Fort Hommet 10.5 cm Coastal Defence Gun Casement Bunker

Fort Hommet
Artillery Casemate
105 mm Coastal Defence Gun Casemate
Flag
Symbol
Country Channel Islands
State Bailiwick of Guernsey
Region Channel Islands
District Castel
Municipality Albecq
Location Vazon Bay, West Coast of Guernsey
Material Reinforced Concrete
Founded April 1943
Date Restored and open to the public 6 May 1995
Visitation Open Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday 2.00pm to 5.00pm
Free
Plan of the Casemate

The Fort Hommet 105 mm coastal defence gun casement bunker is a fully restored gun casemate that was part of Fortress Guernsey constructed by the forces of Nazi Germany between 1940 and 1945.[1]

Location

The bunker is to be found in Castel on the northern side of Vazon Bay and is part of a complex of reinforced concrete fortifications built by the Germans on the site of Fort Hommet. Fort Hommet is on a headland that lies 3.3 miles north west of St Peter Port on the other side of the Island.[2]

History

Fort Hommet complex of fortifications

Fort Hommet was constructed on the Vazon Bay Headland in the late Napoleonic Wars era as part of the anti-French defences although there had been fortifications recorded here as far back as 1680.[3] A Martello tower was built on the site in 1804 with further batteries and a barracks being added later. On 20 October 1941, after the occupation of the Channel Islands, a directive ordered by Adolf Hitler proclaimed that the Islands would be turned into an impregnable reinforced concrete fortress as part of the Atlantic Wall, and the Organisation Todt constructed fortifications round the coast.

As part of these plans this restored casement was one of 21 similar standard constructions of a design type Jäger,[4]:57 built to house 10.5cm K331(f) guns.[5] Four such casemates were installed at Fort Hommet and make up part of Stützpunkt (Strongpoint) Rotenstein. The Jäger casemate being a Series 600 Regelbau construction, named after the Organisation Todt officer who designed it.[4]:57

1943 Construction

The construction work began in April 1943 after the completion of a railway link between Vazon and St Peter Port which was the essential link needed for the transportation of the vast quantity of materials required to build the fortifications. The schedule of work consisted of initial site excavations followed by a concrete base poured. Wooden shuttering would then be built and steel reinforcing would be installed in the form of cradles. The concrete would then be poured in a continuous fashion giving each structure its immense strength. Once cured, the shuttering was removed and the bunker was fitted out. The process was carried out in a matter of weeks.

Design

Looking at the plan and starting at 12 o'clock you have the gun room, at 1 o'clock the spent shell room, 3 - crew room with escape shaft, 5- ant gas lock with entrance defence, 6- entrance, 7 and 9 - two ammunition rooms, 10 o'clock the ventilation plant.[4]:57

Liberation

After the liberation of Guernsey in 1945, the fortifications were stripped of all their fixtures and fittings by both the British Army and the islanders. By the late 1940s all the metal fittings including guns and blast doors were removed for their scrap value. Many of the bunkers including this casemate at Fort Hommet, were buried in an attempt to return the coastal landscape to its pre-war condition.

Restoration

The Entrance to the Casemate

As part of Guernsey's fiftieth liberation celebrations, and part of the project Fortess Guernsey, the States of Guernsey had all the 105 mm casemates on the island surveyed with a view to restoring the best example.[6] This casemate was found to be dry and structurally sound although it was just a bare shell. The entrance to the casemate was excavated in April 1993 and restoration work began.

The restoration was completed in 1995 and is open to the public on two afternoons from April to October.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Souvenir Guide, 105cm Coastal Defence Gun Casemate Bunker, Fort Hommet, Fortress Guernsey project.
  2. ↑ Perry's A4 Professional guide to Guernsey, Perry's Ref: 14A1
  3. ↑ Channel Island Walks, Cicerone Guide, Paddy Dillon Author ISBN 1-85284-288-1 Page 156
  4. 1 2 3 Stephenson, Charles. The Channel Islands 1941-45: Hitler's Impregnable Fortress. Osprey Publishing, 2006. ISBN 9781841769219.
  5. ↑ Hogg, Ian V. German Artillery of World War Two. 2nd corrected edition. Mechanicsville, PA: Stackpole Books, 1997 ISBN 1-85367-480-X
  6. ↑ Island Life, Guernsey Forts and Museums, Fortress Guernsey
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Coordinates: 49°28′28″N 2°36′43″W / 49.47437°N 2.61182°W / 49.47437; -2.61182

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