History of PAX (event)

PAX
Status Active
Genre Gaming (videogame, tabletop, CCG, role-playing)
Venue Washington State Convention Center (PAX West)
Westin Seattle (PAX Dev)
Boston Convention and Exhibition Center (PAX East)
Melbourne Exhibition Centre (PAX Australia)
Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center (PAX South)
Location(s)

Washington (state) Seattle, Washington (PAX West, PAX Dev)
Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts (PAX East)

Victoria (Australia) Melbourne, Victoria (PAX Australia)
Texas San Antonio, Texas (PAX South)
Country United States United States (PAX West, PAX Dev, PAX East, PAX South)
Australia Australia (PAX Australia)
Inaugurated 2004 (PAX West)
2010 (PAX East)
2011 (PAX Dev)
2013 (PAX Australia)
2015 (PAX South)
Attendance 70,000+ (2011, PAX Prime)
Organized by Penny Arcade
Website
http://www.paxsite.com

The history of PAX (originally known as Penny Arcade Expo) began in 2004, with the first event held in Bellevue, Washington, and held annually in Seattle since then. In 2010, a new event was also held in Boston, Massachusetts at which point the two events were differentiated with the names PAX West (on the West Coast; previously PAX Prime) and PAX East (on the East Coast). In 2011, an event was held in Seattle, Washington, and dubbed Pax Dev. In 2013, an event was held in Melbourne, Australia, and dubbed PAX Australia. In 2015, an event was held in San Antonio, Texas, and dubbed PAX South.

PAX/PAX Prime/PAX West

PAX 2004

PAX attendees crowding the lobby of Bellevue's Meydenbauer Center

On April 12, 2004, the authors of Penny Arcade announced PAX, the Penny Arcade Expo.[1] PAX 2004 was a two-day event held at the Meydenbauer Center in Bellevue, Washington from August 28 to 29, 2004, which they hoped would turn into an annual event. Several exhibitors, including Warner Bros., Microsoft, Rooster Teeth and Ubisoft, showcased videos and playable demos of their upcoming games at PAX 2004. Microsoft allowed attendees to experience a multiplayer level of Halo 2 months before it hit stores in addition to a number of other Xbox games, while Ubisoft showed Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory, Ghost Recon 2 and two other titles. Warner Bros. brought all of its E3 assets for "The Matrix Online" to the show as well as several hands-on stations for the game.

Included amongst the events of the first PAX were live musical performances by bands including The Minibosses, panels featuring Penny Arcade creators Mike Krahulik and Jerry Holkins as well as others in the video game industry, and the Omegathon, a contest where twenty contestants played a series of games for a chance at winning an excessively large video game collection worth in excess of $25,000.

The contestants competed in a tabletop dice game called Diceland, Halo (Xbox), Mario Kart: Double Dash!! (GameCube), Dance Dance Revolution, Doom (PC) and the original home version of Pong. Sean Celaya defeated Kevin Potter in the final round to take home the grand prize becoming the PAX 2004 Omegathon champion.

Penny Arcade claimed that precisely 1337 (or "leet") people pre-registered, to which Holkins mused, "though I ordinarily shun leet-speak that number clearly implies the blessing of gaming deities."[2] Roughly 3,300 people attended the event.

PAX 2005

PAX 2005 took place from August 26 to 28, 2005 at the Meydenbauer Center in Bellevue, Washington, where the first PAX was held. PAX 2005, unlike its predecessor, occupied the entire center, effectively doubling the usable floor space. Sponsors included Nintendo, Sony, Microsoft, Ubisoft and NCsoft, among others.

Musical guests included the rock groups The Minibosses and The Neskimos, self-professed "professional hardcore gangster rapper" mc chris, pianists Martin Leung and Connie Lin, nerdcore hiphopper MC Frontalot, and rap/funk group Optimus Rhyme, who performed live in two separate concerts in a massive theater.

Events from PAX 2004 such as Pitch Your Game Idea, Red vs. Blue, a screening of the 1989 film 'The Wizard', and Penny Arcade Q&A made encore appearances. New events included Beat The Pros and industry panels on online gaming, the videogame marketing process, and controversy in the industry.

Omegathon II was an even more elaborate affair than its predecessor. Krahulik said that, "[At PAX 2005] we will deliver an even bigger prize to the winner of the Omegathon."[3] It was revealed that prize would be the complete NES video game library, with a claimed value of at least $10,099.99.[4] The prize was locked in a large cage in the exhibition room and also included two Star Wars-themed Alienware gaming PCs, one of which would go to the winner and the other to the runner-up. Contestants competed in the tabletop game Diceland, Mario Kart: Double Dash!!, Katamari Damacy, Karaoke Revolution, Quake, and the Atari 2600 game Combat. In a four-round match, Luke "Coreside" Armstrong defeated Will "LeRoy" Garroutte by a single point to win the best-of-three series 2-1-1 and take home the grand prize. In total, more than 9,000 gamers attended PAX 2005, almost triple the previous year's attendance.

In response to Hurricane Katrina, Penny Arcade auctioned off the original pencil sketch of the PAX 2005 program cover on eBay with the profit to be given to the American Red Cross. It was sold to Christian Boggs for the final price of $8,700. Mr. Boggs also placed the winning bid of $20,000 on an auction to appear in a Penny Arcade comic strip at the 2005 Child's Play Charity Dinner.[5][6]

PAX 2006

PAX 2006 was held from August 25 to 27, 2006. The Meydenbauer Center in Bellevue was again used as the venue, although the Tabletop Gaming area was moved offsite to the ballrooms at the nearby Red Lion hotel. Exhibit space at PAX 06 completely sold out in less than three months, with exhibitors including Nintendo, Microsoft, Ubisoft, Turbine Inc, Technomancer Press, NCSoft, Rooster Teeth Productions, Creative Labs, Wizards of the Coast, and nVidia. Because they applied one month before PAX 2006, Sony was unable to attend, as exhibitor space was also sold out. According to Krahulik, there were 19,323 attendees.[7]

PAX 2006 Exhibitor Hall

In the Omegathon, returning Omeganaut Will "LeRoy" Garroutte defeated David "Davertron" Davis in the final round of the Omegathon: head to head Tetris. LeRoy took away a brand new Scion car fully loaded with custom wheels, custom sound, LCD TV, Xbox 360 Premium, wireless controllers, and more. Davertron left with an Xbox 360 Premium and $500 Best Buy gift card, and returned as an Omeganaut in 2007.

Holkins and PA business manager Robert Khoo led the way into Omegathon Round 5, Guitar Hero II. After playing through "Trippin on a Hole In a Paper Heart" on expert, Holkins smashed the guitar on stage.[8]

Krahulik and Holkins announced the first ever Penny Arcade video game. Titled "On The Rain-Slick Precipice of Darkness: Episode One", (which has since been released) and that the game would feature PA characters in episodic adventures. Details were few; when asked what the game was about, Holkins replied "Gabe. Tycho. And Cthulhu."

Krahulik and Holkins also announced a Penny Arcade annual scholarship, wherein one applicant with an intention to work in the game industry will be awarded $10,000 toward tuition expenses.[9]

Several game companies ran large prize tournaments and giveaways, including ArenaNet ($10,000 prize tourney), TableStar ($2,500 prize tourney), and Nvidia (several thousand dollars' worth of video cards).

PAX 2007

The fourth annual Penny Arcade Expo took place August 24 to 27, 2007, and experienced its first year within the confines of the 130,000 square feet (12,000 m2) of the Washington State Convention and Trade Center, more than doubling the space used to house PAX 2006.[10] The massive Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) was heavily downsized in 2006, which allowed the growing Penny Arcade Expo to become the biggest gamer festival in North America. Headliners for 2007’s PAX included Nintendo, Microsoft and Sony, as well as others such as Ubisoft, NCSoft, THQ, Wizards of the Coast, Namco-Bandai, Vivendi, Konami and 45 other game publishers and developers. The 2007 keynote speech was delivered by Wil Wheaton.

Attendance was reported at 39,000.[11] For the final round of the Omegathon, Ryan "Accalon" Zack and Ben "MNC Dover" Gray competed on never before seen levels of Halo 3. Accalon won the grand prize, $5000 and a trip to the Tokyo Game Show.

While the convention was housed on three of the floors of the Washington State Convention and Trade Center, the exhibition hall was certainly a busy place, featuring educational, video game and tabletop exhibitors, as well as retailers. The layout of the exhibition hall allowed visitors to peruse through a variety of displays, offering places where they could win their weight in Ramen noodles or enter the World's Smallest Dungeon, as hosted by Technomancer Press.

PAX 2008

On October 26, 2007, Penny Arcade announced PAX 2008. PAX '08 was again held at the Washington State Convention and Trade Center, and covered the weekend of August 29–31.[12] The pre-show attendance estimate was 45,000, but this was soon thought to be a low guess.[13] The final count of tickets sold was reported as 58,500, including 45,000 pre-registered tickets. The 2008 keynote was delivered by Ken Levine.

The exhibition hall space was doubled from that of 2007, and tabletop gaming and an additional panel room was located in the Pike Street Annex of the convention center, the first time this space has been used for PAX. Despite the large increase in convention space, overflow still occurred at some events.[14]

New for 2008 was the PAX 10, a judged selection of self-submitted independent games on which attendees voted for a favorite. PAX 10 selections include Chronotron, the Maw, and Schizoid. To account for crowds, one empty exhibition room was explicitly reserved for the purpose of holding queues for the popular events in the main theater and other queues as needed.

PAX 2008 came to a close with Fallout and Geko playing Vs. Excitebike, again for $5000 and a trip to the Tokyo Game Show. Geko was victorious.

PAX 2009

PAX 2009 was held on September 4–6, 2009 at the Washington State Convention and Trade Center.[15] The total attendance of the convention was 60,750.[16] The keynote speaker was Ron Gilbert.

Musical guests included previous performers Anamanaguchi, Freezepop, Jonathan Coulton, Molly Lewis and MC Frontalot, along with first-time PAX appearances by Metroid Metal and Paul & Storm.

For the first time, PAX occupied the entire convention center to accommodate an increase in attendees.[17] Despite the increase in capacity, two days before the start of the show, PAX passes were sold out for the first time. Penny Arcade then announced that no passes would be sold on-site, however circumstances allowed on-site sales of 1,000 extra one-day passes each for Saturday and Sunday.[18][19]

After many attendees reported feeling sick,[20] an H1N1 outbreak was later confirmed.[21][22][23] At least 100 cases of H1N1 virus infections were confirmed in attendees after the convention.[24]

PAX Prime 2010

Pax Prime 2010

PAX Prime 2010 was held from September 3–5, and once again took place at the Washington State Convention Center. Attendance was reported at 67,600, compared to that of PAX Prime 2009's 60,750.[25] The keynote was given by Warren Spector.

Musical guests included Anamanaguchi, Jonathan Coulton, MC Frontalot, Metroid Metal, The Minibosses, Paul and Storm, Martin O'Donnell, and The Protomen.[26]

For the first time since occupying the Washington State Convention and Trade Center, PAX Prime 2010 included events at offsite locations. Instead of occupying just the exposition hall at the Center, the keynote speech, large panels, and concerts were held at Benaroya Hall. The Pike St. Annex (since renamed to The Conference Center) was used (as it was in 2007), as well as the registration and one panel room located at the nearby Sheraton. These changes allowed PAX Prime 2010's expo hall to double in size vs. 2009.[27]

Notable games:

Notable hardware:

PAX Prime 2011

Announced on the PAX Prime website on January 13, 2011, PAX Prime 2011 took place from August 26 to 28. The event brought in over 70,000 attendees, breaking the attendance record set at PAX East 2011 and making it the largest PAX to date.[28] The keynote was delivered by David Jaffe.

Musical guests included the familiar performances of The MiniBosses, Metroid Metal, MC Frontalot, Paul & Storm, Jonathan Coulton. In addition, Supercommuter and The Video Game Orchestra made debut performances.

Notable events included Halo Fest - a celebration of the first 10 years of Halo history.[29]

PAX Dev 2011

Being held for the first time in 2011, PAX Dev is an event exclusive to the game development community. It took place on the two days prior to PAX Prime 2011, August 24 and 25, at the Sheraton Seattle Hotel. There were 750 attendees, all of whom are involved in game development. Press were not allowed to attend the event.[30]

PAX Prime 2012

PAX Prime 2012 took place on Labor Day weekend (August 31 through September 2). [31] Badges for the event went on sale April 25. However, due to technical issues, badge sales were halted on the same day. A week later, on May 2, sales resumed and within 5 hours all 3-day badges were sold out.[32][33] The keynote was delivered by Ted Price.

Concerts were held in the evenings at the Paramount, featuring The Protomen, Video Game Orchestra, Sam Hart, Supercommuter, Paul and Storm, Jonathan Coulton, and MC Frontalot. Special guests on stage at the Saturday night concert included Wil Wheaton, John Roderick, Aubrey Webber of The Doubleclicks, and Hank Green.

Notable events included the League of Legends North American Regional tournament hosted by Riot Games, which took over most of the sixth floor and drew a crowd of thousands of fans and cosplayers.

PAX Prime 2013

PAX Prime 2013 was the first four-day PAX and took place from August 30 to September 2, 2013.[34] Badges for the event went on sale April 17, 2013. 4 day passes sold out within 23 minutes.[35] All badges for the event were sold out entirely in five and a half hours.[36] The keynote speaker was Peter Molyneux.[37]

PAX Prime 2014

PAX Prime 2014 took place from August 29 to September 1, 2014.[38] Badges for the event went on sale May 28, 2014.[39] The 4-day passes sold out within 15 minutes, and all badges were sold out within 75 minutes.[40] The keynote speaker was Mikey Neumann, the writer of Borderlands: Origins.[41]

PAX Prime 2015

PAX Prime 2015 was held on August 28–31.[42] The event featured tournaments for Super Smash Bros. for Wii U and Super Smash Bros. Melee, which were won by Gonzalo "ZeRo" Barrios and Jason "Mew2King" Zimmerman respectively.[43]

PAX Dev 2015

PAX Dev 2015 was held August 26–27 at the Westin Seattle. Popular visitors included Smosh Games, Markiplier, PewDiePie, and JackSepticEye.

PAX West 2016

PAX West 2016 was held on September 2–5. On November 18, 2015, it was silently confirmed that PAX Prime was being renamed to PAX West.[44]

PAX East

PAX East 2010

The first PAX East was held March 26 to 28, 2010 at the John B. Hynes Veterans Memorial Convention Center in Boston, Massachusetts.[45] A partnership was arranged with Reed Exhibitions to handle the logistics of the expo. This event, first announced in August 2008,[45] was the first Penny Arcade Expo outside Washington state.

On December 23, 2009, Mike Krahulik announced that the number of pre-registrants indicate PAX East Coast may exceed the number of attendees of any previous PAX.[46] It was later announced in January 2010 that tickets for PAX East were close to selling out, and that attendance would most likely be capped as the previous PAX 2009, leaving little-to-no tickets being available at the door for the event. On February 3, 2010 Penny Arcade Expo's business head Robert Khoo updated his Twitter page with word that 3-day badges had sold out for the event.[47]

Later in February 2010 the lineup of exhibitors and panel discussions were announced for the full weekend, along with the announcement of the musical guests planned to perform at the event, such as Anamanaguchi, Metroid Metal, MC Frontalot, The Protomen, the Video Game Orchestra and Jonathan Coulton. The keynote speaker was Wil Wheaton, who had previously given the keynote at PAX Prime 2007.

The final attendance count was revealed to be 52,290 attendees for the full weekend of PAX East.[48] Plans have been confirmed to use the Boston Convention and Exhibition Center (BCEC) for future PAX East conventions,[49] likely due to complaints of overcrowding and cramped event halls at the much smaller Hynes Convention Center. Penny Arcade has signed an agreement to keep the show in Boston through 2013.[50][51]

PAX East 2011

The PAX East 2011 was held March 11–13. It was held at the Boston Convention and Exhibition Center, or BCEC, in Boston, Massachusetts. The BCEC boasts a total area of 516,000 square feet (47,900 m2), over the Hynes' 193,000 square feet (17,900 m2) [289,100 square feet (26,860 m2) including the theater and meeting rooms].

The year's musical guests included Jonathan Coulton, MC Frontalot, Metroid Metal, Paul and Storm, The Protomen, and the Video Game Orchestra.[52] The keynote speaker was Jane McGonigal.

PAX East 2012

Expo hall at PAX East 2012

PAX East 2012 occurred April 6–8 at the Boston Convention and Exhibition Center. All of the passes sold out except for single-day Sunday passes (due to the event being held on Easter Weekend).[53] The Exhibition Hall held over 160 booths, including game design companies such as Riot Games and Electronic Arts, hardware companies such as Alienware/Dell and Xbox (Microsoft), and other various companies. PAX East also held a console freeplay area, where attendees could play games such as Deus Ex: Human Revolution, Dance Central 2, Tony Hawk Ride, and Rock Band Blitz, and various console tournaments for games such as Super Smash Bros Brawl, Tetris Splash, and Halo Reach. There was a PC freeplay area, where games such as Battlefield 3, League of Legends, and Minecraft could be played, and PC tournaments for Magic Online, League of Legends, and Starcraft 2. There was also a tabletop gaming area, where many types of games were being played, and where tournaments for games such as Puzzle Strike, Dominion, and Penny Arcade: The Game. There were also handheld tournaments, for games such as Mario Kart DS and Tetris DS. Panels were held during most of the day in the various theaters. Concerts were held in the evenings, featuring performers such as Minibosses, Metroid Metal, The Protomen, Video Game Orchestra, Paul and Storm, Jonathan Coulton, Supercommuter and MC Frontalot.[54]

PAX East 2013

PAX East 2013 took place March 22–24.[55] Passes went on sale October 8, 2012 and 3-day passes were sold out by the next day. All passes were completely sold out by February 28, 2013.[56]

At PAX East, Blizzard Entertainment announced their new game titled Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft a free to play collectible card game. Additionally, the console version of Diablo III was made playable for the first time. Games Including Dungeon Defenders 2, Marvel Heroes, Warface, Remember Me and Elder Scrolls Online were all playable in the expo hall. Many indie developers also came and showed off their games. Among these games were Qbots, Guacamelee, Outlast, Castle Story and Super Time Force which was also shown off at E3 2013.

Musical performances were: Jonathan Coulton, MC Frontalot, Paul and Storm, Protomen, Sam Hart, Those Who Fight, Video Game Orchestra and the Video Game Music Choir.

PAX East 2014

PAX East 2014 took place April 11–13. Passes went on sale on October 23, 2013. Three-day passes were sold out in under an hour and all passes were completely sold out by November 7, 2013.

An agreement reached in early 2012 extended Boston as the home of PAX East until 2023.[57]

Musical performances included: The Doubleclicks, MC Frontalot, Metroid Metal, Anamanaguchi, Bit Brigade, and The Video Game Orchestra [58]

PAX East 2015

PAX East 2015 was held from March 6–8, 2015.[59] The event featured content for Hearthstone, Heroes of the Storm, and Overwatch.

At PAX East, Blizzard announced a new adventure for Hearthstone entitled Blackrock Mountain.[60]

PAX East 2016

PAX East 2016 was held from April 22–24, 2016.

PAX Australia

PAX Australia 2013

PAX Australia 2013 was announced on the first day of PAX Prime in August 2012. The show took place in Melbourne, Australia from July 19–21, 2013[61] at the Melbourne Showgrounds and was organized locally by ReedPOP. PAX Australia was the first time that the Penny Arcade Expo was held outside of the US. Holkins and Krahulik, as well as Victorian Minister for Innovation Louise Asher, announced that PAX Australia will return in 2014.[62][63]

The keynote was conducted by Ron Gilbert.[64]

PAX Australia 2014

PAX Australia 2014 was held at the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre from October 31 to November 2.

Melbourne was also confirmed as the home of PAX Australia until 2019.[65]

PAX Australia 2015

PAX Australia 2015 was held at the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre from October 30 to November 1.[66]

PAX Australia 2016

PAX Australia 2016 will be held at the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre from November 4-6, 2016.

PAX South

PAX South 2015

The first PAX South was held in San Antonio, Texas at the Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center from January 23–25, 2015. It set a PAX record for highest attendance for a PAX event's inaugural year.[67]

PAX South 2016

PAX South 2016 was held in San Antonio, Texas at the Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center from January 29–31, 2016.

References

  1. ↑ Krahulik, Mike (April 12, 2004). "PAX is coming!". Penny Arcade. Retrieved July 14, 2010.
  2. ↑ "Gabriel The Orator". Penny Arcade. August 27, 2004. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
  3. ↑ Krahulik, Mike (February 9, 2005). "PAX '05". Penny Arcade. Penny Arcade, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  4. ↑ Krahulik, Mike (February 9, 2005). "Huge NES Collection". Penny Arcade. Penny Arcade, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  5. ↑ Krahulik, Mike (December 14, 2005). "Charity Dinner!". Penny Arcade. Penny Arcade, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  6. ↑ Holkins, Jerry (February 6, 2006). "In The House Of Boggs". Penny Arcade. Penny Arcade, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  7. ↑ Krahulik, Mike (February 9, 2005). "PAX 2006". Penny Arcade. Penny Arcade, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  8. ↑ Grant, Christopher (August 27, 2006). "PAX: Tycho melts faces at Guitar Hero Omegathon challenge". Joystiq. Weblogs, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  9. ↑ Dillon, Beth (August 28, 2006). "Penny Arcade Announces $10,000 Game Education Scholarship". Gamasutra. Think Services. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  10. ↑ Sinclair, Brendan (January 26, 2007). "Penny Arcade Expo doubles in size". Gamespot. CBS Interactive. Retrieved September 9, 2007.
  11. ↑ Magrino, Tom (August 29, 2009). "PAX 2010 descends on Boston". Gamespot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on September 7, 2009. Retrieved September 7, 2009.
  12. ↑ "PAX 2008 Dates Announced" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 10, 2008. Retrieved October 31, 2007.
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  14. ↑ Callaham, John (September 1, 2008). "Penny Arcade Expo: 58,500 attendees". Big Download. AOL LLC. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
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  16. ↑ Callaham, John (September 12, 2009). "Exclusive: PAX 2009 brings in 60,750 attendees". bigdownload. AOL. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
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  29. ↑ Veronica. "Official Halo Fest Information". Halo.xbox.com. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
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  45. 1 2 "Updates". Retrieved May 14, 2009.
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  47. ↑ "Twitter / Robert Khoo: We're 100% sold out of 3-d". Twitter.com. February 3, 2010. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
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  50. ↑ "Technology: Technology News". bostonherald.com.
  51. ↑ "PAX East to play in Boston longer, moving to BCEC". Boston Business Journal. July 7, 2010.
  52. ↑ Alexis M. (January 13, 2011). "PAX East 2011 musical performances announced". Gamingbits.com. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
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  56. ↑ "Google Sheets - create and edit spreadsheets online, for free.". google.com.
  57. ↑ Staff, Herald (February 15, 2012). "PAX East commits to Boston for 10 more years - BostonHerald.com". News.bostonherald.com. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
  58. ↑ http://www.originalsoundversion.com/pax-east-2014-music-guests-announced/
  59. ↑ Blizzard Preview: Hearthstone, Overwatch, and Heroes of the Storm.
  60. ↑ "Blackrock Mountain - New Cards, Card Backs, Gameboard, Cinematic". Curse.com. March 6, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
  61. ↑ Mark Serrels. "PAX Australia Is Heading To Melbourne". kotaku.com.au.
  62. ↑ "The FIX – Australia's number one entertainment destination". ninemsn.com.au.
  63. ↑ Mark Serrels. "PAX Officially Coming To Melbourne For The Next Two Years". kotaku.com.au.
  64. ↑ "PAX Australia". paxsite.com.
  65. ↑ "PAX Australia to stay in Melbourne for another five years". October 27, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
  66. ↑ Pax Aus 2015 Registration Now Open. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  67. ↑ PAX South Attendance Breaks Records. IGN. January 25, 2015]]
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