Detroit Metropolitan Airport

Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport
IATA: DTW – ICAO: KDTW – FAA LID: DTW – WMO: 72537
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Wayne County, Michigan
Operator	Wayne County Airport Authority
Serves	Detroit, Michigan, United States, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States and Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Location	Romulus, Michigan
Hub for	Delta Air Lines Spirit Airlines
Elevation AMSL	645 ft / 197 m
Coordinates	42°12′45″N 083°21′12″W / 42.21250°N 83.35333°W / 42.21250; -83.35333Coordinates: 42°12′45″N 083°21′12″W / 42.21250°N 83.35333°W / 42.21250; -83.35333
Website	www.metroairport.com
Maps
FAA airport diagram
DTW Show map of Michigan DTW Show map of the US Location of airport within Michigan/United States
Runways
Direction Length Surface ft m 4R/22L 12,003 3,659 Concrete 4L/22R 10,000 3,048 Asphalt/Concrete 3R/21L 10,001 3,048 Concrete 3L/21R 8,501 2,591 Asphalt/Concrete 9L/27R 8,708 2,654 Asphalt/Concrete 9R/27L 8,500 2,591 Concrete
Statistics (2015)
Total passengers (2015) 33,440,112 Cargo volume (2014) 202,066 tonnes Aircraft operations (2015) 379,376
Source: www.metroairport.com[1]

Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport (IATA: DTW, ICAO: KDTW), usually called Detroit Metro Airport, Metro Airport locally, or simply DTW, is a major international airport in the United States covering 4,850 acres (1,960 ha)^[2] in Romulus, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. It is Michigan's busiest airport, and one of the largest air transportation hubs in the country. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a large hub primary commercial service facility.^[3]

The airport is Delta Air Lines' second-largest hub in terms of daily flights.^[4][5] Detroit serves as the primary gateway to Asia for the Eastern United States for Delta and is also the third-busiest gateway to Europe for the airline. The airport is a major gateway for tourism in metropolitan Detroit and is one of SkyTeam's major Midwestern hubs.^[6] It is also the fourth-largest base for Spirit Airlines and is a major connecting point between the Eastern and the Western United States.^[7] Operated by the Wayne County Airport Authority, the airport has four major runways and two crosswind runways, two terminals, 129 in-service gates,^[8] and an on-site Westin Hotel and conference center connected to the A concourse. Detroit Metropolitan Airport has maintenance facilities capable of servicing and repairing aircraft as large as the Boeing 747-400.^[9]

In 2012 Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport was the 16th-busiest airport in the United States and the 44th-busiest airport in the world in terms of passenger traffic. In terms of aircraft operations (takeoffs and landings), it remains one of the ten busiest airfields in North America.^[8] Metro Airport also serves the Toledo, Ohio, area, approximately 40 miles (64 km) south of the airport, and the city of Windsor, Ontario and Southwestern Ontario in nearby Canada.^[10] The airport serves over 140 destinations^[8] and was named the best large U.S. airport in customer satisfaction by J.D. Power & Associates in 2010.^[11]

History

Wayne County began to plan an airport in the western townships of the county as early as 1927. The following year the county board of supervisors issued a $2 million bond to fund the purchase of one square mile (2.6 km²) of land at the corner of Middlebelt and Wick roads, the northeastern boundary of today's airport. Construction was completed in 1929, and the first landing was on February 22, 1930; Wayne County Airport was formally dedicated on September 4, 1930.^[12] That year Thompson Aeronautical Corporation, a forerunner of American Airlines, inaugurated service from the airport. From 1931 until 1945, the airport housed Michigan Air National Guard operations gained by the United States Army Air Forces. It was also named Romulus Field during the war. The original runway (14/32) was later decommissioned, but parts of it remain as Taxiways M-4 and P-4, crossing from southeast of Runway 3R/21L through Runway 9L/27R and ending northwest of Runway 3L/21R.

Between 1947 and 1950 the county expanded the small airport to become Detroit's primary airport. It was renamed Detroit-Wayne Major Airport in 1947, and in the next three years expanded threefold as three more runways were built. In 1949 runways 3L/21R and 9L/27R were built, and in 1950 runway 4R/22L was added. In 1946–47 most airline traffic moved from the cramped Detroit City Airport (now Coleman Young International Airport) northeast of downtown Detroit to the larger Willow Run Airport over 20 miles (32 km) west of the city, and 10 miles (16 km) west of Wayne County Airport.

Pan-Am (1954), and BOAC (1956), were the first passenger airlines at Detroit-Wayne Major. In the April 1957 Official Airline Guide, they were the only passenger airlines: three Pan Am DC-7Cs per week FRA–LHR–SNN–DTW–ORD and back, and one BOAC DC-7C per week LHR–PIK–YUL–DTW–ORD and back (skipping YUL on the return flight).

Aerial photographs of DTW from 1949 and 1956 show the airport's expansion.^[13] American Airlines shifted to Detroit-Wayne in October 1958, followed by Northwest, Allegheny and Delta in the next few months. In 1958, the Civil Aviation Administration—now the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)—announced the inclusion of Detroit-Wayne in the first group of American airports to receive new long-range radar equipment, enabling the airport to become the first inland airport in the United States certified for jet airliners. Also in 1958, the L.C. Smith (South) Terminal was completed and the airport was given its present name.^[14]

Jet flights (Pan Am and American 707s) began in 1960. Northwest's flights to MSP were DTW's only nonstops west beyond Chicago and Milwaukee until 1966, when the remaining passenger airlines at Willow Run moved to Metro Airport. The North Terminal (later renamed the Davey Terminal) opened in 1966 and a third terminal, the Michael Berry International Terminal, opened in 1974. The last of its original three parallel runways (3R/21L) was completed in 1976. A new parallel crosswind runway (9R/27L) opened in 1993.

Republic Airlines began hub operations in 1984, and its merger with Northwest Airlines in 1986 expanded the hub. Transpacific flights began in 1987, nonstop Northwest 747s to Tokyo. The last of Metro's six runways (4L/22R) was completed in December 2001 in preparation for the opening of the mile-long, 122-gate, $1.2 billion McNamara Terminal in the airport midfield in 2002.^[14] The airport remained a hub for Northwest Airlines until it merged with Delta Air Lines.^[15]

The present Runway 3L/21R has had four identifiers. When opened in 1949, it was Runway 3/21. With the opening of the new west side Runway 3L/21R in 1950, the original 3/21 became 3R/21L. With the opening of the new east side Runway 3R/21L in 1976, it became 3C/21C. With the opening of Runway 4L/22R in December 2001 and the splitting of the field into two sectors (3/21 on the east and 4/22 on the west), Runway 3C/21C became Runway 3L/21R.

In 2009 Detroit Metro Airport launched its first social media efforts with participation in Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube networks.

In April 2011 Lufthansa launched a unique curbside check-in and baggage check service for premium customers from DTW's North Terminal to Frankfurt and beyond. Lufthansa became the only airline allowing international customers departing from DTW to check their bags and receive a boarding pass at the curb, while DTW becomes Lufthansa's first North American gateway with this service.^[16]

Detroit's economy fell greatly to the Great Recession, causing airlines like British Airways to drop flights to London–Heathrow and airlines like Aeromexico and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines to use codeshare flights through Delta Air Lines. While the city has lost population, Detroit Airport has since re-grown, and airlines are looking to expand or begin service once again. JetBlue Airways began flights to Boston, which have been so successful that the airline began Fort Lauderdale service on April 30, 2015, and has been looking to expand service to Orlando, and New York–JFK. Virgin Atlantic now serves Detroit with daily flights to London–Heathrow, operating the flight year round in conjunction with their codeshare partner Delta Air Lines (which will take over the flight in May 2017).^[17] United has announced the return of nonstop flights to San Francisco in June 2017 in efforts to boost competition in Detroit.

Royal Jordanian was the first airline to fly the Boeing 787 Dreamliner into Detroit, with the inaugural flight on December 1, 2014.^[18]

One of Delta Connection carriers Compass Airlines, chose to close its operating base in Detroit to move operations to the new Seattle hub in early 2015. Delta has replaced many of the existing Compass flights with mainline Delta flights and allowed SkyWest Airlines and GoJet to open Detroit bases.^[19]

A bus shuttle service was announced and was scheduled to begin in early 2016 from Metro Airport to the transportation hub in downtown Detroit, which will better connect tourists and business travelers from the airport to the downtown area. Currently the airport has no train system or a direct shuttle to the city. The SMART bus company offers a bus service to the city but with multiple connections which can take over an hour to downtown, whereas the proposed company would transport passengers in 25 minutes.^[20] On top of the existing bus plans, mass transit from Detroit to a rail connection point just north of the airport is being planned by the Regional Transit Authority, in efforts to make transportation quicker and easier.^[21]

On June 26, 2015, Spirit Airlines announced the construction of a new maintenance facility on the airport. This facility would bring 31.5 million dollars and 82 jobs to the Metro Detroit area. Spirit Airlines had a hangar that closed down, forcing the airline to do maintenance at the gate and contract the workers, but with the new facility (scheduled to open in late 2016) it will retain hub activity at Metro Airport, and bring along more and new air service.^[22]

Planned development

The Airport Authority's long-term plans include a bus transportation system to a light rail station north of the airport proposed by the RTA, expansions and re surfacing of runways to accommodate the Airbus A380, as well as vendor, security checkpoint and terminal expansions. The bus route would connect the existing terminals to a light rail station north of the airport via bus with an anticipated consolidated rental car facility and a planned regional rail system.

The FAA projects that air traffic will grow 67% at Detroit Metro over the next 20 years, which would equate to 60 million passengers. Runway 3L/21R will be expanded in length to accommodate future traffic needs, the other four runways have already been expanded.

Also, the airport is considering the expansion of Concourse C and both ends of Concourse D as well as expand or relocate security checkpoints to meet tomorrow's travel needs. There are several options for the expansion of the North Terminal to meet the demands of airlines which includes expanded ticket counter space, expanded or centralized security, and the option of expanding the north or south ends of the terminals to add an additional 5 gates. The McNamara terminal includes expanded ticket counter space, expanded or centralized security and POD upgrades or expansions in Concourse C.^[23]

The Wayne County Airport Authority's latest FAA Master Plan includes a number of proposed future developments to be considered at such time as demand warrants and funding is available. A significant element of this plan is growing air service nearly 60 percent until 2030. The goals are to include better connectivity to the Middle-East, India, and nonstop flights to several key destinations in Europe, Latin America, and Asia.^[24] This addition would add to the airport's four existing parallel runways and its two crosswind runways in order to alleviate future congestion.^[25]

Terminals

Edward H. McNamara Terminal

The McNamara Terminal, also once known as the Northwest WorldGateway, opened February 25, 2002. Designed by SmithGroup and built by Hunt Construction Group, it replaced the aged Davey Terminal. During development, the terminal was known as the Midfield Terminal.^[14] The terminal is used exclusively by Delta (which merged with Northwest), Virgin Atlantic, as well as SkyTeam partner Air France. This terminal has three concourses, A, B, and C, which house 103 gates with shopping and dining in the center of A concourse (known as the Central Link), as well as throughout the concourses. There are 3 Delta Skyclubs located throughout Concourse A, and 1 located in Concourses B and C. In addition to moving walkways spaced along the length of each concourse, concourse A has a people mover, the ExpressTram, that transports passengers between ends of 1 mi (1.6 km) Concourse A in just over three minutes. Trams arrive almost simultaneously at the Terminal Station at the midpoint of the concourse and depart in opposite directions to the North Station and the South Station, then return.^[26] The McNamara Terminal opened a new baggage sorting facility in October 2008, which has improved the screening of baggage through 14 new explosive detection system devices along a fully automated conveyor system. Northwest Airlines said that it reduced the amount of lost baggage, and it improved the timeliness of bags getting to their correct flight.^[27][28]

An AAA Four Star Westin hotel is connected to the A concourse. Additionally, overnight guests at the hotel who are not flying can obtain a pass to enter the concourses to visit shops and restaurants. Called the Airport Access Authorization to Commercial Establishments Beyond the Screen Checkpoint (AAACE), registered guests must be cleared through the same security background check (Secure Flight) and TSA screening process as travelers to access the terminal area. Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport is the only other airport participating in this program.^[29]

The A concourse houses 62 gates with 12 gates used for international departures and arrivals processing.^[26] The A concourse is intended for all aircraft. At the midpoint of the concourse is a large, laminar flow water feature designed by WET.^[30] The concourse contains over 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of moving walkways. (however, the ExpressTram does not have Japanese-language announcements), and signage in other languages is located inside international arrivals areas. The A concourse also includes a pet relief area for passengers traveling with pets and service animals. Signage through the terminal is, along with English, in and Japanese due to the large amount of business travelers from Japan; Izumi Suzuki, a Sheraton employee, and several colleagues provided the Japanese translations used by the airport. In previous eras many Japanese travelers going through Detroit missed connections due to a lack of English comprehension.^[31]

There are ten international gates that are capable of dual jet bridge loading and unloading. They also contain two exit configurations depending on the arriving flight. Domestic arrivals follow the upper path directly into the terminal while international arrivals proceed downstairs to customs and immigration screening. The Customs and Border Protection processing center located in the terminal's lower level is designed to accommodate as many as 3,200 passengers per hour. International arriving passengers connecting to another flight are screened by TSA at a dedicated screening checkpoint within the international arrivals facility. Those passengers then exit directly back into the center of the A concourse.^[32] Passengers arriving from international destinations who end their trip in Detroit (or connecting to a flight via North Terminal) exit directly into a dedicated International Arrivals Hall on the lower level of the terminal.

The B and C concourses currently have 41 gates that are used for Delta's regional flights that employ smaller aircraft. All regional flights have jet bridges, eliminating the need for outdoor boarding.

The B and C concourses are connected to the main terminal building and the A Concourse by a pedestrian walkway under the Airport ramp. This walkway, known as the Light Tunnel, features an elaborate multi-colored light show behind sculpted glass panels extending the entire length of the walkway, as well several moving walkways. The light patterns are synchronized with an original musical score composed by Victor Alexeeff,^[33] which runs for nearly 30 minutes before repeating. This installation, one of the first large-scale uses of color changing LED lighting in the United States, was produced by Mills James Productions with glasswork by Foxfire Glass Works of Pontiac, Michigan. The display won multiple lighting design awards including the prestigious Guth Award of Merit. For passengers who are prone to medical conditions such as seizures, there are buttons at each end of the tunnel that will suspend the light show for five minutes so they can pass through with no adverse effects.

The terminal has undergone updates that include new electronic terminal directories to better assist passengers. A unique feature of this is that passengers can scan their boarding passes, and the screen will direct passengers to the gate their plane departs from, and can be viewed in several other languages. Also passengers may select a restaurant on the touch screen, a menu will show what items the restaurant serves. Mini tablet devices and phone/tablet apps have been installed in food court areas, where someone may order food and have it delivered to them.^[34]

North Terminal

The North Terminal, designed by Gensler and built by Walbridge/Barton Malow Joint Venture,^[35] opened September 17, 2008, as the replacement for the aged Berry and Smith terminals, which housed all non-SkyTeam airlines. Initially, Wayne County Airport Authority sought bids for the naming rights of the North Terminal, however, after two years with no successful offers, the effort ceased and the North Terminal name remained.^[36]

The terminal houses all non-SkyTeam airlines serving the airport, and is considered the D Concourse of the airport; the McNamara Terminal has Concourses A, B, and C. The concourse has 26 gates, two of which opened in the middle of 2009 to accommodate international wide-body aircraft. The two gates could not be used at the time of the building's opening because they were extremely close to Smith Terminal's C Concourse. (That concourse was demolished after flights moved to the new terminal, which enabled the final two gates at the new terminal to be completed.) The terminal features four long segments of moving walkways on the departures level, and another moving walkway on the lower level; that is for international arriving passengers to access the Federal Inspection Services area.

The North Terminal houses two six-lane security checkpoints. The terminal also has U.S. Customs & Border Protection inspection facilities located on the lower level for arriving international flights.^[37]

The North Terminal includes a Lufthansa club, located at the south end of the D concourse by gate D4. Also, this terminal includes a brand new service pet relief area to accommodate passengers traveling with pets.

The North Terminal has five common-use domestic baggage carousels on the lower level. Two additional carousels are located inside the Federal Inspection Services area for international flights, and a central Oversize Baggage Claim is adjacent to both the international and domestic carousel areas.

January 29, 2010, the North Terminal was named winner of the "Build Michigan" award project.^[38]

Airlines and destinations

Countries served by flights to and from Detroit including seasonal and future destinations.

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal/Concourse
Air Canada Express	Toronto–Pearson	North/D
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle	McNamara/A
Alaska Airlines	Seattle/Tacoma	North/D
American Airlines	Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor	North/D
American Eagle	Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, Washington–National	North/D
Apple Vacations operated by Xtra Airways[39]	Seasonal Charter: Punta Cana	North/D
Delta Air Lines	Albany, Amsterdam, Appleton, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Beijing–Capital, Boston, Buffalo, Cancún, Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Frankfurt, Grand Rapids, Green Bay, Hartford, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Las Vegas, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madison, Memphis, Mexico City, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montego Bay, Monterrey, Nagoya–Centrair, Nashville, New Orleans, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Newark, Omaha, Orlando, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Providence, Punta Cana, Raleigh/Durham, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Diego, San Francisco, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Tampa, Tokyo–Narita, Traverse City, Washington–National, West Palm Beach Seasonal: Chicago–Midway, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Cozumel, Grand Cayman, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Harrisburg, Jacksonville (FL), Manchester (NH), Montréal–Trudeau, Munich, Myrtle Beach, Nassau, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Portland (ME), Portland (OR), Puerto Vallarta, Rochester (NY), Rome–Fiumicino, San Antonio, San José del Cabo, San Juan, Sarasota, South Bend, Syracuse, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver, Washington–Dulles	McNamara/A
Delta Connection	Akron/Canton, Albany, Allentown, Alpena, Appleton, Austin, Binghamton, Birmingham (AL), Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (SC), Chattanooga, Chicago–Midway, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Des Moines, Elmira/Corning, Erie, Escanaba (MI), Evansville, Fort Wayne, Grand Rapids, Green Bay, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Harrisburg, Houston–Intercontinental, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Iron Mountain (begins February 1, 2017), Ithaca, Jacksonville (FL), Kalamazoo, Knoxville, Lansing, Lexington, Little Rock, Louisville, Madison, Manchester (NH), Marquette, Memphis, Milwaukee, Moline/Quad Cities, Monterrey, Montréal–Trudeau, New York–JFK, Newark, Newburgh, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ottawa, Pellston, Peoria, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rochester (NY), Saginaw, Savannah, St. Louis, San Antonio, Sault Ste. Marie (MI), South Bend, State College, Syracuse, Toronto–Pearson, Traverse City, Tulsa, Washington–Dulles, Wausau, White Plains, Wilkes Barre/Scranton Seasonal: Baltimore, Bangor (ends January 1, 2017),[40] Boston, Charlotte, Hartford, Kansas City, Myrtle Beach, Nashville, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Providence, Washington–National	McNamara/A,B,C
Frontier Airlines	Orlando, Phoenix–Sky Harbor Seasonal: Denver, Fort Myers, Trenton	North/D
JetBlue Airways	Boston, Fort Lauderdale	North/D
Lufthansa	Frankfurt	North/D
Royal Jordanian	Amman–Queen Alia1	North/D
Southwest Airlines	Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Dallas–Love, Denver, Las Vegas, Nashville, Orlando, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, St. Louis	North/D
Spirit Airlines	Atlanta, Baltimore, Cancún, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Houston–Intercontinental, Kansas City, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Philadelphia, Tampa Seasonal: Atlantic City, Boston, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Myrtle Beach	North/D
Total Rewards Air operated by Sun Country Airlines[41]	Charter: Atlantic City, Gulfport (MS), Laughlin/Bullhead City	North/D
United Airlines	Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, San Francisco (resumes June 8, 2017)[42] Seasonal: Washington–Dulles	North/D
United Express	Chicago–O'Hare, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, Washington–Dulles	North/D
Virgin Atlantic	London–Heathrow (ends March 25, 2017)[43]	McNamara/A

Notes

^1 Royal Jordanian operates flights to and from Detroit year round. The airline operates nonstop service to Amman in the summer months. In the fall, winter, and spring months, however, the flight makes a stop in Montréal–Trudeau. Royal Jordanian does not have fifth freedom rights to transport passengers solely from Detroit to Montreal.

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
DHL Aviation operated by Atlas Air	Cincinnati
FedEx Express	Atlanta, Boston, Chicago–O'Hare, Charlotte, Columbus–Rickenbacker, Indianapolis, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St Paul, Newark
UPS Airlines	Chicago/Rockford, Lansing, Louisville, Philadelphia

Statistics

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from DTW (Sep 2015 – Aug 2016)^[44]

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	Atlanta, Georgia	771,000	Delta, Southwest, Spirit
2	Orlando, Florida	578,000	Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit
3	Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois	536,000	American, Delta, United
4	Las Vegas, Nevada	496,000	Delta, Southwest, Spirit
5	New York–LaGuardia, New York	493,000	American, Delta, Spirit
6	Fort Lauderdale, Florida	444,000	Delta, JetBlue, Spirit
7	Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas	438,000	American, Delta, Spirit
8	Denver, Colorado	437,000	Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
9	Boston, Massachusetts	429,000	Delta, JetBlue, Spirit
10	Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Arizona	408,000	American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, US Airways

Busiest International Routes to and from DTW (2015)^[45]

Rank	Airport	Passengers	Annual Change	Carriers
1	Amsterdam, Netherlands	581,720	03.8%	Delta
2	Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France	342,283	010.3%	Air France, Delta
3	Frankfurt, Germany	280,153	04.3%	Delta, Lufthansa
4	Toronto (Pearson), Canada	246,953	04.7%	Air Canada, Delta
5	Seoul, South Korea	224,781	02.1%	Delta
6	Shanghai, China	205,103	023.9%	Delta
7	Montréal, Canada	200,400	022.7%	Delta
8	Tokyo (Narita), Japan	197,070	022.7%	Delta
9	London (Heathrow), United Kingdom	185,147	02.5%	Delta, Virgin Atlantic
10	Cancún, Mexico	181,338	00.3%	Delta, Icelandair, Spirit
11	Beijing (Capital), China	132,795	011.2%	Delta
12	São Paulo (Guarulhos), Brazil	92,635	020.8%	Delta
13	Mexico City, Mexico	80,207	00.4%	Delta
14	Rome (Fiumicino), Italy	79,032	032.8%	Delta
15	Nagoya, Japan	75,969	062.1%	Delta
16	Amman, Jordan	28,157	04.2%	Royal Jordanian
17	Monterrey, Mexico	26,145	05.6%	Delta
18	Ottawa, Canada	23,252	00.6%	Delta

Detroit Metropolitan Airport Departures (June 2016)

Rank	Airline	Departures
1	Delta Air Lines and Delta Connection	455
2	American Airlines and American Eagle	39
3	United Airlines and United Express	26
4	Spirit Airlines	24
5	Southwest Airlines	21
6	Air Canada	4
6	JetBlue	4
6	Frontier	4
9	Alaska Airlines	2
10	Air France	1
10	Lufthansa	1
10	Royal Jordanian	1
10	Virgin Atlantic (ends March 26, 2017)	1
	Total Departures	583

Annual traffic

Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at DTW, 1995 through 2015^[46]

Year	Passengers	Year	Passengers	Year	Passengers
		2010	32,377,064	2000	35,535,080
		2009	31,357,388	1999	33,967,819
		2008	35,135,828	1998	30,803,158
		2007	36,013,478	1997	30,732,871
		2006	35,972,673	1996	27,408,666
2015	33,440,112	2005	36,383,514	1995	28,298,215
2014	32,513,555	2004	35,229,705
2013	32,389,544	2003	32,738,900
2012	32,242,473	2002	32,477,694
2011	32,406,159	2001	32,631,463

Historical terminals

Michael Berry Terminal

The Berry Terminal, named for a former airport commissioner, was designed by Detroit architect Louis G. Redstone, and opened in 1974 as the international terminal at DTW. It was decommissioned on September 17, 2008, and replaced by the North Terminal; however, the airport authority voted May 20, 2009, to renovate the terminal to house its offices.^[47] All international passengers would arrive at this terminal, pass through customs and immigration inspection, and continue on to their connecting flights by bus to adjacent terminals.

Originally containing six gates (two of which were removed in 2003 to allow for construction of an adjacent Northwest Airlines maintenance hangar), the terminal was later used for scheduled and charter flights. There were still several international scheduled flights on low cost carriers to destinations in the Caribbean and other warm-weathered places in the early 2000s (decade), including flights from Champion Air, Ryan International Airlines and USA3000 Airlines. Four charter airlines also used this terminal.

Since its closure in 2008, the Berry Terminal has become a popular space for commercial film and television production. Films such as Up in the Air (2009), Machine Gun Preacher (2011) and This Must Be the Place have used the now-vacant terminal as a set (in addition to shooting in and around the airport's active terminals). As of April 2016, the Michael Berry Terminal has seen better days, with most of the signs and advertisements still hanging up. A stairwell that used to lead to the observation deck has been fenced off, and the former cafe has been renovated into a break room for the office employees.

During a presentation in early 2015 about upcoming construction projects, the board announced that they were looking to find a company to demolish the Berry terminal.^[48]

L. C. Smith Terminal

The Smith Terminal, named for Detroit-Wayne Major airport visionary Leroy C. Smith, was built in 1958 (also known as the old version of the North Terminal). Though cited as the oldest of Metro Airport's terminals, that designation belongs to the Executive Terminal building located near Middlebelt Road and Lucas Drive, one-quarter-mile east. The Executive Terminal was built in the late 1920s and is still in operation today as home to ASIG, a flight support company.

The Smith Terminal's 32 gates originally housed Northwest Orient Airlines, Allegheny Airlines (forerunner to US Airways), Eastern Airlines, and Pan Am, among others. A control tower was included in the construction, and served its purpose until the late 1980s, when a new control tower was built near the site of the new McNamara Terminal.

In later years, Smith Terminal hosted North American airlines other than Northwest, Continental, and later Delta, which relocated to the McNamara Terminal in 2002 before its merger with Northwest.

State of the art for its time, the Smith Terminal eventually became victim to airline expansion. The design of the building did not allow for physical expansion of the ticketing area. To accommodate additional airlines, ticketing counters were constructed on the sides of the lobby in areas that previously held lounges and retail.^[49] In contrast, the North Terminal was constructed with future expansion in mind.

Spirit Airlines, which operated out of many of the gates once used by Northwest, made few upgrades to the gate areas in those parts of the terminal. The Northwest Airlines display boards near check-in counters at each gate remained in place, with the Northwest logos removed, and a Spirit information board simply affixed over the old signage.

On September 10, 2008, The Detroit News reported that Smith Terminal itself will not be demolished because the airport authority offices remain on the upper floors. However, the Detroit Free Press of October 9, 2008, stated that maintaining the terminal in its present condition would cost upwards of $4 million annually in utilities, a sore spot for airlines at DTW who foot the bill, in part, through airport landing fees; the airlines were hoping for a greater cost savings once the Smith and Berry terminals were decommissioned.^[50] On May 20, 2009, the airport authority formally voted to totally vacate the Smith Terminal, while retaining and renovating the Berry Terminal for its offices.^[47]

Discussions were also raised regarding proposed construction of a new structure to house the Airport Authority offices and Airport Police, with a preliminary price tag of $31.5 million.

James M. Davey Terminal

The Davey Terminal was built in 1966 and was first known as "Terminal 2" or the "North Terminal". Designed by the firm of Smith, Hinchman and Grylls, it was said to be the largest post tensioned building in the world. Tapering cruciform columns around the perimeter and curved beams supported five large concrete roof panels. The lack of columns allowed maximum flexibility in the interior space. The spaces between the roof panels and exterior columns were filled with glass to allow abundant natural light into the building.^[51] It was renamed the "J. M. Davey Terminal" in 1975 in honor of former airport manager James M. Davey. It originally contained three concourses labeled D to F, as well as a Host Hotel which later was rebranded Marriott.^[14] In the early 1980s, a separate ticketing area was constructed to the north of the Davey Terminal for international departures, along with Concourse G to accommodate Northwest Airlink's regional fleet. Concourse C, originally part of the Smith Terminal, became to be considered part of the Davey Terminal once Northwest Airlines began to use it in the 1990s.

Over time, the terminal and added concourse began showing its age due to its layout and poor maintenance, hastened further by increased aircraft traffic, which it was not designed to handle efficiently. Despite this, more gates were added to Concourse C in a short-term expansion project in the early 1990s, making it 26 gates in length. This concourse was considered the worst by most travelers due to its long distance from the center of the terminal, and for its length.

The Davey Terminal was originally the principal base of operations for Republic Airlines, which merged with Northwest Orient Airlines to become Northwest Airlines in 1986. Upon relocation of Northwest operations to the McNamara Terminal, the Davey Terminal was mothballed for three years before demolition of the ticketing area and Concourse G began October 17, 2005, to prepare for the North Terminal project. All concourses of the Davey Terminal and adjoining Marriott hotel, except gates 1 to 11 of Concourse C, were subsequently demolished in 2005–06 (the remaining gates were in use by Spirit Airlines until the new North Terminal opened on September 17, 2008, during this time these gates on C were accessed through the Smith Terminal, as originally intended).^[14]

Parking and ground transportation

The McNamara Terminal Parking Structure is an 89-acre (36 ha), 10-level facility, which opened in February 2002. It is one of the largest parking structures in the world and includes a ground transportation center, pedestrian bridge, two luggage check-in locations, conveyors and bridges to transport luggage, six restrooms, three offices for parking officials, and two electrical substations. The structure can accommodate 11,489 cars in seven user groups. Parking for the North Terminal is offered in a garage known as the Big Blue Deck.^[52] One additional surface lot, named the Green Lot serves as overflow parking. A second surface lot, the Yellow Lot closed April 5, 2012.^[53] Four additional, privately owned parking lots are located outside airport grounds (Airlines Parking, Park 'N' Go, Qwik Park, U.S. Park). Motorcycle parking is free at the airport. Motorcycles can be parked in a separate covered area from cars at the McNamara Terminal Parking Structure.

The airport is accessible from Interstate 94 (I-94) by taking exit 198 to Merriman Road, which is the closest entrance to the North Terminal, and from I-275 via Eureka Road, which is closer to the McNamara Terminal. John D. Dingell Drive, named after long-time Congressman, is an expressway built in 1999 to access the McNamara Terminal and connects the I-94 and Eureka Road entrances of the airport. Many other local roads (including Goddard Road, Northline Road, Ecorse Road, Middlebelt Road, Merriman Road, and Wick Road) provide access to the airport and its surrounding property.^[54]

Most major rental car companies serve the airport through shuttle busses to offsite locations. Taxis are provided under contract with MetroCab (approximate cost to downtown Detroit is $48), while limousine and luxury vehicle service is provided by MetroCars.^[55]

The Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART) operates bus routes 125 (Fort Street – Detroit) and 280 (Middlebelt Road), that stop at the airport hourly and connect with the rest of Metro Detroit.^[56]

Terminal To Terminal shuttles provide free transport between the McNamara and North Terminals. Robert Q. Airbus also provides independent shuttle services to destinations in Southern Ontario, and most hotels located within the airport perimeter provide their own shuttle services as well.

The McNamara and North Terminals also have cell phone lots. The McNamara Terminal cell phone lot is located south of Eureka Road between I-275 and the airport entrance ramp. The North Terminal cell phone lot is located near I-94 at the Middlebelt Road exit and near the on-airport car rental facilities. Both cell phone lots are clearly marked and unattended vehicles are prohibited.^[57]

Metro Airport has also introduced a new system called 1>2>3 PARK which enables travelers to pay by swiping their credit or debit card. This new system is simple because it does not need a parking stub to know the duration of the travelers' stay. As of now, the "Big Blue Deck", the surface parking lots, and the McNamara Terminal parking structure currently have and use this new system.^[58]

The Ground Transportation Center is directly across from the North Terminal near the Big Blue Deck parking structure and has been expanded to include 800 additional parking spaces.

The Michigan Flyer provides bus service between the airport and Ann Arbor, Jackson, and East Lansing eight times daily.

Out-of-town shuttle service is available for passengers wishing to connect to flights at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Toronto.

The planned SEMCOG Commuter Rail system, with terminals at Ann Arbor and Detroit, would stop at the airport and provide rail transportation to and from the city.^[59] Because the line will use existing infrastructure, it will not directly serve the airport, but connect via shuttle. The planned airport station will be approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) north of the airport.

Awards

• J.D. Power and Associates ranked Metro Airport No. 1 in overall customer satisfaction nationwide among large airports in 2009 and 2010, up from No. 2 in 2008.^[11][60]
• Airports Council International (ACI) ranked Metro Airport the No. 3 best airport in North America along with the Ottawa, Canada airport in 2006. ACI also named Metro Airport the No. 3 best airport with 25–40 million passengers in 2006.^[61]
• Airports Council International (ACI) ranked Metro Airport the No. 5 best airport in North America in 2007. ACI also named Metro Airport the No. 3 best airport with 25–40 million passengers in 2007.^[62]

Accidents and incidents

• June 12, 1972, after a stopover in Detroit, American Airlines Flight 96 a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 with 56 passengers and 11 crew from Los Angeles International Airport en route to Buffalo, New York, suffered a cargo door failure and explosive decompression shortly after departure form Detroit Metropolitan Airport while flying over Windsor, Ontario. It is thus sometimes referred to as the Windsor incident.^[63] The aircraft sustained damage which left the pilots without full flight controls but the plane returned to Detroit for a successful emergency landing. There were no fatalities but several serious to minor injuries.
• July 31, 1972, Delta Air Lines Flight 841; members of the Black Liberation Army took over the airplane in flight using weapons smuggled on board, including a Bible cut out to hold a handgun. The plane held 7 crew and 94 passengers, none of whom was killed during the hijacking. Five hijackers who had boarded with three children took over the plane. The plane flew to Miami where the passengers were exchanged for $1 million in ransom. The plane was then flown on to Boston where it refueled before flying to Algeria. Algeria seized the plane and ransom which they returned to the U.S. but the hijackers were released after a few days.
• March 4, 1987, Northwest Airlink Flight 2268, operated by Fischer Brothers Aviation, a CASA 212 was on a scheduled flight from Mansfield to Detroit with an intermediate stop in Cleveland when it crashed while landing at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. The plane yawed violently to the left about 70 feet (21 m) above the runway, skidded to the right, hit three ground support vehicles in front of Concourse F and caught fire. Of 19 occupants onboard (16 passengers and 3 crew), 9 were killed. The cause of the crash was determined to be pilot error.^[64]
• August 16, 1987, a McDonnell Douglas MD-82 operating as Northwest Airlines Flight 255,^[65] bound for Phoenix, Arizona, crashed on take-off from Metro's 8,500-foot-long (2,600 m) Runway 3 Center (Now Runway 3L). All but one passenger on the aircraft were killed; the lone survivor was a young girl, Cecelia Cichan, who lost both of her parents and her brother. The NTSB determined that the accident resulted from flight crew's failure to deploy the aircraft's flaps prior to take-off, resulting in a lack of necessary lift. The aircraft slammed into an overpass bridge on I-94 just northeast of the departure end of the runway.^[66]
• December 3, 1990, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-14 operating as Northwest Airlines Flight 1482, bound for Pittsburgh, collided with a Boeing 727-200 Adv. operating as Northwest Airlines Flight 299, bound for Memphis, on runway 03C. Seven passengers and a flight attendant on Flight 1482 were killed. The cause of the accident is listed as "pilot error".^[67][68]
• January 9, 1997, an Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia aircraft operating as Comair Flight 3272 crashed nose down 18 miles (29 km) from the airport while on approach into Detroit. All 26 passengers and 3 crew members were killed. The cause is listed to be the "FAA's failure to establish adequate aircraft certification standards for flight in icing conditions, the FAA's failure to ensure that an FAA/CTA-approved procedure for the accident airplane's deice system operation was implemented by U.S.-based air carriers, and the FAA's failure to require the establishment of adequate minimum airspeeds for icing conditions."^[69]
• December 25, 2009, Nigerian national Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab attempted to detonate an explosive device on Northwest Airlines Flight 253, an Airbus A330 from Amsterdam to Detroit as the plane was approaching Detroit. The device failed to go off correctly, and the suspect suffered burns to his lower body. Three other passengers had minor injuries. The White House said it considered the incident an attempted terrorist attack.^[70]

See also

• Bishop International Airport
• Detroit Region Aerotropolis
• Michigan World War II Army Airfields
• Air Transport Command
• Selfridge Air National Guard Base
• Windsor Airport

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Detroit Metropolitan Airport.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport.

• Official website
• Wayne County-Detroit Metro Airport History
• Detroit Spotters
• FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective November 10, 2016
• FAA Terminal Procedures for DTW, effective November 10, 2016
• Preferred Development Plan
• Resources for this airport:
  • AirNav airport information for KDTW
  • ASN accident history for DTW
  • FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
  • NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
  • SkyVector aeronautical chart for KDTW
  • FAA current DTW delay information