Mart
- Lovely Bakers
- One Stop Shope
- Jyoti Mall
- Chunmun Mall
- The Parikrama
- The City Square
Religious places
- Gurduwara Thra Sahib (Hazara Village)
- Gurudwara Singh Sabha (Jalandhar Cantt)
- Mayaan da Gurudwara (Jalandhar Cantt)
- Gurudwara Kakipind Rama mandi
- Devi Talab Mandir
- Imam Nasir Mausoleum and Jamma Masjid
- Shiv Mandir
- Shiv Bari Mandir
- Tulsi Mandir
- Gurdwara Chhevin Pathshahi
- Gurudwara Singh Sabha-Model Town
- Gurudwara Talhan Sahib
- St Mary's Cathedral Church (Jalandhar Cantt)
- Gurudwara Nauwi Patshahi
- Church of North India (CNI) Mission Compound
- Gurudwara Makhdoompura
- Gurdwara Panj Tirth Sahib (Jandu Singha)
- Gurudwara Baba Shaheed Nihal Singh Ji Talhan
- Sankat Mochan Hanuman Mandir (phillar tehsil)
- Singh Sabha Gurudwara Sahib (chuharwali)
- shri Guru Ravidass Gurudwara (chuharwali)
Leisure
- Pushpa Gujral Science City
- Fun City
- Shaheed-E-Azam Sardar Bhagat Museum Khatkar Kalan
- Company Bagh
- Niku Park, Model Town
- Wonder Land[9]
- Adarsh Nagar Park
- PVR, MBD Neopolis, BMC chowk
- PVR, Curo Highstreet
Media
Doordarshan Kendra, Jalandhar is an Indian television station in Jalandhar, owned and operated by state-owned Doordarshan, the television network of Prasar Bharati (Broadcasting Corporation of India).[10] It was established in 1979 and produces and broadcasts the 24-hour Punjabi language TV channel, DD Punjabi, which was launched in 1998 and covers most of the state of Punjab, India.
The city is the region's headquarters for newspapers, national television and radio stations. These include Daily Ajit, Jagbani, Punjab Kesari, Dainik Jagran, Hindustan Times, The Tribune, Dainik Bhaskar, Hind Samachar, etc.[11][12][13][14]
State-owned All India Radio has a local station in Jalandhar that transmits programs of mass interest. FM local radio stations include:
- Radio Mantra 91.9 MHz
- BIG FM 92.7 92.7 MHz
- 94.3 FM-My Fm- 94.3 MHz
- Radio Mirchi 98.3 MHz
- Ghanchi Media
Healthcare
According to the Municipal Corporation of Jalandhar, there are over 423 hospitals in Jalandhar. This city claim the highest numbers of hospitals in south Asia.Quality health treatment centers,specialist hospitals are situated in this city.
Sports
Cricket
Cricket is very popular in grounds and streets of the city. There is an international-standard stadium at Burlton Park. The Indian cricket team played a Test Match against the Pakistan cricket team on this ground on 24 September 1983.
Kabaddi
Major Kabaddi matches are usually held at Guru Gobind Singh Stadium.
Guru Gobind Singh Stadium
Guru Gobind Singh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Jalandhar. It is usually used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of JCT Mills Football Club. People can be seen jogging, playing soccer, weight-lifting, etc. in the stadium most of the time. The Punjab government has started new projects at the stadium.
Surjit Hockey Stadium
Surjeet Hockey Stadium is a field hockey stadium in Jalandhar, Punjab, India. It is named after Jalandhar-born Olympian Surjit Singh. This stadium is home of the franchise Sher-e-Punjab of the World Series Hockey.
Sports college
There is a Government Sports College in the city and it is a focus for many of the National Sports Councils. In this college, many sports are played like cricket, hockey, swimming, volleyball, basketball, etc.
Education
Schools
Innocent Hearts School, Jalandhar: A Premier School of Innocent Hearts Group of Institutions (IHGI).
Colleges
Higher education institutions include:
- DAV University Jalandhar
- DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology
- CT Group of Institute, Jalandhar
- DAV College, Jalandhar
- Innocent Hearts Group of Institutions (IHGI), Jalandhar.
- Punjab Technical University
- Doaba Collage
- St. Soldier Management & Technical Institute
- Sant Baba Bhag Singh University
- PCMSD college for women
- Apeejay Institute of Management Technical Campus, Jalandhar (Punjab)[15]
- Trinity Collage
- Mehr Chand Polytechnic College
- B.D Arya Girls collage
- Lyallpur Khalsa College
- Lyallpur Khalsa College for Women
- KCL Group of Institute
- Mata Gujri Institute of Nursing
- Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences
- Delhi Public School[16]
Universities
- National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar
- DAV University
- Lovely Professional University
- Sant Baba Bhag Singh University
- Khalsa College
Jalandhar Cantonment
Notable people
Yash Pal Suri - Freedom Fighter and Notable journalist of Milap -1992
Name | Occupation |
---|---|
Yash Chopra | Producer/Director[17] |
Dr. Ranbir Singh Kanwar | Sugarcane Researcher, Director of Research (Agriculture) PAU, Director of Research Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University[18] |
Vanya Mishra | Winner of Miss India Femina 2012 |
Lawrence Durrell | Expatriate British novelist, poet, dramatist, and travel writer[19] |
Sunil Dutt | Actor[20] |
Kundan Lal Saigal | Actor/Singer[21] |
Amrish Puri | Actor[22] |
Jazzy B | Singer |
Sukhwinder Panchhi | Singer |
Apache Indian | Singer |
Sarbjit Cheema | Singer |
Kanth Kaler | Singer |
Master Saleem | Singer |
Hans Raj Hans | Singer |
Jagjit Singh | Singer |
Jasbir Jassi | Singer |
Bahadur Singh | Indian former shot putter who won gold medal |
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq | 4th Chief Martial Law Administrator and the sixth President of Pakistan |
Diwan Bhai Abdul Hamid | Revenue and Chief Minister of Kapurthala State |
Hafeez Jullundhri | Writer and poet |
Baba Kashmira Singh | Head of Sidhant Sant Samaj or Gurbani |
Paul Nischal | NRI President, first Indian candidate for the British Political Party |
Col. Balbir Singh Kullar | Hockey Player |
Varinder Singh Ghuman | Bodybuilder, Wrestler and Punjabi Film Actor |
Ajit Pal Singh | Hockey Player |
Surjit Singh | Hockey Player |
Pargat Singh | Hockey Player |
Inder Kumar Gujral | Former Prime Minister of India |
Harbhajan Singh | Cricketer |
Wasim Sajjad | Two-time Acting President of Pakistan, Ex Chairman of Senate |
Sheikh Anwarul Haq | Former Chief Jistice |
Mian Mohammed Sharif | Surveyor General |
Lala Amarnath | Cricketer |
Lala Jagat Narain | Freedom fighter and founder of Punjab Kesri |
Rannvijay Singh | Indian Actor who acts in Bollywood and Punjabi Films and also a VJ on MTV India |
Basheer Hussain Najafi | One of the six Grand Ayatollahs |
Sardar Swaran Singh | Politician |
Udham Singh (field hockey) | Hockey Player |
Darshan Singh (field hockey) | Hockey Player |
Salma Mumtaz | Actress |
Ashwini Kumar Chopra | Journalist, Politician (MP-Karnal) |
Kartar Singh Duggal | Writer |
Kulwant Singh Virk | Writer |
Ishar Singh (poet) | Poet |
Sadhu Singh Hamdard | Freedom fighter and Writer |
Prem Parkash | Writer |
Ajit Saini | Writer and Army General |
Hasrat | Writer |
Gurbachan Singh Talib | Writer |
Gurdial Singh | Writer and novelist |
Chaudhry Muhammad Ali | Former Prime Minister of Pakistan |
Swami Shraddhanand | Indian educationist and an Arya Samaj missionary |
Wazir Ali | Cricketer |
R. Paul Dhillon | Indo-Canadian journalist |
Arun Shourie | Politician, author and journalist |
Agha Sadiq | Writer and poet |
Dharam Singh Uppal | Athlete |
Balbir Singh, Sr. | Hockey Player |
Mandeep Singh | Cricketer |
Vimi | Actress |
Ranvir Shorey | Actor |
Sugandha Mishra | Singer,Anchor,Comedian |
Surbhi Jyoti | Actress |
General Zia ul Haq | x Chief of army Staff and president of Pakistan |
Garry Sandhu | Singer |
Diljit Dosanjh | Superstar, Actor and Singer |
Vijay Sampla | State Minister in Union Govt |
Bhagat Chunni Lal | Minister in Punjab Govt |
Ram Kapoor | Actor |
Mohinder Singh Kaypee | Politician |
Sardar Buta Singh | Ex-Home Minister of India |
Balraj Singh Kehra | MTV Roadies X4 Winner |
Jaswinder Singh Khambra | Historian, Writer, Sain Ratan |
References
- ↑ India, Pushpa Gujral Science city Kapurthala,. "Welcome to Pushpa Gujral Science City".
- ↑ India, Pushpa Gujral Science city Kapurthala,. "Welcome to Pushpa Gujral Science City".
- ↑ "Municipal Corporation Jalandhar".
- ↑ http://www.mcjalandhar.in/mayor-message.html/
- ↑ "Welcome to Official Website of Jalandhar District, Punjab".
- ↑ http://www.weather.com/weather/monthly/INXX0060?from=dayDetails_bottomnav_business| title = Average Weather for Jalandhar — Temperature and Precipitation | accessdate = November 4, 2012|publisher = The Weather Channel
- ↑ "Jalandhar District Population Census 2011, Punjab literacy sex ratio and density".
- ↑ Census India 2011 - Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above
- ↑ "Wonderland". Wonderlandthemepark. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
- ↑ "DOORDARSHAN KENDRA, BHAGWAN MAHAVIR MARG, JALANDHAR CITY".
- ↑ "हिन्दी समाचार | ताज़ा खबरें | विश्व समाचार - Punjab Kesari". Punjabkesari.in. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
- ↑ "Jalandhar — Punjab — Page 1". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
- ↑ "Jalandhar News, Jalandhar Hindi News, Jalandhar News Headlines, Daily News Paper, Local News". Bhaskar.com. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
- ↑ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India". Tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
- ↑ "Top MBA ,MCA Colleges in North India, Punjab, Jalandhar - Apeejay Institute of Management Technical Campus".
- ↑ National Institute of Technology, G T Road, Jalandhar
- ↑ http://www.hindustantimes.com/jalandhar/king-khan-salutes-yash-chopra-s-alma-mater/article1-956296.aspx. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ↑ Ranbir Singh Kanwar
- ↑ "The Modern Novel".
- ↑ "village khurd in jalandhar".
- ↑ "imdb".
- ↑ "veethi".
External links
Look up Jalandhar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jalandhar. |
- Jalandhar travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official website
- Paper about the Jalandhari presence in the UK, Centre for Applied South Asian Studies (CASAS)