Engine power
Engine power or horsepower is the maximum power that an engine can put out. It can be expressed in kilowatts or horsepower. The power output depends on the size and design of the engine, but also on the speed at which it is running and the load or torque. Maximum power is achieved at relatively high speeds and at high load.
Examples
Various engines
The following tables give some examples of engine power for a wide variety of engines and vehicles.
- Full vehicle power-to-weight ratio shown below
Notable low ratio, (listed as weight to power)
Vehicle | Power | Vehicle Weight | Weight to Power ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Benz Patent Motorwagen 954 cc 1886[17] | 560 W / 0.75 bhp | 265 kg / 584 lb | 2.1 W/kg / 779 lb/hp |
Stephenson's Rocket 0-2-2 steam locomotive with tender 1829[18] | 15 kW / 20 bhp | 4,320 kg / 9524 lb | 3.5 W/kg / 476 lb/hp |
CBQ Zephyr streamliner diesel locomotive with railcars 1934[19] | 492 kW / 660 bhp | 94 t / 208,000 lb | 5.21 W/kg / 315 lb/hp |
Alberto Contador's Verbier climb 2009 Tour de France on Specialized bike[20] | 420 W / 0.56 bhp | 62 kg / 137 lb | 6.7 W/kg / 245 lb/hp |
Force Motors Minidor Diesel 499 cc auto rickshaw[21][22] | 6.6 kW / 8.8 bhp | 700 kg / 1543 lb | 9 W/kg / 175 lb/hp |
PRR Q2 4-4-6-4 steam locomotive with tender 1944 | 5,956 kW / 7,987 bhp | 475.9 t / 1,049,100 lb | 12.5 W/kg / 131 lb/hp |
Mercedes-Benz Citaro O530BZ H2 fuel cell bus 2002[23] | 205 kW / 275 bhp | 14,500 kg / 32,000 lb | 14.1 W/kg / 116 lb/hp |
TGV BR Class 373 high-speed Eurostar Trainset 1993 | 12,240 kW / 16,414 bhp | 816 t / 1,798,972 lb | 15 W/kg / 110 lb/hp |
General Dynamics M1 Abrams Main battle tank 1980[24] | 1,119 kW / 1500 bhp | 55.7 t / 122,800 lb | 20.1 W/kg / 81.9 lb/hp |
BR Class 43 high-speed diesel electric locomotive 1975 | 1,678 kW / 2,250 bhp | 70.25 t / 154,875 lb | 23.9 W/kg / 69 lb/hp |
GE AC6000CW diesel electric locomotive 1996 | 4,660 kW / 6,250 bhp | 192 t / 423,000 lb | 24.3 W/kg / 68 lb/hp |
BR Class 55 Napier Deltic diesel electric locomotive 1961 | 2,460 kW / 3,300 bhp | 101 t / 222,667 lb | 24.4 W/kg / 68 lb/hp |
International CXT 2004[25] | 164 kW / 220 bhp | 6,577 kg / 14500 lb | 25 W/kg / 66 lb/hp |
Ford Model T 2.9 L flex-fuel 1908 | 15 kW / 20 bhp | 540 kg / 1,200 lb | 28 W/kg / 60 lb/hp |
TH!NK City 2008[26] | 30 kW / 40 bhp | 1038 kg / 2,288 lb | 28.9 W/kg / 56.9 lb/hp |
Messerschmitt KR200 Kabinenroller 191 cc 1955 | 6 kW / 8.2 bhp | 230 kg / 506 lb | 30 W/kg / 50 lb/hp |
Wright Flyer 1903 | 9 kW / 12 bhp | 274 kg / 605 lb | 33 W/kg / 50 lb/hp |
Tata Nano 624 cc 2008 | 26 kW / 35 bhp | 635 kg / 1,400 lb | 41.0 W/kg / 40 lb/hp |
Bombardier JetTrain high-speed gas turbine-electric locomotive 2000[27] | 3,750 kW / 5,029 bhp | 90,750 kg / 200,000 lb | 41.2 W/kg / 39.8 lb/hp |
Suzuki MightyBoy 543 cc 1988 | 23 kW / 31 bhp | 550 kg / 1,213 lb | 42 W/kg / 39 lb/hp |
Mitsubishi i MiEV 2009[28] | 47 kW / 63 bhp | 1,080 kg / 2,381 lb | 43.5 W/kg / 37.8 lb/hp |
Holden FJ 2,160 cc 1953[29] | 44.7 kW / 60 bhp | 1,021 kg / 2,250 lb | 43.8 W/kg / 37.5 lb/hp |
Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC Topkick LYE 6.6 L 2005[4][30] | 246 kW / 330 bhp | 5126 kg / 11,300 lb | 48 W/kg / 34.2 lb/hp |
DOE/NASA/0032-28 Chevrolet Celebrity 502 cc ASE Mod II 1985[3] | 62.3 kW / 83.5 bhp | 1,297 kg / 2,860 lb | 48.0 W/kg / 34.3 lb/hp |
Suzuki Alto 796 cc 2000 | 35 kW / 46 bhp | 720 kg / 1,587 lb | 49 W/kg / 35 lb/hp |
Land Rover Defender 2.4 L 1990[31] | 90 kW / 121 bhp | 1,837 kg / 4,050 lb | 49 W/kg / 33 lb/hp |
Common power, (listed as weight to power)
Vehicle | Power | Vehicle Weight | Weight-to-Power ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Toyota Prius 1.8 L 2010 (petrol only)[32] | 73 kW / 98 bhp | 1,380 kg / 3,042 lb | 53 W/kg / 31 lb/hp |
Bajaj Platina Naked 100 cc 2006[33] | 6 kW / 8 bhp | 113 kg / 249 lb | 53 W/kg / 31 lb/hp |
Subaru R2 type S 2003[34] | 47 kW / 63 bhp | 830 kg / 1,830 lb | 57 W/kg / 29 lb/hp |
Ford Fiesta ECOnetic 1.6 L TDCi 5dr 2009[35] | 66 kW / 89 bhp | 1,155 kg / 2,546 lb | 57 W/kg / 29 lb/hp |
Volvo C30 1.6D DRIVe S/S 3dr Hatch 2010[36] | 80 kW / 108 bhp | 1,347 kg / 2,970 lb | 59.4 W/kg / 27.5 lb/hp |
Ford Focus ECOnetic 1.6 L TDCi 5dr Hatch 2009[37] | 81 kW / 108 bhp | 1,357 kg / 2,992 lb | 59.7 W/kg / 27 lb/hp |
Ford Focus 1.8 L Zetec S TDCi 5dr Hatch 2009[38] | 84 kW / 113 bhp | 1,370 kg / 3,020 lb | 61 W/kg / 27 lb/hp |
Honda FCX Clarity 4 kg Hydrogen 2008[39] | 100 kW / 134 bhp | 1,600 kg / 3,528 lb | 63 W/kg / 26 lb/hp |
Hummer H1 6.6 L V8 2006[40] | 224 kW / 300 bhp | 3,559 kg / 7,847 lb | 63 W/kg / 26 lb/hp |
Audi A2 1.4 L TDI 90 type S 2003[41] | 66 kW / 89 bhp | 1,030 kg / 2,270 lb | 64 W/kg / 25 lb/hp |
Opel/Vauxhall/Holden/Chevrolet Astra 1.7 L CTDi 125 2010[42] | 92 kW / 123 bhp | 1,393 kg / 3,071 lb | 66 W∕kg / 24.9 lb∕hp |
Mini (new) Cooper 1.6D 2007[43] | 81 kW / 108 bhp | 1,185 kg / 2,612 lb | 68 W/kg / 24 lb/hp |
Toyota Prius 1.8 L 2010 (electric boost)[32] | 100 kW / 134 bhp | 1,380 kg / 3,042 lb | 72 W/kg / 23 lb/hp |
Ford Focus 2.0 L Zetec S TDCi 5dr Hatch 2009[44] | 100 kW / 134 bhp | 1,370 kg / 3,020 lb | 73 W/kg / 23 lb/hp |
General Motors EV1 electric car Gen II 1998[45] | 102.2 kW / 137 bhp | 1,400 kg / 3,086 lb | 73 W/kg / 23 lb/hp |
Toyota Venza I4 2.7 L FWD 2009[46] | 136 kW / 182 bhp | 1,706 kg / 3,760 lb | 80 W/kg / 20.7 lb/hp |
Ford Focus 2.0 L Zetec S 5dr Hatch 2009[47] | 107 kW / 143 bhp | 1,327 kg / 2,926 lb | 81 W/kg / 20 lb/hp |
Fiat Grande Punto 1.6 L Multijet 120 2005[48] | 88 kW / 118 bhp | 1,075 kg / 2,370 lb | 82 W/kg / 20 lb/hp |
Mini (classic) 1275GT 1969 | 57 kW / 76 bhp | 686 kg / 1,512 lb | 83 W/kg / 20 lb/hp |
Opel/Vauxhall/Holden/Chevrolet Astra 2.0 L CTDi 160 2010[49] | 118 kW / 158 bhp | 1,393 kg / 3,071 lb | 85 W∕kg / 19.4 lb∕hp |
Ford Focus 2.0 auto 2007[50] | 104.4 kW / 140 bhp | 1,198 kg / 2,641 lb | 87.1 W/kg / 19 lb/hp |
Subaru Legacy/Liberty 2.0R 2005[51] | 121 kW / 162 bhp | 1,370 kg / 3,020 lb | 88 W/kg / 19 lb/hp |
Subaru Outback 2.5i 2008[52] | 130.5 kW / 175 bhp | 1,430 kg / 3,153 lb | 91 W/kg / 18 lb/hp |
Smart Fortwo 1.0 L Brabus 2009[53] | 72 kW / 97 bhp | 780 kg / 1,720 lb | 92 W/kg / 18 lb/hp |
Toyota Venza V6 3.5 L AWD 2009[46] | 200 kW / 268 bhp | 1,835 kg / 4,045 lb | 109 W/kg / 15 lb/hp |
Toyota Venza I4 2.7 L FWD 2009[46] with Lotus mass reduction[54] | 136 kW / 182 bhp | 1,210 kg / 2,667 lb | 112.2 W/kg / 14.7 lb/hp |
Toyota Hilux V6 DOHC 4 L 4×2 Single Cab Pickup ute 2009[55] | 175 kW / 235 bhp | 1,555 kg / 3,428 lb | 112.5 W/kg / 14.6 lb/hp |
Toyota Venza V6 3.5 L FWD 2009[46] | 200 kW / 268 bhp | 1,755 kg / 3,870 lb | 114 W/kg / 14.4 lb/hp |
Performance luxury, roadsters and mild sports, (listed as weight to power)
Increased engine performance is a consideration, but also other features associated with luxury vehicles. Longitudinal engines are common. Bodies vary from hot hatches, sedans (saloons), coupés, convertibles and roadsters. Mid-range dual-sport and cruiser motorcycles tend to have similar power-to-weight ratios.
Vehicle | Power | Vehicle Weight | Weight-to-power ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Honda Accord sedan V6 2011 | 202 kW / 271 bhp | 1630 kg / 3593 lb | 124 W/kg / 13.26 lb/hp |
Mini (new) Cooper 1.6T S JCW 2008[56] | 155 kW / 208 bhp | 1205 kg / 2657 lb | 129 W/kg / 13 lb/hp |
Mazda RX-8 1.3 L Wankel 2003 | 173 kW / 232 bhp | 1309 kg / 2888 lb | 141 W/kg / 12 lb/hp |
Holden Statesman/Caprice / Buick Park Avenue / Daewoo Veritas 6 L V8 2007[57] | 270 kW / 362 bhp | 1891 kg / 4170 lb | 143 W/kg / 12 lb/hp |
Kawasaki KLR650 Gasoline DualSport 650 cc | 26 kW / 35 bhp | 182 kg / 401 lb | 143 W/kg / 11 lb/hp |
NATO HTC M1030M1 Diesel/Jet fuel DualSport 670 cc[58] | 26 kW / 35 bhp | 182 kg / 401 lb | 143 W/kg / 11 lb/hp |
Harley-Davidson FLSTF Softail Fat Boy Cruiser 1,584 cc 2009[59] | 47 kW / 63 bhp | 324 kg / 714 lb | 145 W/kg / 11.3 lb/hp |
BMW 7 Series 760Li 6 L V12 2006[60] | 327 kW / 439 bhp | 2250 kg / 4960 lb | 145 W/kg / 11 lb/hp |
Subaru Impreza WRX STi 2.0 L 2008[61] | 227 kW / 304 bhp | 1530 kg / 3373 lb | 148 W/kg / 11 lb/hp |
Honda S2000 roadster 1999 | 183.88 kW / 240 bhp | 1250 kg / 2723 lb | 150 W/kg / 11 lb/hp |
GMH HSV Clubsport / GMV VXR8 / GMC CSV CR8 / Pontiac G8 6 L V8 2006[62] | 317 kW / 425 bhp | 1831 kg / 4037 lb | 173 W/kg / 9.5 lb/hp |
Tesla Roadster 2011[63] | 215 kW / 288 bhp | 1235 kg / 2723 lb | 174 W/kg / 9.5 lb/hp |
Sports vehicles and aircraft, (listed as weight to power)
Power-to-weight ratio is an important vehicle characteristic that affects the acceleration and handling - and therefore the driving enjoyment - of any sports vehicle. Aircraft also depend on high power-to-weight ratio to achieve sufficient lift.
Vehicle | Power | Vehicle Weight | Weight-to-power ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Lotus Elise SC 2008 | 163 kW / 218 bhp | 910 kg / 2006 lb | 179 W/kg / 9 lb/hp |
Ferrari Testarossa 1984 | 291 kW / 390 bhp | 1506 kg / 3320 lb | 193 W/kg / 9 lb/hp |
Artega GT[64] | 220 kW / 300 bhp | 1100 kg / 2425 lb | 200 W/kg / 8 lb/hp |
Lotus Exige GT3 2006[65] | 202.1 kW / 271 bhp | 980 kg / 2160 lb | 206 W/kg / 8 lb/hp |
Chevrolet Corvette C6[66] | 321 kW / 430 bhp | 1441 kg / 3177 lb | 223 W/kg / 7 lb/hp |
Suzuki V-Strom 650 V-twin DualSport 650 cc | 50 kW / 67 bhp | 194 kg / 427 lb | 258 W/kg / 6.4 lb/hp |
Chevrolet Corvette C6 Z06[66] | 376 kW / 505 bhp | 1421 kg / 3133 lb | 265 W/kg / 6.2 lb/hp |
Porsche 911 GT2 2007 | 390 kW / 523 bhp | 1440 kg / 3200 lb | 271 W/kg / 6.1 lb/hp |
Lamborghini Murciélago LP 670-4 SV 2009[67] | 493 kW / 661 bhp | 1550 kg / 3417 lb | 318 W/kg / 5.1 lb/hp |
McLaren F1 GT 1997[68] | 467.6 kW / 627 bhp | 1220 kg / 2690 lb | 403 W/kg / 4.3 lb/hp |
Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 turboprop airliner[69] | 7,562 kW / 10,142 bhp | 17,185 kg / 37,888 lb | 440 W/kg / 3.7 lb/hp |
Supermarine Spitfire Fighter aircraft 1936 | 1,096 kW / 1,470 bhp | 2,309 kg / 5,090 lb | 475 W/kg / 3.46 lb/hp |
Messerschmitt Bf 109 Fighter aircraft 1935 | 1,085 kW / 1,455 bhp | 2,247 kg / 4,954 lb | 483 W/kg / 3.40 lb/hp |
Thunderbolt Land speed record car | 3504 kW / 4700 bhp | 7 t / 15432 lb | 500 W/kg / 3.28 lb/hp |
Ferrari FXX 2005 | 597 kW / 801 bhp | 1155 kg / 2546 lb | 517 W/kg / 3.2 lb/hp |
Polaris Industries Assault Snowmobile 2009[70] | 115 kW / 154 bhp | 221 kg / 487 lb | 523 W/kg / 3.16 lb/hp |
Ultima GTR 720 2006[71] | 536.9 kW / 720 bhp | 920 kg / 2183 lb | 583 W/kg / 3 lb/hp |
Honda CBR1000RR 2009 | 133 kW / 178 bhp | 199 kg / 439 lb | 668 W/kg / 2.5 lb/hp |
Ariel Atom 500 V8 2011 | 372 kW / 500 bhp | 550 kg / 1212 lb | 676.3 W/kg / 2.45 lb/hp |
BMW S1000RR 2009 | 144 kW / 193 bhp | 207.7 kg / 458 lb | 693.3 W/kg / 2.37 lb/hp |
Peugeot 208 T16 Pikes Peak 2013 | 652 kW / 875 bhp | 875 kg / 1930 lb | 745 W/kg / 2.2 lb/hp |
KillaCycle Drag racing electric motorcycle | 260 kW / 350 bhp | 281 kg / 619 lb | 925 W/kg / 1.77 lb/hp |
MTT Turbine Superbike 2008[72] | 213.3 kW / 286 bhp | 227 kg / 500 lb | 940 W/kg / 1.75 lb/hp |
Vyrus 987 C3 4V V supercharged motorcycle 2010[73] | 157.3 kW / 211 bhp | 158 kg / 348.3 lb | 996 W/kg / 1.65 lb/hp |
BMW Williams FW27 Formula One 2005[74] | 690 kW / 925 bhp | 600 kg / 1323 lb | 1150 W/kg / 1.43 lb/hp |
Honda RC211V MotoGP 2004-6 | 176.73 kW / 237 bhp | 148 kg / 326 lb | 1194 W/kg / 1.37 lb/hp |
Boeing 747-300[9] at Mach 0.84 cruise, 35,000 ft altitude | 245 MW / 328,656 bhp | 178.1 t / 392,800 lb | 1376 W/kg / 1.20 lb/hp |
John Force Racing Funny Car NHRA Drag Racing 2008[75] | 5,963.60 kW / 8,000 bhp | 1043 kg / 2,300 lb | 5717 W/kg / 0.30 lb/hp |
Koenigsegg One:1 2015 | 1000 kW / 1341 bhp | 1310 kg / 2888 lb | 763.35 W/kg / 2.15 lb/hp |
See also
References
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