G. Thomas Tanselle

G. Thomas Tanselle (born 1934) is an American textual critic, bibliographer, and book collector, especially known for his work on Herman Melville. He was Vice-President, John Simon Guggenheim Foundation, 1978-2006.^[1]

Biography

Tanselle is a native of Lebanon, Indiana and received his undergraduate degree from Yale University. Tanselle attended graduate school at Northwestern University where he studied with Harrison Hayford among others. He received his PhD in 1959 from the Department of English where his dissertation was titled Faun at the Barricades: the life and work of Floyd Dell.^[2] From 1960 through 1978 he taught at the University of Wisconsin.^[3] After moving to New York City in 1978, he served as vice president of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation until 2006.^[3] He was an adjunct professor of English at Columbia University, and co-editor of the Northwestern-Newberry Edition of the writings of Herman Melville. He was president of the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia 1993-2006. He is also a member of the board of directors and textual consultant of the Library of America.^[1]

Tanselle held fellowships from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (1969–70), American Council of Learned Societies (1973-74), and the National Endowment for the Humanities (1977–78).^[3]

Theories of textual editing and influence

Tanselle absorbed the principles of Walter W. Greg and Fredson Bowers, who developed the theory of textual criticism, a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in texts, both manuscripts and printed books, in order to create a text which most closely reflects the author's intent. He has been called the "most prominent, consistent, and authoritative defender of the Greg-Bowers approach to editing," which is now the "dominant theoretical and practical position in Anglo-American editing." Tanselle has sought to accommodate legitimate critiques of its limitations, such as the insistence on the difference between substantive and accidentals, that is, the difference between the words and their spelling and punctuation. ^[4] Tanselle, says one scholar, like Greg and Bowers, postulates the notion of an "ideal 'correct' text, measured against which extant texts show various degrees of 'corruption' that the editor seeks to remove." Tanselle follows this tradition more flexibly, but still comes to rest on the "principle of the author's final intention,'" which the "editor (or critic) seeks first to understand and then to implement..." This position is opposed to the New Criticism, which rejects the intentional fallacy, since the author's intentions are not relevant to the work of art once it is finished.^[5]

He then applied these principles to the study of American literature. ^[6] He was particularly active as textual editor for the Northwestern-Newberry edition of the works of Herman Melville to make a critical edition, as approved by the The Center for Scholarly Editions. ^[7]

Major publications

Books

• —— (1967). Royall Tyler. Cambridge,: Harvard University Press. 
• —— (1968). The Writings of Herman Melville. Evanston, Ill.,: Northwestern University Press. 
• —— (1971). Guide to the Study of United States Imprints. Cambridge, Mass.,: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674367618. 
• ——; Newberry Library. (1976). A Checklist of Editions of Moby-Dick, 1851-1976 : Issued on the Occasion of an Exhibition at the Newberry Library Commemorating the 125th Anniversary of Its Original Publication. Evanston; Chicago: Northwestern University Press ; Newberry Library. 
• —— (1977). The Editing of Historical Documents. Charlottesville, Va. ;: Published for the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia by the University Press of Virginia. ISBN 0813908043. 
• —— (1979). Selected Studies in Bibliography. Charlottesville: Published for the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia by the University Press of Virginia. ISBN 0813908299. 
• —— (1981). The History of Books as a Field of Study : A Paper. Chapel Hill, N.C.: Hanes Foundation, Rare Book Collection/Academy Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 
• —— (1990). Textual Criticism and Scholarly Editing. Charlottesville: Published for the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia by the University Press of Virginia. ISBN 0813913039. 
• —— (1993). Samuel Johnson's Translation of Sallust : A Facsimile and Transcription of the Hyde Manuscript. New York Charlottesville: Johnsonians ; Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia.  CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• —— (1993). The Life and Work of Fredson Bowers. Charlottesville: Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia. ISBN 1883631009.  CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• —— (1997). The Middle Hill Press : A Checklist of the Horblit Collection of Books, Tracts, Leaflets, and Broadsides Printed by Sir Thomas Phillipps at His Press at Middle Hill, or Elsewhere to His Order, Now in the Library of the Grolier Club. New York: The Grolier Club. ISBN 0910672202.  CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• —— (1998). Literature and Artifacts. Charlottesville: Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia. ISBN 1883631068. 
• Tanselle, G. Thomas, Peter Franklin Kardon, Eunice R. Schwager and John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. (2001). The John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, 1925-2000 : A Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Record. New York: John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation.  CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
• —— (2003). Textual Criticism and Scholarly Editing. Charlottesville: Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia. ISBN 1883631092. 
• Ray, Gordon Norton, G. Thomas Tanselle and University of Virginia. Bibliographical Society. (2005). The Art Deco Book in France. Charlottesville New Castle, Del.: Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia ; Distributed by Oak Knoll Books. ISBN 9781883631123.  CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
• ——; Grolier Club. (2006). The Pleasures of Being a Scholar-Collector. New York: Grolier Club. ISBN 0910672660. 
• —— (2009). Bibliographical Analysis : A Historical Introduction. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521760348. 
• —— (2011). Book-Jackets : Their History, Forms, and Use. Charlottesville; New Castle, Del.: Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia ; Oak Knoll Books. ISBN 9781883631130. 
• Tanselle, G. Thomas, Hal Kugeler and Caxton Club. (2011). Other People's Books : Association Copies and the Stories They Tell. Chicago: Caxton Club. ISBN 9780940550100.  CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
• —— (2013). Essays in Bibliographical History. Charlottesville: Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia. ISBN 9781883631147. 

Selected articles

• —— (1972). "Some Principles for Editorial Apparatus". Studies in Bibliography. 25: 41–88. Retrieved 2006-06-04. 
• —— (1975). "Greg's Theory of Copy-Text and the Editing of American Literature". Studies in Bibliography. 28: 167–230. Retrieved 2006-06-04. 
• —— (1976). "The Editorial Problem of Final Authorial Intention". Studies in Bibliography. 29: 167–211. Retrieved 2006-06-04. 
• —— (1981). "Recent Editorial Discussion and the Central Questions of Editing". Studies in Bibliography. 34: 23–65. Retrieved 2007-09-07. 
• —— (1986). "Historicism and Critical Editing". Studies in Bibliography. 39: 1–46. Retrieved 2006-06-04. 
• —— (1995). "The Varieties of Scholarly Editing". In D. C. Greetham. Scholarly Editing: A Guide to Research. New York: The Modern Language Association of America. 

References and further reading

• Bornstein, George (1991). Representing Modernist Texts: Editing as Interpretation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472094394. 
• Groden, Michael (1991), "Contemporary textual and literary theory", in Bornstein, George, Representing Modernist Texts: Editing as Interpretation, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, ISBN 0472094394 

Notes

External links

• Tanselle's syllabi to Introduction to Bibliography and Introduction to Scholarly Editing seminars taught at Rare Book School
• G. Thomas Tanselle papers (his personal archive) in the Manuscripts and Archives Division of the New York Public Library