Joan E. Taylor

Joan Taylor

Joan Taylor is a historian of Jesus, the Bible, early Christianity, the Dead Sea Scrolls and Second Temple Judaism, with special expertise in archaeology, women and gender, and the work of Philo of Alexandria. She is also a novelist. Taylor is the Professor of Christian Origins and Second Temple Judaism at King's College London.

Academic career

After a BA degree at Auckland University, New Zealand. Joan completed a three-year post-graduate degree in Divinity at the University of Otago, and then went to the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem (Kenyon Institute) as Annual Scholar in 1986. She undertook a PhD in early Christian archaeology and Jewish-Christianity at New College, Edinburgh University, as a Commonwealth Scholar.

In 1990 she accompanied her husband, human rights lawyer Paul Hunt, to Geneva and then to the Gambia, returning to New Zealand in 1992. She was lecturer, subsequently senior lecturer, at the University of Waikato, New Zealand, in the departments of both Religious Studies and History. In 1995 she won an Irene Levi-Sala prize in archaeology for the book version of her PhD thesis, Christians and the Holy Places (Oxford: Clarendon, 1993, rev. 2003). In 1996-7 she was Visiting Lecturer and Research Associate in Women’s Studies in New Testament at Harvard Divinity School, a position she held in association with a Fulbright Award. She joined the staff of King's College London, Department of Theology and Religious Studies, in 2009, and in 2012 became Professor of Christian Origins and Second Temple Judaism.^[1]

Research

The Therapeutae

Taylor travelled to Egypt in 1999 to research the area surrounding Lake Mareotis where the Therapeutae lived according to Philo of Alexandria.^[2] Later, she published her archaeological findings beside her textual analysis of Philo's De Vita Contemplativa in her Jewish Women Philosophers of First-Century Alexandria: Philo's 'Therapeutae' Reconsidered. Taylor challenged the belief that the Therapeutae was an Essenic community ^[3] and showed that the Mareotic community belonged to the Alexandrian milieu with its Jewish Diaspora community. She argued that the best historical context to Philo's Contemp. is the bitter hostilities between the Jews and the Greeks of Alexandria.^[4] She also managed to discover the location of the community at a low hill, in the ridge which was called "the Strip."^[5] Her findings were welcomed in scholarship.^[6] Pieter W. van der Horst found her discovery and analysis thorough and convincing, which makes a shift in our understanding of the context of this group.^[7] The prominent Second Temple scholar John J. Collins also accepted the "richly documented" conclusions of Taylor.^[8] Yet, he shared van der Horst's reluctance to agree with Taylor's suggestion that the Therapeutae were associated with the extreme allegorizers in Philo's (Migr.Ab. 89-93) due to Philo's sympathy toward the Therapeutae. Her study also proposed a new view of first century Jewish women since the Therapeutrides (Θεραπευτρίδες) were highly educated philosophers. This view further supported the contribution of feminist observations to historical investigation, according to Annewies van den Hoek of Harvard Divinity School.^[9]

John the Baptist

Taylor's ground-breaking work on John the Baptist situated John within the context of Second Temple Judaism and argued that his baptism should be understood in line with forms of immersion for ritual purity known at the time.^[10][11] John's baptism rid the body of ritual impurity after the inner being had been cleansed by repentance, action and forgiveness, preparing people for the eschatological arrival of a coming figure. In her careful analysis of issues surrounding the traditions of the Baptist like purification, she showed that John's baptism should not be understood through the duality of outer symbolism and inner repentance, as John Dominic Crossan stated earlier, but outer and inner purity.^[12] The significance of the book, as Bruce Chilton puts it, is in treating the tradition of the Baptist in its own historical context, not under the shadow of New Testament Christology.^[13] Her analysis instilled scholarly debates of the relationship between Qumran and John the Baptist as well as formative Christianity with a spectrum of opinions over her findings.^[14]

Archaeology

Since her PhD and early work on the archaeology of Christian holy sites, Taylor has ranged from studying the archaeology of the goddess Asherah to questions of archaeology and historical geography (in Eusebius' Onomasticon, and particularly to the excavations of Qumran and the Qumran Caves, particularly contributing to discussion of the relationship between literary and archaeological evidence for understanding the past (in On Pliny, the Essene Location and Kh. Qumran).

Literature

Joan Taylor is a writer of narrative history, novels and poetry (sometimes using her mother’s maiden name of Norlev). Her first novel, Conversations with Mr. Prain, was published by Melville House Publishing in New York, and Hardie Grant in Melbourne, in 2006, and republished by Melville House. Her second novel, kissing Bowie, was published by Seventh Rainbow, London, in 2013.

Media

Joan frequently works in media as historical/editorial consultant, presenter and interviewee, as well as a discussion panellist. Her documentary appearances include:

• 2015 'The Last Days Of Jesus' (Channel 5), ^[15]
• 2015 'In the Footsteps of St Peter' (BBC One), ^[16]
• 2015 ‘Finding Jesus’ (CNN), Episode 2 and 5.^[17]
• 2015 ‘The Big Questions’, Series 8, Episode 2.^[18]
• 2013 Panelist in BBC 4 round table discussion of the film, ‘Searching for Exile’, with the director Ilan Ziv, chaired by Ed Stourton.^[19]
• 2013 Programme Consultant and interviewee, BBC 1 documentary, ‘The Mystery of Mary Magdalene’ (Good Friday), presented by Melvyn Bragg.^[20]
• 2012 Interviewee on panel, in ‘Follow the Star’, BBC Radio 2, presented by Hardeep Singh Kohli, recorded Greenwich Planetarium, broadcast Dec. 23rd.^[21]
• 2011 Presenter and interviewee on location for ‘The Story of Jesus’, CTVC/Big Book Media for BBC1 (first screening Easter 2011): historical consultant and designer of 15 minute segment on John the Baptist.^[22]

Jesus and Brian

Taylor organised an international conference focusing on the new hermeneutic of reception exegesis, by considering the historical Jesus through the lens of Monty Python’s Life of Brian in June 2014,^[23] involving the participation of John Cleese and Terry Jones, who were interviewed as part of the event. ^[24] The papers are published in a book edited by Taylor, Jesus and Brian: Exploring the Historical Jesus and his Times via Monty Python's Life of Brian.

Books

Author

• Christians and the Holy Places: The Myth of Jewish Christian Origins (Oxford: Clarendon, 1993; rev. ed. 2003).
• with Shimon Gibson, Beneath the Church of the Holy Sepulchre: The Archaeology and Early History of Traditional Golgotha (London: Palestine Exploration Fund*, 1994).
• The Immerser: John the Baptist within Second Temple Judaism (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1997; also published as John the Baptist: A Historical Study (London: SPCK, 1997).
• Jewish Women Philosophers of First-Century Alexandria - Philo’s ‘Therapeutae’ Reconsidered (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003; paperback edition 2006).
• The Englishman, the Moor and the Holy City: The True Adventures of an Elizabethan Traveller (Stroud: Tempus/History Press, 2006).
• The Essenes, the Scrolls and the Dead Sea (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012).

Editor and contributor

• Palestine in the Fourth Century. The Onomasticon by Eusebius of Caesarea, introduced and edited by Joan E. Taylor, translated by Greville Freeman-Grenville, and indexed by Rupert Chapman III (Jerusalem: Carta, 2003).
• (annotator and editor), Cecilie Hertz, Livserindringer - Memories of My Life: A Woman’s Life in 19th-Century Denmark, transl. by Birgit Norlev Taylor (New York/Lampeter: Edwin Mellen, 2009).
• (editor), The Body in Biblical, Christian and Jewish Texts (London: T&T Clark Bloomsbury,* 2014).
• (editor). Jesus and Brian: Exploring the Historical Jesus and his Times via Monty Python's Life of Brian (London: T&T Clark Bloomsbury, 2015).

Literary work

• (author, novel) Conversations with Mr. Prain (New Jersey: Melville House Publishing,* 2006; Melbourne: Hardie Grant, 2006); reissued, revised with a new cover and reading group questions, 2011.
• kissing Bowie (novel) (London: Seventh Rainbow, 2013).

References