Haley Farm State Park

Haley Farm State Park
Connecticut State Park
Mountain biker on the crushed stone bike path near the turn to Groton's X-Town Trail and Gibson Pond in northeast Haley Farm State Park.
Country  United States
State  Connecticut
County New London
Town Groton
Elevation 43 ft (13 m) [1]
Coordinates 41°19′55″N 72°00′33″W / 41.33194°N 72.00917°W / 41.33194; -72.00917Coordinates: 41°19′55″N 72°00′33″W / 41.33194°N 72.00917°W / 41.33194; -72.00917 [1]
Area 267 acres (108 ha) [2]
Established 1970
Management Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
Location in Connecticut
Website: Haley Farm State Park

Haley Farm State Park is a publicly owned recreation area that preserves Colonial-era farmland as open space in the town of Groton, Connecticut. The site of the state park once formed part of the lands granted to Governor John Winthrop and later became a dairy farm. The park's 267 acres (108 ha) are connected to the adjacent Bluff Point Coastal Reserve by way of a pedestrian bridge over railroad tracks. Park activities are restricted to bicycling and walking. The park is managed by Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.[3]

History

Haley Farm homestead walls and ruins today.

Land containing the acreage for Haley Farm State Park was part of a larger parcel granted to John Winthrop, Jr., in 1649. Known as "John Winthrop the Younger," Winthrop was governor of the Saybrook Colony and is often recognized as "Connecticut's first governor." The land was later split up, with the piece containing Haley Farm designated as Fort Hill Farm. The farm was purchased by Starr Chester in 1789 and passed to Noyes Barber in 1833. The land was split again in 1852 with the farm being sold to Henry B. Lewis. Four hundred acres were sold to Caleb Haley in 1869 for the price of $12,000. Haley farmed the land, built stone walls throughout the property and raced horses around "Racetrack Pond." The land passed to his son, Samuel Haley, after his death in 1924. Samuel Haley continued to operate the farm until his death in 1947, when it was passed to his daughter Juliet Haley.[4] The farm produced cream and milk that was shipped to Noank, West Mystic and Mystic.[5] In 1953, the farm was sold out of the Haley family to A. C. White who abandoned the farm to develop a gully called Mumford Cove and placed the 250-acre parcel of land containing Haley Farm for sale.[4] In 1960, the homestead burned down and the other buildings eventually were demolished in 1973 after being documented for possible future reconstruction.[5]

In 1963, efforts were made to purchase the land to prevent it from being developed. The town opposed re-zoning the site for multi-residential development. The land was sold from Alcor Inc. to O&G Construction Co. as a 250-acre parcel in 1966. A total of 198 acres of land was returned to White when O&G Construction "were in arrears on their payments and back taxes."[4] In July 1970, the state acquired 198 acres of Haley Farm from A. C. White for a total of $300,000, with federal funding accounting for $150,000, state funding for $100,000, and the remaining $50,000 coming from the Groton Open Space Association, a local organization that completed raising the required funds in early 1970.[4][6] At the time, the Park and Forest Commission said there were no plans to make it into a park.[6] However, the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection recognizes that Haley Farm was officially made a Connecticut State Park in July 1970.[3]

In 1975, a bike trail from Mystic to Noank was established, part which goes through the Haley Farm State Park.[7][8]

In 2001, the "Racetrack Pond" area was purchased from the Mumford Cove Association. In 2002, a total of 57 acres was added to the park through the purchase 49.95 acres from Guerra-DeAngelis Trustees and 7.14 acres from Bowen Briggs for a total purchase price of $913,300.[4] The funds for the purchase, which was 30 years in the making, were provided by the State of Connecticut's Recreation and Natural Heritage Trust Program.[9]

Vegetation

Canopy Rock in southern Haley Farm State Park.

The park hosts a wide range of upland and wetland vegetation. Algae and intertidal plants can be found at the shore including salt meadow grass, sedge, and sphagnum moss; the park's swampy areas have red maple and tulip trees; the upland sections include cherry, hickory, and shrubs.[10]

Activities and amenities

Pedestrian Bridge (over railroad tracks) from Haley Farm State Park to Bluff Point State Park

The park offers trails for non-motorized uses: hiking, jogging, and cycling. The park is connected to Bluff Point Coastal Reserve over a pedestrian bridge that crosses Amtrak railroad tracks, built atop the former Groton and Stonington Street Railway bridge.[4][11] The park's 0.8-mile (1.3 km) bike trail forms part of a 7.5-mile (12.1 km) town-owned bikeway from Mystic to Groton.[3][12][13]

References

  1. 1 2 "Haley Farm State Park". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
  2. ↑ "Appendix A: List of State Parks and Forests" (PDF). State Parks and Forests: Funding. Staff Findings and Recommendations. Connecticut General Assembly. January 23, 2014. p. A-2. Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 "Haley Farm State Park". State Parks and Forests. Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. July 18, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sidney Van Zandt, Priscilla Pratt. "Haley Farm: A History". Groton Open Space Association. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  5. 1 2 Poro, Joan (June 1, 1973). "Carriage House Razed At Haley Farm". The Day. New London, Conn. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  6. 1 2 "All of Haley Farm is sought for park". The Day. New London, Conn. December 2, 1970. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  7. ↑ Rancourt, Linda (August 20, 1981). "State says nothing will stop motorcyclists at state park". The Day. New London, Conn. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  8. ↑ Although, as with other state parks, motorbikes are illegal and are not permitted to be used, in 1981, a $27,000 planned improvement to enhance the trail with stone dust resulted in objections and concerns by locals. Objections were raised on the belief the project would increase motorbike traffic in the park which could pose a hazard to hikers and bicyclers. Riding motorbikes in the state park is illegal, but it was also noted that staff was unable to effectively to catch the bikers and had limited means to deter them. The concern of motorcycle collisions were not without merit as a fatal motorcycle-to-motorcycle crash occurred in September 1980. The idea for trail barriers was rejected because the trail also needed to be able accommodate serve emergency vehicles which were already unable to access the trail effectively. Condon, Garrett (20 July 1981). "Improved trail may create new problems for neighbors". The Day. New London, Conn. Retrieved April 15, 2014. Rancourt, Linda (August 20, 1981). "State says nothing will stop motorcyclists at state park". The Day. New London, Conn. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  9. ↑ Alcedo, Gladys (June 5, 2002). "State adds 57 acres to Haley Farm State Park". The Day. New London, Conn. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  10. ↑ Leary, Joseph (2004). A Shared Landscape: A Guide & History of Connecticut's State Parks & Forests. Hartford, Conn.: Friends of the Connecticut State Parks, Inc. p. 24. ISBN 0974662909. According to Leary, the history of the area and region have been revealed through the study of the trees. In 1973, a white oak on the site was found to be 142 years old, in the upper end of the life expectancy of the species. The first 34 years of its life showed rapid growth, believed to have been a result of the 1815 New England hurricane which cleared out many of the older trees and opened the canopy. The rings show a widening in 1918 in response to the chestnut blight and further growth in response to the 1938 New England hurricane. The mid-to-late 1960s shows little growth and serves as evidence of the near-drought conditions of New England. Haley Farm State Park is a rare habitat that "squeezes a great variety of biological diversity into a very small space." The growth and composition of the forest changes based on the major storms and other biological intrusions that result in "constant change and continuous self-adjustment" that allows the forest to thrive. See Leary, p. 24.
  11. ↑ "G&S Trolley Trail". Town of Groton, Connecticut. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  12. ↑ Both the soil and bike trails are listed as "easy" by the America's State Parks website."Haley Farm State Park". America's State Parks. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  13. ↑ Hunting and target shooting is not allowed. Concerns with the proximity of residences and a high school led to the erection of signage in the early 1970s. "No-shooting signs planned at Haley Farm". The Day. New London, Conn. October 2, 1972. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
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