HMS Jufair

HMS Jufair HMS Juffair Mina Salman Support Facility
Juffair, Manama, Bahrain
Type	Naval Facility
Site information
Owner	United Kingdom
Controlled by	Royal Navy
Site history
Built	1934/5 2015/6
In use	1935-1971

HMS Jufair is a British Royal Navy base first established in Bahrain on 13 April 1935, as part of the port at Mina Salman. In 1950 the United States Navy leased space in HMS Jufair and following Bahraini independence in 1971, took over the base.^[1] In 2014, it was announced that HMS Juffair would be reestablished as a permanent Royal Navy base.^[2] Its due to be fully operational by mid-2017

History

Establishment

The first presence of the Royal Navy in the Persian Gulf came about from the need to control pirates raiding the British Empire ships east of the Gulf of Suez, especially the East India Company routes to India. In the early 1820s the rulers of Bahrain, Salman and Abdullah Al Khalifa, signed an agreement to try and limit piracy in the area. This was strengthened in 1835 through an agreement signed specifically with the Royal Navy, which addressed the need to stop pirates operating in the area, and limit the slave trade. In 1902 the first oil was discovered in the area, but commercial extraction did not begin until 1925 when Frank Holmes was given the first license, with the first oil not exported from Bahrain until 1932.^[3]

HMS Jufair

After the death of Sheikh Isa in 1932, having handed control of the state in 1921 under British diplomatic pressure to his son Hamad, his advisor Charles Belgrave with whom he had modernised the state systems and key infrastructure, suggested that they should come to an agreement with the British to open a permanent Royal Navy base within the state. HMS Jufair opened on 13 April 1935, as part of the port at Mina Salman. It was bombed by the Italian Air Force during World War II, as part of an Axis Forces effort to cut-off one of the three Allied Forces sources of oil in the Persian Gulf.

US Navy establishment

As a result of the raid, and the United States entry into World War II from December 1941, the Royal Navy extended an invitation to the United States Navy, allowing the USN to deploy a small detachment. Post-WW2, the posting was recognized as the U.S. Middle East Force from 1948, a small shore facility that provided logistical and communications support to Marine Expeditionary vessels.

In 1971, with Bahrain gaining independence from the British Empire, the permanent Royal Navy presence in Bahrain officially ended. With agreement of the Emir, the USN immediately took on the entire 10 acres (40,000 m²) site, and eight years later the location was named Administrative Support Unit (ASU) Bahrain. In an effort to more accurately reflect the increasing role of United States Navy activities in the region, the organization was renamed Administrative Support Unit Southwest Asia in 1992. The base was renamed by the US Navy to Naval Support Activity Bahrain.^[4]

Restablishment

During December 2014 it was announced that the Royal Navy will be re-opening a permanent naval base east of Suez at Mina Salman Port^[5] to be called HMS Juffair^[2] or Mina Salman Support Facility with construction starting during October 2015.^[6] Armed Forces Minister Penny Mordaunt confirmed that while the aircraft carriers would be able to access facilities while at anchor in the vicinity of the Mina Salman port, they would not be able to berth directly alongside the support facility itself due to draught constraints.^[7] In November 2016 'phase one' of construction was completed with the base to be fully operation by mid-2017. It will be able to accommodate 500 personnel with 5 naval vessels currently planned to be permanantly based at HMS Jufair

References