Caroline Mikkelsen
| Caroline Mikkelsen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 1906 |
| Died | Late 1990s |
| Nationality | Denmark |
| Known for | First woman on an Antarctic island |
Caroline Mikkelsen (1906 – late 1990s) was born in Denmark and in 1935 was the first woman to set foot on Antarctica,[1] although whether this was on the mainland or an island is a matter of dispute.
Antarctic exploration
In the winter of 1934-1935, Mikkelsen accompanied her Norwegian husband, Captain Klarius Mikkelsen, on an Antarctic expedition sponsored by Lars Christensen, on the resupply vessel Thorshavn, with instructions to look for Antarctic lands that could be annexed for Norway.[2][3] Mount Caroline Mikkelsen is named for her.[4]
On 20 February 1935, the expedition made landfall somewhere on the Antarctic continental shelf.[5] Mikkelsen left the ship and participated in raising the Norwegian flag and in building a memorial cairn.[6] Mikkelsen never made any recorded claims to have landed on the mainland, but was initially thought to have landed on the Vestfold Hills not far from the present Davis Station.[1] She did not publicly speak about her Antarctic voyage until sixty years after her landing in 1995 when she spoke about her journey to the Norwegian newspaper Aftenposten having been contacted by Davis Station Leader Diane Patterson.[7]
In 1998 and 2002, Australian researchers published historical articles in the Polar Record concluding that the landing party from the Thorshavn—and thus Mikkelsen—landed on the Tryne Islands where a marker at Mikkelsen's Cairn can still be seen today).[8][9][10][11] The landing site is a approximately five kilometres from the Antarctic mainland. No alternative mainland landing site for the Mikkelsen party has been discovered, in spite of years of searching by Davis Station workers.[12][13] Consequently, Mikkelsen is regarded as the first woman to set foot on an Antarctic island, and Ingrid Christensen, the first to stand on the Antarctic mainland.
References
- 1 2 "Women in Antarctica: Sharing this Life-Changing Experience", transcript of speech by Robin Burns, given at the 4th Annual Phillip Law Lecture; Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; 18 June 2005. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
- ↑ "Famous firsts Long list of accomplishments by women in Antarctica". The Antarctic Sun. 13 November 2009.
- ↑ Blackadder, Jesse (2015). "Frozen voices: Women, silence and Antarctica" (PDF). ANU Press.
- ↑ "Antarctic Gazetteer". Antarctic Gazetteer. Australian Antarctic Data Centre. Retrieved 2012-03-03.
- ↑ Dean, Cornelia (10 November 1998). "After a Struggle, Women Win A Place 'on the Ice'; In Labs and in the Field, a New Outlook". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-02-03.
- ↑ ANNEX B MEASURES Measure I (1996) Revised Description and Management Plan for Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), by the Antarctic Treaty System; archived at the University of Canterbury; published 1996; retrieved 20 April 2014
- ↑ "Abenteurerin: Der eisige Tag der Caroline Mikkelsen" [Adventurer: The icy day of Caroline Mikkelsen]. fr-online.de (in German). Frankfurter Rundshau. 2015-02-19. Retrieved 2016-07-10.
- ↑ "HSM-72". ats.aq. Area Protection and Management. Retrieved 2016-07-10.
- ↑ "List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)" (PDF). Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
- ↑ Klarius Mikkelsen's 1935 landing in the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica: some fiction and some facts , in the Polar Record, Volume 34 / Issue 191 / October 1998, pp 293-304, from Cambridge University Press
- ↑ Norman, F.I.; Gibson, J.A.E.; Jones, R.T.; Burgess, J.S. (2002-10-01). "Klarius Mikkelsen's landing site: some further notes on the 1935 Norwegian visit to the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica". Polar Record. 38 (207): 323–328. doi:10.1017/S0032247400018015. ISSN 1475-3057.
- ↑ Jesse, Blackadder (2013). "Illuminations : casting light upon the earliest female travellers to Antarctica": 59–60.
- ↑ Crary, M (1978). "It's about time!". Newsletter of the Antarctican Society (3–7).