Columbus Globe for State and Industry Leaders

Hitler's Globe photographed by a Soviet cameraman visiting the Reich Chancellery, 1945

The Columbus Globe for State and Industry Leaders (also known as Hitler's Globe or the Führer Globe) was a globe designed specifically for Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party.

Made in Berlin in the 1930s, the Columbus Globe for State and Industry Leaders was located in Hitler's office throughout most of its existence. It became a widely known in the United States after comedian Charlie Chaplin parodied it in his 1940 film The Great Dictator. Comedy group The Three Stooges also made fun of it in two of their acts. One of the two limited editions was collected by John Barsamia, a private in the U.S. Army, at Hitler's summer retreat shortly after the war and sold 60 years later at an auction in San Francisco for $100,000. The globe in Hitler's office replaced Ethiopia with Italian East Africa and was known for its size as well as manufacturing cost.

Origin

Two limited editions of the globe were made in Berlin in the mid 1930s, one for the Nazi Party and another for German dictator Adolf Hitler himself.[1] The one made for the Führer was nearly the size of a Volkswagen car and manufactured at a great expense. It changed Abyssinia (today's Ethiopia) to Italian East Africa. The other was made of standard wood with no special features.[1] The actual number of globes produced cannot be verified as the factory that produced the globe, along with its archives, was destroyed in air raids in 1943.[1]

Wolfram Pobanz, Polish historian and globe enthusiast, believes that even though it was located in his office, Hitler was probably not particularly fond of the globe, declaring:

“ Hitler probably didn't think anything about the globe. There's no picture of Hitler beside the globe. He controlled all photographs of himself. If the globe had actually meant anything special to Hitler, there would surely be a photograph.[1] ”

In 1938, Hitler decided that the old Reich Chancellery was not big enough to house the ministries of the Third Reich. He assigned his favorite architect Albert Speer to build the new Chancellery.[2] After the massive renovations were completed in early 1939 per Hitler's insistence, the globe was moved to the Führer's new office located at the heart of the new Chancellery, where it remained until the Soviets occupied the building in April 1945.[2]

Whereabouts

Numerous globes purported to have been owned by Hitler exist throughout the world, although the authenticity of many of them is doubtful.[1] There are a total of three in Berlin, one at a geographical institute, another at the Marcher Museum, and the third at the German Historical Museum.[1] Another two reside in public collections in Munich.[1] Many of the globes show Germany with a bullet hole or simply wiped out, an act committed out of contempt by either Soviet or American soldiers.[3]

The Columbus Globe for State and Industry Leaders being parodied in The Great Dictator

Based on photographic evidence, none of these globes are the iconic one from Hitler's office in the Chancellery.[1]

In May 1945, one globe allegedly owned by Hitler was found by American soldier John Barsamia among the ruins of the Kehlsteinhaus ("Eagle's Nest"), a personal retreat near the Bavarian Alps used by Hitler on several occasions before the war. The complex had been nearly completely looted by the time Barsamia arrived. He took the globe home and kept it for 60 years before selling it at an auction in San Francisco in 2007. Bob Pritikin, an entrepreneur from San Francisco, bought the globe for $100,000, five times the original estimated price of $20,000.[4][5]

Legacy

The globe is regarded as an iconic representation of Adolf Hitler's megalomaniacal desire for world conquest.[1] Chronologically, in The Three Stooges' January 1940-released short subject You Nazty Spy! — the first-ever Hollywood parody of Hitler and the Nazis[6] — followed by the October 1940 release of British comedian Charlie Chaplin's parody film The Great Dictator, both the Stooges and Chaplin parodied the globe separately in their works.[1] In the Stooges' July 1941-released sequel to their 1940 short subject, named I'll Never Heil Again, the globe is once again the focus of parody. In Chaplin's 1940 film, the globe is portrayed as a beach ball that bursts in front of the face of dictator "Adenoid Hynkel".[1] Similarly, in I'll Never Heil Again, the "Axel" partners of Moronikan dictator "Moe Hailstone" play a game of "keep-away" with the globe. Hailstone's military commander, "Field Marshal Herring", eventually smashes the globe over Hailstone's head.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Kimmelman 2007.
  2. 1 2 BBC 2015.
  3. ↑ de Quetteville 2007.
  4. ↑ The Daily Mail 2007.
  5. ↑ Rubenstein 2007.
  6. ↑ You Nazty Spy! at threestooges.net

Sources

External links

The Great Dictator – Globe Scene on YouTube

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