Churu

This article is about the municipality in Rajasthan, India. For its namesake district, see Churu district. For the mountain in Bolivia, see Churu (Bolivia). For the village in Iran, see Churu, Iran. For the cheese, see Churu (cheese).
Churu
चूरु
Churu
Churu

Location in Rajasthan, India

Coordinates: 28°18′N 74°57′E / 28.30°N 74.95°E / 28.30; 74.95Coordinates: 28°18′N 74°57′E / 28.30°N 74.95°E / 28.30; 74.95
Country  India
State Rajasthan
District Churu
Founded by In 1620 by Jat Chiefteian Churru
Government
 • Type Federal Republic
 • Body Government of India
 • Member of Parliament Rahul Kaswan
 • Member of legislative assembly Rajendra Singh Rathore
Elevation 292 m (958 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 119,846
Languages
 • Official Hindi and Rajasthani
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 331001
Telephone code 01562
Vehicle registration RJ-10
Website www.churu.nic.in
Famous for temples, Havelies, Sand Dunes, Forest reserve

Churu (Rajasthani: चूरु) is a city in the desert region of Rajasthan state of India. It is known as gateway to the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. It is the administrative headquarters of Churu District. It lies in the Thar Desert on the National Highway-65 connecting Pali to Ambala and is a junction station on the railway line to Bikaner. It is near the shifting sand dunes of the Thar Desert and has grand havelis with marvelous fresco paintings, namely Kanhaiya lal Bagla ki Haweli and Surana Haweli, with hundreds of small windows. It also has some fine Chhatris. Near the town is a religious seat of the Nath sect of Sadhus where there are life-size Marble statue of their deities and a place for prayers. There stands a Dharam Stup, a symbol of religious equality. At the centre of the town is a fort built about 400 years ago.

History

Founded in A.D. 1620 by Chuharu Jat at Nirban Clan of Rajputs[1] and the place was named Churu after Choru Jat's name in the Jangladesh region of the state. It was subsequently ruled by Rathore Rajputs and during war of 1871 the area came under dominance of Bikaner. Churu, like an oasis, situated in the middle of the shifting golden sand dunes, opens the gate to the great desert of Thar. Geographically, it lies in 28°18′N latitude and 74°58′E longitude. Administratively, it is the headquarters of the Churu District., The temples of Salasar Balaji & Babosa Maharaj Churu, DADREWA the birthplace of GOGA JI and Baba Phoolnath Temple NAWA are situated in the Churu district.

Before India's independence in 1947, it was a part of Bikaner State. The district came into existence in 1948 comprising three tehsils Churu, Rajgarh and Taranagar when the administration of Bikaner State was reorganized.

A view of the desert near Churu, Rajasthan,India

Now there are six tehsil, Comprising Churu, Sadulpur, Ratangarh, Sujangarh, Sardarsahar and Taranagar.

Economy

The economy of the town and surrounding area is mainly based on agriculture and animal husbandry. The oilseeds, especially mustard seed, is the predominant crop in recently developed small, well-irrigated fields. Wheat, kharif pulses, bajra (pearl millet), and gwar are other produces.

Churu is the main mandi (market) for agricultural produce of the area. The town has a Krishi Upaj Mandi Samiti (Agricultural Produce Market Committee) . The Food Corporation of India has its warehouses in Churu. The town is the main supply point for surrounding villages.

There is no large or medium size industry in the industrial area. The main small-scale industries are granite slabs and tiles, cutting and polishing, and mustard seed crushing. The city is organized around the main area of the city name Kalera Bass surrounding areas of Chandani Chowk, Adarsh Nagar, Balmiki Basti, Mochiwarah, Vanvihar Colony, Naya Bass, Subhash Chowk, Nai Sarak, white clock tower, dharma stupa etc.

Geography and Climate

Churu is located at 28°18′N 74°57′E / 28.30°N 74.95°E / 28.30; 74.95.[2] It has an average elevation of 292 m (958 ft).

Churu is a district with an enchanting topography amidst the Thar Desert. The Churu City is encircled by large shifting sand dunes. The area is scanty in vegetation. Phoge and Kair bushes and Khejri/Khejra (Prosopis cineraria), Royara and Babul trees are to be mainly found on the sand dunes. In the towns Neem and Peepal and Siras trees can also be noticed. One can find Sand dunes all over the area with a couple of small limestone hills.

The region boasts record temperatures ranging from below freezing point in the winters to over 55 degrees in the summer afternoons. Before dawn in the months of December/ January one may not be surprised to notice ice in small waterpots or frozen water dews on the little vegetation. Yet one may find that summer nights are cooler and winter days are warmer. There is a great variation in minimum and the maximum temperature of Churu.

Climate data for Churu
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 22.9
(73.2)		 25.6
(78.1)		 31.9
(89.4)		 38.4
(101.1)		 41.7
(107.1)		 41.2
(106.2)		 37.2
(99)		 36.3
(97.3)		 36.6
(97.9)		 35.4
(95.7)		 30.6
(87.1)		 24.8
(76.6)		 33.6
(92.5)
Average low °C (°F) 4.6
(40.3)		 7.7
(45.9)		 13.6
(56.5)		 20.1
(68.2)		 25.1
(77.2)		 27.5
(81.5)		 27.0
(80.6)		 25.7
(78.3)		 23.6
(74.5)		 17.4
(63.3)		 10.5
(50.9)		 5.3
(41.5)		 17.3
(63.1)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 8.1
(0.319)		 10.1
(0.398)		 8.5
(0.335)		 8.5
(0.335)		 22.7
(0.894)		 54.3
(2.138)		 153.4
(6.039)		 86.8
(3.417)		 45.6
(1.795)		 5.7
(0.224)		 2.6
(0.102)		 2.0
(0.079)		 408.3
(16.075)
Source: India Meteorological Department[3]

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[4] Churu had a population of 97,627. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Churu has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72% and, female literacy is 51%. In Churu, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.

As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Churu in 2011 is 119,846; of which male and female are 61,771 and 58,075 respectively. Although Churu city has population of 119,846; its urban / metropolitan population is 120,147 of which 61,936 are males and 58,211 are females.[5]

Infrastructure

Transport Churu is a junction station on Delhi-Rewari-Bikaner broad Gauge railway line and also connected to Jaipur via Sikar. The railway track to Jaipur are meter gauge and is being converted to broad gauge. Churu lies on NH 65 and is connected to all major cities by all-weather roads.

Electricity

There is one sub grid station of 220 KV at Churu itself. The town receives power from Power Grid Corporation of India's grid station in Hissar, Haryana. Almost all villages of the Churu sub division are electrified.

Water

The town gets drinking water from local wells which is hard and brackish. The town area drinking water supply is managed by water dept. of Government of Rajasthan. The Government is trying to get drinking water for the area from Indira Canal. The main source of irrigation for farmers continues to be rain water and wells at a few places.

Safe Water Network India in association with Bhoruka Charitable Trust has augmented natural water storage at homes through Rooftop Rain Water Harvesting by creating household kunds (970) and has also refurbished existing community kunds (40) to provide water to families living in huts and children in schools. This initiative has reduced the drudgery of women and the girl child in this water-challenged region of Rajasthan.

Education

The town has a post-graduate college (Lohia College) affiliated to University of Bikaner, Balika Mahavidalya and Government Law College, also affiliated to Maharaja Ganga Singh University. There are several higher secondary, secondary and primary schools in Churu.

Major schools of Churu are: Kendriya Vidyalaya , Shri Jain Swetambar Terapanthi Sen Sec School, The Walden Pond Sr. Sec. School, Lakshmipat Singhania Academy, Adarsh Vidya Mandir, Montesory School, Goenka School and Bagla senior secondary school the oldest of Shekhawati region by Bhagwandas Bagla.BRJD Public School Nyangal[BHORUGRAM] Rajgarh is also famous school managed by Bhoruka trust.

NGOs

There are a few NGOs in the town. Navyuvak Mandal Mithi Redu, Manav Pragati Sansthan, rihai, Prayas Sansthan, Marudhar Yuva Sansthan, Dudhwa Mitha etc. is famous NGOs.

Telecommunications

All the basic phone and cellphone service provider companies like BSNL, Vodafone, Airtel, TATA and Idea have their network in Churu. Internet and fax services are available. Tata teleservices cater the rural telephony in the villages having base of 70 k rural ph in villages

Hospitals

Churu has good medical facilities. The town has a government hospital(bharatiya) which has very good medical facilities and a few private hospitals like the Hirawat Heart Care Center and Bhanu Hospital. There is an Ayurvedic hospital too.

Sports

The town has a sports stadium. It has indoor and outdoor games facilities. The yearly state-level tournaments can be held here. Adventure sports like Parasailing, Paramotoring, Rappelling are also conducted in Churu by Youth Adventure Sports Institute.

Banking

Many nationalised banks State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda, Rajasthan Bank, State Bank of India, ICICI, HDFC and some other banks have branches here. Some co-operative banks (Churu Central Cooperative Bank and Bhumi Vikas Bank) also have branches in the town.

Library

The town has a public library managed by the government named Shri Sagar Jain Jila Pustkalaya.

Administration

Churu constituency elects one member to the Vidhan Sabha (Rajasthan State Assembly) & one to Lok Sabha (Indian Parliament)

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ "History".
  2. ↑ "Maps, Weather, Videos, and Airports for Churu, India".
  3. ↑ "Monthly mean maximum & minimum temperature and total rainfall based upon 1971–2000 data". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
  4. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  5. ↑ "Churu City Population Census 2011 - Rajasthan".


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