Charlotte (horse)

Charlotte
Sire	Orville
Grandsire	Beningbrough
Dam	Sophia
Damsire	Buzzard
Sex	Mare
Foaled	1811
Country	United Kingdom
Colour	Bay
Breeder	Christopher Wilson
Owner	Christopher Wilson
Trainer	Thomas Perren
Record	5:2-3-0
Earnings	£1,155
Major wins
1000 Guineas (1814) Stamford Gold Cup (1815)

Charlotte (1811 – after 1828) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won the inaugural running of the classic 1000 Guineas at Newmarket Racecourse in 1814. The Guineas was Charlotte's only race as a three-year-old but she returned to run four times in 1814. She won a Gold Cup at Stamford but was retired after being injured in a race at the same course a day later.

Background

Charlotte was a bay mare bred by her owner Christopher Wilson of Tadcaster. She sired by Orville, a successful staying racehorse who excelled over extreme distances. At stud he was Champion sire in 1817 and 1822 and sired the Classic winners Octavius (Derby), Emilius (Derby), Zoe (1000 Guineas) and Ebor (St Leger).^[1] Charlotte's dam Sophia was a half-sister of Champion, a colt who won both the Derby and St Leger for Wilson in 1800. At stud, Sophia also produced Miss Sophia, who in turn produced the Derby winner Mameluke.^[2]

Racing career

1814: three-year-old season

In the spring of 1814 a new race for three-year-old fillies was instituted at Newmarket racecourse. The race was named The 1,000gs Stakes, either in imitation of the 2000 Guineas, a race for both colts and fillies instituted in 1809, or because the race attracted ten entries at 100 guineas each. Five fillies appeared to contest the race over the Ditch Mile on 28 April with the previously unraced Charlotte being made favourite at odds of 11/5. She won the race beating the Duke of Grafton's filly Vestal, with the Duke of Rutland's Medora in third.^[3] A month later, Medora won the Oaks Stakes at Epsom. The 1000 Guineas was Charlotte's only recorded race in 1814.

1815: four-year-old season

Almost a year after her last run, Charlotte reappeared at the Newmarket First Spring meeting in April 1815. She started the outsider of three runners in the two-mile Claret Stakes for four-year-olds and finished second to Lord George Cavendish's colt Bourbon.^[4] At the Second Spring meeting two weeks later Charlotte ran a ten furlong match race against Mr Villiers' five-year-old Don Cossac. Charlotte was beaten by her older rival, despite carrying eighteen pounds less weight.^[5]

In July, Charlotte was campaigned away from Newmarket for the first time as she contested two races at Stamford in Lincolnshire. On 5 July she won the Stamford Gold Cup over four miles, beating Colonel King's colt Kingston and three others for a prize of 100 guineas.^[6] On the following day Charlotte ran in a Sweepstakes in which she finished second of the three runners. The filly broke down injured in the race and did not race again.^[7]

Stud record

Charlotte was retired from racing to become a broodmare at Ledston Hall Farm near Ferrybridge in Yorkshire and was covered in her first season at stud by Smolensko but did not produce a foal.^[8] She produced six colts and two fillies from 1818 to 1828. Her last recorded foal was delivered in 1828 and she was designated as "dead" in the third volume of the General Stud Book.^[9]

Pedigree

Pedigree of Charlotte (GB), bay mare, 1811^[10]
Sire Orville (GB) 1799	Beningbrough 1791	King Fergus	Eclipse
		King Fergus	Creeping Polly
		Fenwick's Herod mare	Herod*
		Fenwick's Herod mare	Pyrrha
	Evelina 1791	Highflyer	Herod*
		Highflyer	Rachel
		Termagant	Tantrum
		Termagant	Cantatrice
Dam Sophia (GB) 1810	Buzzard 1787	Woodpecker	Herod
		Woodpecker	Miss Ramsden
		Misfortune	Dux
		Misfortune	Curiosity
	Huncamunca 1787	Highflyer	Herod
		Highflyer	Rachel
		Cypher	Squirrel
		Cypher	Regulus mare (Family:3-b)^[2]

References

↑ Patricia Erigero Thoroughbred Heritage. "Orville". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
1 2 "Thoroughbred Bloodlines - Cypher - Family 3-b". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Edward and James Weatherby (1815). "Racing calendar. 1814". C H Reynell. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 18. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 27. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 65. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Edward and James Weatherby (1816). Racing calendar. 1815. C H Reynell. p. 66. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Edward and James Weatherby (1817). Racing calendar. 1816. C H Reynell. p. 438. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
↑ Weatherby (1855). "Charlotte". The General Stud Book. 3: 40.
↑ "Charlotte pedigree". equineline.com. 2012-05-08. Retrieved 2012-11-04.

1000 Guineas winners

1814 Charlotte 1815 Filly by Selim 1816 Rhoda 1817 Neva 1818 Corinne 1819 Catgut 1820 Rowena 1821 Zeal 1822 Whizgig 1823 Zinc 1824 Cobweb 1825 Tontine 1826 Problem 1827 Arab 1828 Zoe 1829 Young Mouse 1830 Charlotte West 1831 Galantine 1832 Galata 1833 Tarantella 1834 May-day 1835 Preserve 1836 Destiny 1837 Chapeau d'Espagne 1838 Barcarolle 1839 Cara 1840 Crucifix ‡ 1841 Potentia 1842 Firebrand 1843 Extempore 1844 Sorella 1845 Pic-nic 1846 Mendicant 1847 Clementine 1848 Canezou 1849 The Flea 1850 Lady Orford 1851 Aphrodite 1852 Kate 1853 Mentmore Lass 1854 Virago 1855 Habena 1856 Manganese 1857 Imperieuse 1858 Governess 1859 Mayonaise 1860 Sagitta 1861 Nemesis 1862 Hurricane 1863 Lady Augusta 1864 Tomato 1865 Siberia 1866 Repulse 1867 Achievement 1868 Formosa ₩ ‡ 1869 Scottish Queen 1870 Hester 1871 Hannah ₩ 1872 Reine 1873 Cecilia 1874 Apology ₩ 1875 Spinaway 1876 Camelia 1877 Belphoebe 1878 Pilgrimage 1879 Wheel of Fortune 1880 Elizabeth 1881 Thebais 1882 St Marguerite 1883 Hauteur 1884 Busybody 1885 Farewell 1886 Miss Jummy 1887 Reve d'Or 1888 Briarroot 1889 Minthe 1890 Semolina 1891 Mimi 1892 La Fleche ₩ 1893 Siffleuse 1894 Amiable 1895 Galeottia 1896 Thais 1897 Chelandry 1898 Nun Nicer 1899 Sibola 1900 Winifreda 1901 Aida 1902 Sceptre ₩ ‡ 1903 Quintessence 1904 Pretty Polly ₩ 1905 Cherry Lass 1906 Flair 1907 Witch Elm 1908 Rhodora 1909 Electra 1910 Winkipop 1911 Atmah 1912 Tagalie 1913 Jest 1914 Princess Dorrie 1915 Vaucluse 1916 Canyon 1917 Diadem 1918 Ferry 1919 Roseway 1920 Cinna 1921 Bettina 1922 Silver Urn 1923 Tranquil 1924 Plack 1925 Saucy Sue 1926 Pillion 1927 Cresta Run 1928 Scuttle 1929 Taj Mah 1930 Fair Isle 1931 Four Course 1932 Kandy 1933 Brown Betty 1934 Campanula 1935 Mesa 1936 Tide-way 1937 Exhibitionnist 1938 Rockfel 1939 Galatea II 1940 Godiva 1941 Dancing Time 1942 Sun Chariot ₩ 1943 Herringbone 1944 Picture Play 1945 Sun Stream 1946 Hypericum 1947 Imprudence 1948 Queenpot 1949 Musidora 1950 Camaree 1951 Belle of All 1952 Zabara 1953 Happy Laughter 1954 Festoon 1955 Meld ₩ 1956 Honeylight 1957 Rose Royale 1958 Bella Paola 1959 Petite Etoile 1960 Never Too Late 1961 Sweet Solera 1962 Abermaid 1963 Hula Dancer 1964 Pourparler 1965 Night Off 1966 Glad Rags 1967 Fleet 1968 Caergwrle 1969 Full Dress 1970 Humble Duty 1971 Altesse Royale 1972 Waterloo 1973 Mysterious 1974 Highclere 1975 Nocturnal Spree 1976 Flying Water 1977 Mrs McArdy 1978 Enstone Spark 1979 One in a Million 1980 Quick As Lightning 1981 Fairy Footsteps 1982 On The House 1983 Ma Biche 1984 Pebbles 1985 Oh So Sharp ₩ 1986 Midway Lady 1987 Miesque 1988 Ravinella 1989 Musical Bliss 1990 Salsabil 1991 Shadayid 1992 Hatoof 1993 Sayyedati 1994 Las Meninas 1995 Harayir 1996 Bosra Sham 1997 Sleepytime 1998 Cape Verdi 1999 Wince 2000 Lahan 2001 Ameerat 2002 Kazzia 2003 Russian Rhythm 2004 Attraction 2005 Virginia Waters 2006 Speciosa 2007 Finsceal Beo 2008 Natagora 2009 Ghanaati 2010 Special Duty 2011 Blue Bunting 2012 Homecoming Queen 2013 Sky Lantern 2014 Miss France 2015 Legatissimo 2016 Minding

Legend - ₩ = Fillies Triple Crown winners, † = Epsom Derby winners, ‡ = 2000 Guineas Stakes winners

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