FTSE 100 Index

FTSE 100 Index

FTSE 100 Index performance between 1984 and 2015
Foundation 1984[1]
Operator FTSE Group[1]
Exchanges London Stock Exchange[1]
Constituents 101[1]
Type Large cap
Market cap £1.7 trillion
(as of Sept 2016)[1]
Weighting method Capitalization-weighted[1]
Related indices
Website www.ftse.com

The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a share index of the 100 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange with the highest market capitalization. It is seen as a gauge of prosperity for businesses regulated by UK company law. The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group.

The index began on 3 January 1984 at the base level of 1000; the highest closing value reached to date is 7103.98 on 27 April 2015,[2] the previous peak having been over 15 years previously, on the last trading day of 1999, during the dot-com bubble.[3][4][5] After falling during the financial crisis of 2007-2010 to below 3500 in March 2009, the index recovered to a peak of 6091.33 on 8 February 2011, fell under the 5000 mark on the morning of 23 September 2011, but reached its record high on the market close of 27 April 2015, more than doubling in value from the crash in 2009. The highest intra-day value was 7,129 on 11 October 2016.[6]

Overview

The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a now wholly owned subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange which originated as a joint venture between the Financial Times and the London Stock Exchange. It is calculated in real time and published every 1nbsp;seconds when the market is open.

The FTSE 100 consists of the largest 100 qualifying UK companies by full market value.[7] A large slice of these are international companies, however, so the index's movements are a fairly weak indicator of how the UK economy is faring.[8] A better indication of the UK economy is the FTSE 250 as it contains a smaller proportion of international companies.[9] The constituents of the FTSE are determined quarterly, on the Wednesday after the first Friday of the month in March, June, September and December. The values used to make the changes to the indices are taken at the close of business the night before the review.[10]

FTSE 100 companies represent about 81% of the entire market capitalisation of the London Stock Exchange. Even though the FTSE All-Share Index is more comprehensive, the FTSE 100 is by far the most widely used UK stock market indicator. Other related indices are the FTSE 250 Index (which includes the next largest 250 companies after the FTSE 100), the FTSE 350 Index (which is the aggregation of the FTSE 100 and 250), FTSE SmallCap Index and FTSE Fledgling Index. The FTSE All-Share aggregates the FTSE 100, FTSE 250 and FTSE SmallCap.

Component companies must meet a number of requirements set out by the FTSE Group, including having a full listing on the London Stock Exchange with a Sterling or Euro denominated price on the Stock Exchange Electronic Trading Service, and meeting certain tests on nationality, free float, and liquidity.

The constituent companies were criticised for their lack of diversity at the boardroom level in a 2014 study which found that more than half of them had no non-white board members, and two thirds did not have any executive directors from minorities.[11]

Continuous trading on the London Stock Exchange starts at 08:00 and ends at 16:30 (when the closing auction starts), and closing values are taken at 16:35.

Weighting

In the FTSE indices, share prices are weighted by market capitalisation, so that the larger companies make more of a difference to the index than smaller companies. The basic formula for these indices is:[12]

The Free float Adjustment factor represents the percentage of all issued shares that are readily available for trading. The factor is then rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5%. To find the free-float capitalisation of a company, first find its market cap (number of shares x share price) then multiply by its free-float factor. Free-float capitalisation, therefore, does not include restricted stocks, such as those held by company insiders.

Current constituents by market capitalisation as of February 2016

The following table lists the FTSE 100 companies measured by market capitalisation after the most recent changes on 15 February 2016.[13][14] The numbers of employees are taken from company reports, mostly dated between 2013 and 2015, and the Financial Times. The index consists of 100 companies, but there are 101 listings, as Royal Dutch Shell has both A and B class shares listed. Schroders Non Voting shares were also listed until 1 June 2012 when the FTSE's stricter rules came into force.

Company Ticker SectorMarket cap (£bn)Employees
3iIIIPrivate equity4.06266
Aberdeen Asset Management ADN Fund management3.141,800
Admiral Group ADM Insurance4.912,500
Anglo American plc AAL Mining6.09100,000
Antofagasta ANTO Mining4.714,005
ARM Holdings ARM Engineering13.22,000
Ashtead GroupAHTEquipment rental4.2612,810
Associated British Foods ABF Food25.77102,000
AstraZeneca AZN Pharmaceuticals51.2357,200
Aviva AV. Insurance17.6940,800
Babcock International BAB Engineering4.6534,000
BAE Systems BA. Military16.01107,000
Barclays BARC Banking27.18150,000
Barratt Developments BDEV Building5.865,000
Berkeley Group HoldingsBKGBuilding4.602,050
BHP Billiton BLT Mining41.8846,370
BP BP Oil and gas63.1397,700
British American Tobacco BATS Tobacco71.487,813
British Land BLND Property7.13177
BT Group BT.A Telecomms45.6189,000
Bunzl BNZL Industrial products6.3812,368
Burberry BRBY Fashion5.6510,851
Capita CPI Support Services7.3846,500
Carnival Corporation & plc CCL Leisure24.8586,800
Centrica CNA Energy10.7240,000
Coca-Cola HBC AG CCH Consumer5.138,312
Compass Group CPG Food20.21471,108
CRH plc CRH Building materials10.976,433
DCC plc DCC Investments5.039,804
Diageo DGE Beverages46.0125,000
Direct Line Group DLG Insurance 5.1513,900
Dixons Carphone DC. Retail 5.16 40,000
EasyJet EZJ Travel 6.17 11,000
Experian EXPN Information11.117,000
Fresnillo plc FRES Mining6.992,449
GKN GKN Manufacturing4.7950,000
GlaxoSmithKline GSK Pharmaceuticals67.3897,389
Glencore GLEN Mining16.9657,656
Hammerson HMSO Property4.42277
Hargreaves Lansdown HL Finance5.87650
Hikma Pharmaceuticals HIK Manufacturing 3.716,000
HSBC HSBA Banking88.11267,000
Imperial Brands IMB Tobacco35.7838,200
Inmarsat ISAT Telecomms 4.471,590
InterContinental Hotels Group IHG Hotels5.75345,000
International Consolidated Airlines Group SA IAG Travel11.0158,476
Intertek ITRK Product testing4.6733,000
Intu PropertiesINTUProperty3.892,180
ITV plc ITV Media10.154,059
Johnson Matthey JMAT Chemicals4.799,700
Kingfisher plc KGF Retail homeware7.880,000
Land Securities LAND Property8.19700
Legal & General LGEN Insurance13.219,324
Lloyds Banking Group LLOY Banking44.11120,449
London Stock Exchange GroupLSEFinance8.064,692
Marks & Spencer MKS Retailer7.0181,223
Merlin Entertainments MERL Leisure4.4228,000
Mondi MNDI Manufacturing6.3726,000
National Grid plc NG Energy36.1427,000
Next plc NXT Retail clothing6.958,706
Old Mutual OML Insurance8.4554,368
Pearson PLC PSON Education6.5237,000
Persimmon plc PSN Building6.342,450
Provident Financial PFG Finance4.743,110
Prudential plc PRU Finance31.6325,414
Randgold Resources RRS Mining5.896,954
Reckitt Benckiser RB Consumer goods46.3232,000
RELX Group REL Publishing25.5428,500
Rexam REX Packaging25.5419,000
Rio Tinto Group RIO Mining34.8467,930
Rolls-Royce Holdings RR. Manufacturing11.855,500
Royal Bank of Scotland Group RBS Banking28.6150,000
Royal Dutch Shell RDSA Oil and gas160.1290,000
Royal Mail RMG Delivery 4.41150,000
RSA Insurance Group RSA Insurance4.1621,000
SABMiller SAB Beverages67.3270,000
Sage Group SGE IT6.2612,300
Sainsbury's SBRY Supermarket 5.02150,000
Schroders SDR Fund management6.633,012
Severn Trent SVT Water5.048,051
Shire plc SHP Pharmaceuticals22.524,200
Sky plc SKY Media17.522,800
Smith & Nephew SN. Medical10.2711,000
Smiths Group SMIN Engineering3.8423,550
Sports Direct SPD Retail2.417,210
SSE plc SSE Energy14.0319,965
Standard CharteredSTANBanking13.5286,865
Standard Life SL Fund management6.6310,500
St. James's Place plcSTJ Finance 4.681,230
Taylor WimpeyTW.Building5.993,860
Tesco TSCO Supermarket14.92519,671
Travis PerkinsTPK Retailer4.4624,000
TUI Group TUI Leisure5.9976,000
Unilever ULVR Consumer goods90.42171,000
United Utilities UU Water6.365,096
Vodafone Group VOD Telecomms56.5586,373
Whitbread WTB Retail hospitality7.0986,800
Wolseley plc WOS Building materials9.2044,000
Worldpay WPG Payment services5.94,500
WPP plc WPP Media19.01162,000

Current constituents

The current constituents following the changes of 5 October 2016 are as follows:[15]

Past constituents

source: "FTSE: FTSE 100 Constituent Changes" (PDF).  (57.9 KB)

FT 30

Main article: FT 30

The oldest continuous index in the UK is the FT 30, also known as the Financial Times Index or the FT Ordinary Index (FTOI).[184] It was established in 1935 and nowadays is largely obsolete due to its redundancy. It is similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and companies listed are from the industrial and commercial sectors. Financial sector companies and government stocks are excluded.

Of the original constituents,[185] four are currently in the FTSE 100: Guest Keen & Nettlefolds (GKN), Tate & Lyle, Imperial Tobacco and Rolls-Royce, although Rolls-Royce has not been continuously listed and Imperial Tobacco was a subsidiary of Hanson for a number of years. ICI was removed when it was taken over by Akzo Nobel in January 2008. Two of the original FT 30 companies are still in that index:[186] GKN and Tate & Lyle (membership is not strictly based on market capitalisation, so this does not mean they are necessarily among the top thirty companies in the FTSE 100). The best performer from the original lineup has been Imperial Tobacco.[187]

See also

Other lists
Stock market lists

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "FTSE 100 Index Factsheet" (PDF). FTSE Group. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
  2. ↑ "HSBC gives FTSE 100 renewed boost". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  3. ↑ "FTSE 100 beats all-time high after 15 years". FTSE Global Markets. 24 February 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
  4. ↑ "FTSE 100: INDEXFTSE:UKX quotes & news - Google Finance". google.ca. Retrieved 23 March 2015.
  5. ↑ "Can FTSE 100 break 7,000 mark?". scotsman.com. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  6. ↑ "FTSE 100 hits record high as pound weakens".
  7. ↑ Ground Rules for the Management of The UK Series of the FTSE Actuaries Share Indices (section 5)
  8. ↑ Atkins, Ralph; Elder, Bryce (3 September 2014). "FTSE returns to dotcom bubble level". ft.com. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  9. ↑ "Which indices best represent the economy?". Hargreaves Lansdown. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  10. ↑ FTSE UK Quarterly Review
  11. ↑ Murphy, Joe (20 April 2015). "Half of FTSE 100 firms have no non-whites at top". London Evening Standard. p. 2.
  12. ↑ FTSE Capitalisation methodology via Wikinvest
  13. ↑ "Royal Dutch Shell (UK): Acquisition of BG Group (UK)". FTSE. 10 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  14. ↑ See 'FTSE All-Share Index Ranking (unofficial guide)'
  15. ↑ "SABMiller (UK): Acquisition by Anheuser-Busch InBev (Belgium) Changes in FTSE UK Index Series". FTSE. 30 October 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  16. ↑ Buoyant Lloyds TSB offloads insurer Abbey Life The Guardian, 1 August 2007
  17. ↑ William Kay (6 September 2004). "HBOS fury as EU backs Santander's Abbey bid". The Independent. London.
  18. ↑ "A&L shareholders approve takeover". BBC News. 16 September 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008.
  19. ↑ "Terra Firma drops Boots bid plan". BBC News. 24 April 2007. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  20. ↑ Pernod Ricard successfully completes acquisition of Allied Domecq, from the Pernod Ricard website
  21. ↑ Unification of companies Archived 26 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
  22. 1 2 "General Electric buys Amersham". BBC. 10 October 2003. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
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  70. 1 2 Imetal to Buy ECC For $1.2 Billion ICIS, 8 February 1999
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  77. ↑ Ferranti Timeline – Museum of Science and Industry (Accessed 17 February 2009)
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  79. 1 2 "Granada buys maximum stake". findarticles.com. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
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  82. ↑ "Friends backs Resolution takeover". BBC News. 11 August 2009.
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  89. ↑ Lloyds-backed Alternative Hotels Group may be sold Daily Mail, 12 February 2011
  90. 1 2 Spirits soar at Diageo Food & Drug Packaging, July 2005
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  94. ↑ Openwork: History
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  102. ↑ Gulf Resources & Chemical Corporation
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  181. 1 2 "Our History".
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  184. ↑ The History Channel - Financial Times Index. Retrieved 8 August 2008
  185. ↑ "FT30 - the UK's oldest surviving stock market index - FT.com". ft.com. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  186. ↑ Remaining companies in the FT30
  187. ↑ Eckett, Stephen (ed.) (2004), The UK Stock Market Almanac 2005, Petersfield, Harriman House. ISBN 1-897597-46-0
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