Catalan Republic
| Catalan Republic / Catalan State | ||||||
| República Catalana / Estat Català | ||||||
| ||||||
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| Anthem Els Segadors (Catalan) "The Reapers" | ||||||
 Map of Europe with the Catalan Republic (c. 1641) by Willem Blaeu. | ||||||
| Capital | Barcelona | |||||
| Languages | Catalan | |||||
| Government | Republic | |||||
| President | ||||||
| • | 1641 | Pau Claris i Casademunt | ||||
| • | 1873 | Baldomer Lostau i Prats | ||||
| • | 1931 | Francesc Macià i Llussà | ||||
| • | 1934 | Lluís Companys i Jover | ||||
| Legislature | General Estates (1641) Parliament (1934) | |||||
| History | ||||||
| • | Proclaimed (most recently) | October 6, 1934 | ||||
| • | Disestablished (most recently) | October 7, 1934 | ||||
| Today part of |  France Spain∟  Catalonia | |||||
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The Catalan Republic (Catalan: República Catalana, IPA: [rəˈpubːlikə kətəˈlanə]) is one of the terms adopted by Catalonia when it declares itself as a sovereign political subject. The constitution of a Catalan State is currently the aim of a broad-based grassroots movement for Catalan independence.
A Catalan Republic, also known as the Catalan State (Estat Català, IPA: [əsˈtat kətəˈla]), was a state has so far been proclaimed four times:
- In 1641, by Pau Claris.
- In 1873, by Baldomer Lostau[1] as the "Catalan State".
- In 1931, by Francesc Macià as the "Catalan Republic within the Iberian Federation".[2]
- In 1934, by Lluís Companys as the "Catalan State within the Spanish Federal Republic".
Of these four proclamations, the first (1641) was performed with the objective to establish the complete independence and the rest (1873, 1931 and 1934) to establish the sovereignty and the state character of Catalonia inside an Iberian or Spanish Federal Republic.
In November 2015, the Catalan parliament adopted a declaration of intent to form a new independent republic no later than 2017.[3]
Junctures of independence or segregation from Spain or France
- 988: The count of Barcelona Borrell II denies the vassalage of the Catalan counties to the French king Hugh Capet.[4]
- 1641: The General Estates ("Braços Generals") presided by the head of the Deputation of the General of Catalonia Pau Claris, proclaimed the Catalan Republic on January 17.
- 1641-1652: On January 23, 1641, the "Braços Generals" presided by Pau Claris proclaimed Louis XIII of France as count of Barcelona, putting the Principality of Catalonia under French sovereignty. When Louis XIII died, in 1643, Louis XIV (the Sun King) relieved him until 1652, when it was reincorpored in the Spanish Monarchy.
- 1712: Proposal of creation of a Catalan Republic under the protection of the United Kingdom.[5]
- 1793: During the War of the Pyrenees between Spain and the First French Republic, some French leaders proposed the creation of a Catalan Republic twinned with France, as the other Sister Republics created with the breakthrough of the French revolutionary army.
- 1810-1812: Napoleon I makes Catalonia independent under French control.
- 1812-1814: Catalonia is annexed to France by Napoleon.
- 1873: The Catalan State is proclaimed by the Provincial Deputation of Barcelona.
- 14–17 April 1931: Francesc Macià proclamims the Catalan Republic inside the Iberian Federation.
- 6 October 1934: The President of the Generalitat of Catalonia, Lluís Companys, proclaims the Catalan State of the Spanish Federal Republic.
Gallery
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Pau Claris i Casademunt, head of the Generalitat that proclaimed the first Catalan Republic in 1641, according with the General Estates of Catalonia.
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Francesc Macià i Llussà, Catalan independentist and republican leader that proclaimed the Catalan Republic in 1931.
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Lluís Companys, President of the Generalitat that proclaimed the last Catalan State in 1934.
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Bank note from the Generalitat de Catalunya, 1936.
See also
- Catalonia
- Catalan independence
- Tortosa Pact
- Declaration of the Initiation of the Process of Independence of Catalonia
References
- ↑ Biografía de Estanislao Figueras y Moragas en Biografías y Vidas
- ↑ Spain: Macià's Catalonia, Time, Jun 20, 1932.
- ↑ Joseph Wilson (2015-11-09). "Catalan lawmakers approve plan for secession from Spain". Associated Press. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ Borrell II de Barcelona, enciclopèdia.cat, 04-09-2013
- ↑ Catalans' Case, enciclopèdia.cat, 03-01-2014
