HLA-DRB1

HLA-DRB1
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1BX2, 1YMM, 2WBJ,%%s1A6A,%%s1AQD, 1DLH, 1FYT, 1HXY, 1JWM, 1JWS, 1JWU, 1KG0, 1KLG, 1KLU, 1LO5, 1PYW, 1R5I, 1SEB, 1SJH, 1T5W, 1T5X, 2FSE, 2G9H, 2IAM, 2IAN, 2ICW, 2IPK, 2OJE, 2XN9, 3L6F, 3PDO, 3PGC, 3PGD, 3QXA, 3QXD, 3S4S, 3S5L, 4AEN, 4AH2, 4C56, 4E41, 4FQX, 4GBX, 4I5B, 4OV5, 4X5W, 4X5X,%%s1D5M, 1D5X, 1D5Z, 1D6E, 1J8H, 2SEB, 3O6F, 3T0E, 4IS6, 4MCY, 4MCZ, 4MD0, 4MD4, 4MD5, 4MDI, 4MDJ, 4Y19, 4Y1A
Identifiers
Aliases	HLA-DRB1, DRB1, DRw10, HLA-DR1B, HLA-DRB, SS1, HLA-DRB1, major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1
External IDs	HomoloGene: 136635 GeneCards: HLA-DRB1
Gene ontology Molecular function • peptide antigen binding • MHC class II protein complex binding • virus receptor activity • MHC class II receptor activity • protein binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • endocytic vesicle membrane • clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane • endosome • Golgi apparatus • trans-Golgi network membrane • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • membrane • late endosome membrane • Golgi membrane • plasma membrane • transport vesicle membrane • MHC class II protein complex • cell surface • lysosomal membrane • endoplasmic reticulum • ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane • lysosome • integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane • endosome membrane • extracellular exosome • external side of plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • extracellular space Biological process • antigen processing and presentation • polysaccharide assembly with MHC class II protein complex • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II • interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway • immune system process • T cell costimulation • antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II • immune response • T cell receptor signaling pathway • immunoglobulin production involved in immunoglobulin mediated immune response • humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin • peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex • negative regulation of interferon-gamma production • inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus • protein tetramerization • regulation of interleukin-4 production • negative regulation of T cell proliferation • detection of bacterium • T-helper 1 type immune response • viral entry into host cell • positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus • viral process • regulation of interleukin-10 secretion • negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus • signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3123	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	P01911 P01912 P04229 P20039 Q29974 Q30134 Q5Y7A7 Q95IE3 Q9GIY3 P13761 Q9TQE0 Q30167 P13760	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002124 NM_001243965	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002115.2 NP_001230894.1 NP_002115.2	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 32.55 – 32.59 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[1]	n/a
Wikidata

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRB1 gene.^[2] DRB1 encodes the most prevalent beta subunit of HLA-DR. Several alleles of DRB1 (shared epitope alleles)^[3] are associated with an increased incidence of rheumatoid arthritis.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins to T helper cells. Class II molecules are constitutively expressed in professional antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages),^[2] and could be induced in non-professional APCs.

Gene structure and polymorphisms

The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is encoded by 6 exons, exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation.^[2]

Gene expression

DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogues DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. DRB1 is present in all individuals. Allelic variants of DRB1 are linked with either none or one of the genes DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7, DRB8 and DRB9.^[2]

See also

• HLA-DR

References

Further reading

PDB gallery
1aqd: HLA-DR1 (DRA, DRB1 0101) HUMAN CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY PROTEIN (EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN) COMPLEXED WITH ENDOGENOUS PEPTIDE  1bx2: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DR2 (DRA*0101,DRB1*1501) COMPLEXED WITH A PEPTIDE FROM HUMAN MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN  1d5m: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DR4 COMPLEXED WITH PEPTIDE AND SEB  1d5x: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DR4 COMPLEXED WITH DIPEPTIDE MIMETIC AND SEB  1d5z: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DR4 COMPLEXED WITH PEPTIDOMIMETIC AND SEB  1d6e: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DR4 COMPLEX WITH PEPTIDOMIMETIC AND SEB  1dlh: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN CLASS II MHC PROTEIN HLA-DR1 COMPLEXED WITH AN INFLUENZA VIRUS PEPTIDE  1fv1: STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR THE BINDING OF AN IMMUNODOMINANT PEPTIDE FROM MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN IN DIFFERENT REGISTERS BY TWO HLA-DR2 ALLELES  1fyt: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A COMPLEX OF A HUMAN ALPHA/BETA-T CELL RECEPTOR, INFLUENZA HA ANTIGEN PEPTIDE, AND MHC CLASS II MOLECULE, HLA-DR1  1h15: X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DRA1*0101/DRB5*0101 COMPLEXED WITH A PEPTIDE FROM EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS DNA POLYMERASE  1hqr: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A SUPERANTIGEN BOUND TO THE HIGH-AFFINITY, ZINC-DEPENDENT SITE ON MHC CLASS II  1hxy: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN H IN COMPLEX WITH HUMAN MHC CLASS II  1j8h: Crystal Structure of a Complex of a Human alpha/beta-T cell Receptor, Influenza HA Antigen Peptide, and MHC Class II Molecule, HLA-DR4  1jwm: Crystal Structure of the Complex of the MHC Class II Molecule HLA-DR1(HA peptide 306-318) with the Superantigen SEC3  1jws: Crystal Structure of the Complex of the MHC Class II Molecule HLA-DR1 (HA peptide 306-318) with the Superantigen SEC3 Variant 3B1  1jwu: Crystal Structure of the Complex of the MHC Class II Molecule HLA-DR1 (HA peptide 306-318) with the superantigen SEC3 Variant 3B2  1kg0: Structure of the Epstein-Barr Virus gp42 Protein Bound to the MHC class II Receptor HLA-DR1  1klg: Crystal structure of HLA-DR1/TPI(23-37, Thr28-->Ile mutant) complexed with staphylococcal enterotoxin C3 variant 3B2 (SEC3-3B2)  1klu: Crystal structure of HLA-DR1/TPI(23-37) complexed with staphylococcal enterotoxin C3 variant 3B2 (SEC3-3B2)  1lo5: Crystal structure of the D227A variant of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A in complex with human MHC class II  1pyw: Human class II MHC protein HLA-DR1 bound to a designed peptide related to influenza virus hemagglutinin, FVKQNA(MAA)AL, in complex with staphylococcal enterotoxin C3 variant 3B2 (SEC3-3B2)  1r5i: Crystal structure of the MAM-MHC complex  1seb: COMPLEX OF THE HUMAN MHC CLASS II GLYCOPROTEIN HLA-DR1 AND THE BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGEN SEB  1sje: HLA-DR1 complexed with a 16 residue HIV capsid peptide bound in a hairpin conformation  1sjh: HLA-DR1 complexed with a 13 residue HIV capsid peptide  1t5w: HLA-DR1 in complex with a synthetic peptide (AAYSDQATPLLLSPR)  1t5x: HLA-DR1 in complex with a synthetic peptide (AAYSDQATPLLLSPR) and the superantigen SEC3-3B2  1ymm: TCR/HLA-DR2b/MBP-peptide complex  1zgl: Crystal structure of 3A6 TCR bound to MBP/HLA-DR2a  2fse: Crystallographic structure of a rheumatoid arthritis MHC susceptibility allele, HLA-DR1 (DRB1*0101), complexed with the immunodominant determinant of human type II collagen  2g9h: Crystal Structure of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin I (SEI) in Complex with a Human MHC class II Molecule  2iam: Structural basis for recognition of mutant self by a tumor-specific, MHC class II-restricted TCR  2ian: Structural basis for recognition of mutant self by a tumor-specific, MHC class II-restricted TCR  2icw: Crystal structure of a complete ternary complex between TCR, superantigen, and peptide-MHC class II molecule  Image:PDB_2oje_EBI.jpg  center|border|180x180px|alt=|Image:PDB_2seb_EBI.jpg Image:PDB_2seb_EBI.jpg  center|border|180x180px|alt=|