Fred Lerdahl
Alfred Whitford (Fred) Lerdahl (born March 10, 1943, in Madison, Wisconsin) is the Fritz Reiner Professor of Musical Composition at Columbia University,[1] and a composer and music theorist best known for his work on musical grammar and cognition, rhythmic theory, pitch space, and cognitive constraints on compositional systems. He has written many orchestral and chamber works, three of which were finalists for the Pulitzer Prize for Music: Time after Time in 2001, String Quartet No. 3 in 2010, and Arches in 2011.
Life
Lerdahl studied with James Ming at Lawrence University, where he earned his BMus in 1965, and with Milton Babbitt, Edward T. Cone, and Earl Kim at Princeton University, where he earned his MFA in 1967. At Tanglewood he studied with Arthur Berger in 1964 and Roger Sessions in 1966. He then studied with Wolfgang Fortner at the Hochschule für Musik in Freiburg/Breisgau in 1968-69, on a Fulbright Scholarship. Lerdahl was awarded an honorary doctorate from Lawrence University in 1999, and previously taught at the University of Michigan, Harvard University, and the University of California at Berkeley. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
Lerdahl's maternal uncle was the noted astronomer Albert Whitford.
Lerdahl has written two books: A Generative Theory of Tonal Music (1983, second edition 1996, with linguist Ray Jackendoff, MIT Press) and Tonal Pitch Space (2001, Oxford University Press). He has also written numerous articles on music theory, music cognition, computer-assisted composition, and other topics.
Notable students of Fred Lerdahl include composers Zosha Di Castri, Huck Hodge, Arthur Kampela, Alex Mincek, Paul Moravec, Kate Soper, Wang Lu, and Nina Young; and music theorists Elizabeth Margulis and David Temperley.[2]
Music
Lerdahl’s influences include the German classics, Sibelius, Schoenberg, Bartók, Stravinsky, Carter, Messiaen, and Ligeti. Lerdahl has said he “always sought musical forms of [his] own invention,” and to discover the appropriate form for the intended expression.[3] Writing in Fanfare, Robert Carl noted: "Lerdahl is a profoundly musical composer, engaged in all his work in a rigorous and respectful dialogue with tradition, eager to imbue his pieces with the maximum of both information and clarity."[4] Of Lerdahl's composition Waves, Phillip Scott wrote, "Waves is an orchestral scherzo. It conjures up (rather than depicts) the motion and the sense of waves, not merely of the oceanic variety but also those found on graphs: sound waves, heartbeats, and so on. It begins with a surge of activity and never lets up in its cascading scales and rapid figuration. Unlike Debussy's La mer, whose deep-sea swells it recalls only fleetingly, it has no moments of repose."[5]
List of Compositions[6]
Orchestral
- Chords, large orchestra (12 winds, 11 brass, harp, piano, percussion, violas, cellos, double basses), 1974–83
- Cross-Currents, large orchestra (12 winds, 10 brass, harp, piano, percussion, strings), 1987
- Waves, small orchestra (8 winds, 2 French horns, strings), 1988
- Without Fanfare, small orchestra (12 winds, 11 brass, 3 percussion), 1994
- Quiet Music, large orchestra (12 winds, 11 brass, harp, piano, percussion, strings), 1994 (also version for 2 pianos)
- Spirals, orchestra (8 winds, 2 French horns, 2 trumpets, piano, percussion, strings), 2006
- Arches, cello, small orchestra (22 players), 2011
- Time and Again, small orchestra, 2014
Chamber Music
- String Trio, violin, viola, cello, 1966
- Imitations, flute, harp, viola, 1977, revised 2001
- String Quartet No. 1, 1978, revised 2008
- Waltzes, violin, viola, cello, double bass, 1981
- Episodes and Refrains, flute, oboe, clarinet, French horn, bassoon, 1982
- Fantasy Etudes, flute, clarinet, violin, cello, piano, percussion, 1985
- Marches, clarinet, violin, cello, piano, 1992
- Time after Time, flute, clarinet, violin, cello, piano, percussion, 2000
- Imbrications, flute, clarinet, violin, cello, piano, percussion, 2001
- Oboe Quartet, oboe, violin, viola, cello, 2002
- Duo, violin, piano, 2005
- String Quartet No. 2, 1982–2010
- String Quartet No. 3, 2008
- Arches, cello, ensemble (flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, French horn, trumpet, trombone, harp, 2 violins, viola, double bass, piano, 2 percussion), 2010 (also version for cello, small orchestra [22 players])
- There and Back Again, cello, 2010
- Times 3, violin, cello, piano, 2012
- Give and Take, violin, cello, 2014
- Chaconne, string quartet, 2016.
Choral
- Cornstalks (text by Richard Wilbur), 16 mixed voices, 2012
Vocal
- Wake (text by James Joyce), soprano, harp, violin, viola, cello, 3 percussion, 1967–68
- Aftermath (dramatic cantata, text by the composer), soprano, alto, baritone, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, harp, 2 violins, viola, cello, double bass), 1973
- Eros (text by Ezra Pound), mezzo-soprano, alto flute, harp, electric guitar, viola, bass guitar, piano, 2 percussion, 1975
- Beyond the Realm of Bird (text by Emily Dickinson), soprano, orchestra (8 winds, French horn, trumpet, trombone, harp, piano, percussion, strings), 1984
- The First Voices (text by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, translated by John H. Moran and Alexander Gode), soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, 8 percussion, 2007
- Fire and Ice (text by Robert Frost), high soprano, double bass, 2015
Piano
- Piano Fantasy, 1964
- Quiet Music, 2 pianos, 2001 (version of orchestral work)
- Three Diatonic Studies, 2004–09
Discography
- String Quartet No. 1 (original version). Juilliard String Quartet (Composers Recordings, Inc.: CRI 551, 1987 [reissued as New World Records: NWCR551, 2007])
- Waltzes; Fantasy Etudes; Eros; Wake. Bethany Beardslee, soprano; Beverly Morgan, mezzo-soprano; Rolf Schulte, violin; Scott Nickrenz, viola; Fred Sherry, cello; Donald Palma, double bass; Robert Beaser/Musical Elements; David Epstein/Boston Symphony Chamber Players; Fred Lerdahl/Collage (Composers Recordings, Inc.: CRI 580, 1991 [reissued as New World Records: NWCR580, 2007; partially reissued as Bridge Records: 9269; partially reissued as Bridge Records: 9391; partially reissued as New World Records: NWCRL378])
- Waves. Orpheus Chamber Orchestra (Deutsche Grammophon: 435 389-2, 1992 [partially reissued as Bridge Records: 9191])
- Fantasy Etudes. eighth blackbird (eighth blackbird, 1999)
- Time after Time; Marches; Oboe Quartet; Waves. Antares; La Fenice; Jeffrey Milarsky/Columbia Sinfonietta; Orpheus Chamber Orchestra (Bridge Records: 9191, 2006 [partial reissue of Deutsche Grammophon: 435 389-2])
- Cross-Currents; Waltzes; Duo; Quiet Music (original version). Rolf Schulte, violin; Scott Nickrenz, viola; Fred Sherry, cello; Donald Palma, double bass; James Winn, piano; Paul Mann/Odense Symfoniorkester (Bridge Records: 9269, 2008 [partial reissue of Composers Recordings, Inc.: CRI 580, New World Records: NWCR580])
- String Trio; Piano Fantasy. Robert Miller, piano; members of The Composers Quartet (New World Records: NWCRL319, c. 2009)
- String Quartets Nos. 1–3. Daedalus Quartet (Bridge Records: 9352, 2011)
- The First Voices. Frank Epstein/New England Conservatory Percussion Ensemble (Naxos Records: 8.559684, 2011)
- Eros. Beverly Morgan, mezzo-soprano; Fred Lerdahl/Collage (New World Records: NWCRL378, 2011 [partial reissue of Composers Recordings, Inc.: CRI 580, New World Records: NWCRL378])
- Spirals; Three Diatonic Studies; Imbrications; Wake; Fantasy Etudes. Bethany Beardslee, soprano; Mirka Viitala, piano; eighth blackbird; Michel Galante/Argento Ensemble; David Epstein/Boston Symphony Chamber Players; Scott Yoo/Odense Symfoniorkester (Bridge Records: 9391, 2013 [partial reissue of Composers Recordings, Inc.: CRI 580, New World Records: NWCR580])
- There and Back Again. Anssi Karttunen, cello (Toccata Classics: TOCC0171, 2013)
Awards
- 1966, Koussevitzky Composition Prize
- 1967, MacDowell Colony Fellowship
- 1971, 1988 Composer Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters
- 1974, Guggenheim Fellowship
- 1977, Naumburg Recording Award
- 1982, Martha Baird Rockefeller Recording Award
- 1991, National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship[7]
- 1999, Doctor of Fine Arts (honorary degree), Lawrence University
- 2001, Finalist, Pulitzer Prize for Music (for Time after Time)[8]
- 2010, Finalist, Pulitzer Prize for Music (for String Quartet No. 3)[9]
- 2010, Member, American Academy for Arts and Letters[10]
- 2011, Finalist, Pulitzer Prize for Music (for Arches)[11]
Bibliography
- Lerdahl, Fred (1992). Cognitive Constraints on Compositional Systems, Contemporary Music Review 6 (2), pp. 97–121.
- Lerdahl, Fred and Jackendoff, Ray (1983). A Generative Theory of Tonal Music. MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-62107-X.
- Lerdahl, Fred (2001). Tonal Pitch Space. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505834-8
See also
References
- ↑ "Lerdahl, Fred", Columbia University
- ↑ See: List of music students by teacher: K to M#Fred Lerdahl.
- ↑ Schweitzer, Vivien (November 21, 2010). "Spiral Form and Other Compositional Modes of Fred Lerdahl", NYTimes.com.
- ↑ Carl, Robert (January–February 2007). "LERDAHL Time after Time.^ Marches.^ Oboe Quartet.^ Waves' • Jeffrey Milarsky, cond, Columbia Sinfonietta;' Antares;^ La Fenice;^ Orpheus CO • BRIDGE 9191 (60:24)". Fanfare (January–February 2007).
- ↑ Scott, Phillip (September 2006). "Classical Recordings: Lerdahl - "Time After Time"; "Marches"; Oboe Quartet; "Waves"". Fanfare. 30 (1).
- ↑ "Schott Music". en.schott-music.com. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
- ↑ "The Living Composers Project". Retrieved 15 October 2010.
- ↑ "Time After Time". www.pulitzer.org. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
- ↑ "String Quartet No. 3". www.pulitzer.org. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
- ↑ "American Academy of Arts and Letters - Current Members". www.artsandletters.org. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
- ↑ ""Arches"". www.pulitzer.org. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
External links
- Fred Lerdahl at Schott Music
- Fred Lerdahl at Project Schott New York
- Faculty Page at Columbia University
- Fred Lerdahl's Homepage
- "Fred Lerdahl", bussigel
- New Music Box asks Fred Lerdahl: What role has theory played in your compositions and how important is it for people to know the theory behind the music in order to appreciate it?