Camarines Norte

Camarines Norte
Province
Province of Camarines Norte

Flag
Seal

Location in the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°10′N 122°45′E / 14.17°N 122.75°E / 14.17; 122.75Coordinates: 14°10′N 122°45′E / 14.17°N 122.75°E / 14.17; 122.75
Country Philippines
Region Bicol Region (Region V)
Founded 1829
Capital Daet
Government
 • Type Sangguniang Panlalawigan
 • Governor Jonah Pimentel (NPC)
 • Vice Governor Michael "Mike" Canlas (LP)
Area[1]
 • Total 2,320.07 km2 (895.78 sq mi)
Area rank 55th out of 81
Population (2015 census)[2]
 • Total 583,313
 • Rank 51st out of 81
 • Density 250/km2 (650/sq mi)
 • Density rank 36th out of 81
Divisions
 • Independent cities 0
 • Component cities 0
 • Municipalities
 • Barangays 282
 • Districts 1st and 2nd Districts of Camarines Norte
Time zone PST (UTC+8)
ZIP Code 4600–4612
IDD : area code  +63 (0)54
ISO 3166 code PH-CAN
Spoken languages
Website www.camarinesnorte.gov.ph

Camarines Norte (Central Bikol: Amihanan na Camarines; Filipino: Hilagang Camarines) is a province located in the Bicol region in Luzon of the Philippines. Its capital is Daet. The province borders Quezon to the west, Camarines Sur to the south, and the Philippine Sea to the north.

History

In 1573, Bicol province was founded. From Bicol, the province of Camarines was created in 1636, which was divided in 1829, creating Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur. They were briefly merged from 1854 to 1857 into Ambos Camarines (ambos is Spanish for "both"). They were merged into Ambos Camarines once again in 1893. The province was divided into Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur once again in 1917.

When Camarines Norte was separated from Ambos Camarines in 1829, it was assigned the towns of Daet, as capital, Talisay, Indan (now Vinzons), Labo, Paracale, Mambulao (now Jose Panganiban), Capalonga, Ragay, Lupi and Sipocot.

Seventeen years later, it lost Sipocot, Lupi and Ragay to Camarines Sur in exchange for the town of Siruma.

Spanish period

Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo, dispatched by Legazpi to explore the island in 1571, influenced the existence of Camarines Norte. After subduing Taytay and Cainta, he marched further across Laguna and Tayabas.

He visited the rich gold-laden town of Mambulao and Paracale, obsessed by them about which he heard from natives there of existing gold mines.

When Francisco de Sande took over from Legazpi as Governor General, Spanish influence started to be felt in the region. He established a permanent Spanish garrison in Naga to control the region and defend it from Chinese and Muslim pirates. Capt. Pedro de Chavez was assigned to head this force.

Native settlements, which include Mambulao and Paracale, were already thriving when the Spaniards arrived. Indan and Daet were the other settlements besides Capalonga. But Paracale remained the most sought after because of its gold mines.

The towns were chiefly inhabited by Tagalogs; the rests were of Visayan strain. However, most of the immigrants were from Mauban, Quezon. The Spanish missionaries established missions to Christianize the natives.

Daet Revolt

April 14–17, 1898 - Local members of the Katipunan led by Ildefonso Moreno and other patriots staged an uprising against the Spanish authorities here who have fortified themselves in the house of one Florencio Arana, a Spanish merchant and a long time resident of Daet. Sporadic encounters started on April 14 until April 16 when the rebels occupied Daet and surrounded the Spaniards in the house of Arana. But the Katipuneros failed to repulse the reinforcements which arrived in Barra (now Mercedes) from Nueva Caceres on April 17. Said reinforcements broke the siege of Daet. This resulted in the death and/or execution of many patriots, including Ildefonso Moreno, Tomas Zaldua and his two sons, Jose Abaño, Domingo Lozada and Aniceto Gregorio, among others. While the Daet revolt collapsed, it signaled the start of a series of rebellion throughout the Bicol region.

By virtue of Act 2809 of March 3, 1919, Governor General F. B. Harrison separated Camarines Norte from Camarines Sur with the installation of Don Miguel R. Lukban as its first governor. "In functional sense, April 15, 1920, was the date of the organization of Camarines Norte, as directed by Executive Order No. 22 dated March 20, 1920, in conformity with the provisions of Act No. 2809," according to Serafin D. Quiason, former chairman of the National Historical Institute (NHI).

First guerrilla encounter

The first guerrilla encounter in the Philippines during the second world war in the Pacific occurred on December 18, 1941 – 11 days after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941 and 10 days after the attack on Clark Airbase in Pampanga on Dec. 8, 1941 - at Laniton, Basud, Camarines Norte when the Vinzons guerrilla group with some elements of USAFFE units engaged the vanguard of the Japanese Imperial Army advancing towards Daet, the capital town. A shrine was put up in Laniton to mark this historic feat of arms while surviving veterans and the sons and daughters of veterans who fell commemorate this event every Dec. 18 in Basud and Daet under the auspices of the Veterans Federation of the Philippines – Camarines Norte Chapter (VFP-CN), Basud Municipal Government and the Provincial Government.

Japanese Occupation and Liberation

The established general headquarters and military camps and bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army that was active during January 3, 1942 to June 30, 1946 and the Philippine Constabulary that was active during October 28, 1944 to June 30, 1946 was stationed in Camarines Norte and started the local military operations around the province with the aid of the Bicolano guerrilla fighters and U.S. liberation forces against the Imperial Japanese troops. The present local Filipino soldiers and military officers of the Commonwealth Army and Constabulary helped the Bicolano freedom fighters during the preparation for the counter attacks against the occupation of the Japanese Imperial forces that started their siege from 1942 to 1944 and 1945. With the aftermath of the almost 3 year siege, the Bicolano guerrillas retreated away from the Japanese military's hands. The U.S. liberation forces returned to the county and liberated the province on 1945 with the help of the local Filipino troops and Bicolano guerrillas that was preparing to attack the Japanese Imperial forces. It ended in World War II.

Geography

Camarines Norte covers a total area of 2,320.07 square kilometres (895.78 sq mi)[1] occupying the northwestern coast of the Bicol Peninsula in the southeastern section of Luzon.

One of the six provinces comprising Region V (Bicol), it is bounded on the northeast by the Philippine Sea, east by the San Miguel Bay, west by the Lamon Bay, southwest by Quezon province, and southeast by Camarines Sur.

Its capital town, Daet, is 342 kilometres (213 mi) southeast of Metro Manila, an 8 to 10 hour drive by bus, 6 to 7 hour by private car or a 45-minute trip by plane.

Climate

Climate data for Camarines Norte
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 28.6
(83.5)		 29
(84)		 30
(86)		 31.7
(89.1)		 32.4
(90.3)		 32.6
(90.7)		 32
(90)		 31.8
(89.2)		 31.8
(89.2)		 30.7
(87.3)		 30.1
(86.2)		 28.9
(84)		 30.8
(87.46)
Average low °C (°F) 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24.6
(76.3)		 25.6
(78.1)		 25.7
(78.3)		 25.4
(77.7)		 25.3
(77.5)		 25.2
(77.4)		 24.9
(76.8)		 24.9
(76.8)		 25.2
(77.4)		 24.8
(76.6)		 24.97
(76.91)
Average rainy days 20 14 13 9 11 16 16 15 17 21 24 23 199
Source: Storm247[3]

Administrative divisions

Camarines Norte is subdivided into two legislative districts comprising a total of 12 municipalities.

 †  Provincial capital

Municipality District[1] Population ±% p.a. Area[1] Density Brgy. Coordinates[A]
(2015)[2] (2010)[4] km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
Basud 2nd 7.0% 41,017 38,176 1.38% 260.28 100.49 160 410 29 14°03′57″N 122°57′46″E / 14.0658°N 122.9629°E / 14.0658; 122.9629 (Basud)
Capalonga 1st 5.5% 32,215 31,299 0.55% 290.00 111.97 110 280 22 14°19′54″N 122°29′38″E / 14.3317°N 122.4938°E / 14.3317; 122.4938 (Capalonga)
Daet † 2nd 18.0% 104,799 95,572 1.77% 46.00 17.76 2,300 6,000 25 14°06′48″N 122°57′21″E / 14.1132°N 122.9559°E / 14.1132; 122.9559 (Daet)
Jose Panganiban 1st 10.2% 59,639 55,557 1.36% 214.44 82.80 280 730 27 14°17′23″N 122°41′30″E / 14.2898°N 122.6917°E / 14.2898; 122.6917 (Jose Panganiban)
Labo 1st 17.3% 101,082 92,041 1.80% 589.36 227.55 170 440 52 14°09′20″N 122°49′51″E / 14.1555°N 122.8309°E / 14.1555; 122.8309 (Labo)
Mercedes 2nd 8.7% 50,841 47,674 1.23% 173.69 67.06 290 750 26 14°06′34″N 123°00′33″E / 14.1094°N 123.0093°E / 14.1094; 123.0093 (Mercedes)
Paracale 1st 10.1% 59,149 53,243 2.02% 197.90 76.41 300 780 27 14°16′49″N 122°47′17″E / 14.2803°N 122.7880°E / 14.2803; 122.7880 (Paracale)
San Lorenzo Ruiz 2nd 2.4% 14,063 12,592 2.13% 119.37 46.09 120 310 12 14°02′12″N 122°52′05″E / 14.0368°N 122.8681°E / 14.0368; 122.8681 (San Lorenzo Ruiz)
San Vicente 2nd 1.8% 10,396 10,114 0.52% 57.49 22.20 180 470 9 14°06′23″N 122°52′23″E / 14.1064°N 122.8731°E / 14.1064; 122.8731 (San Vicente)
Santa Elena 1st 7.0% 40,786 40,828 −0.02% 199.35 76.97 200 520 19 14°11′06″N 122°23′38″E / 14.1851°N 122.3938°E / 14.1851; 122.3938 (Santa Elena)
Talisay 2nd 4.4% 25,841 23,904 1.49% 30.76 11.88 840 2,200 15 14°08′14″N 122°55′32″E / 14.1371°N 122.9256°E / 14.1371; 122.9256 (Talisay)
Vinzons 2nd 7.5% 43,485 41,915 0.70% 141.43 54.61 310 800 19 14°10′25″N 122°54′35″E / 14.1736°N 122.9097°E / 14.1736; 122.9097 (Vinzons)
Total 583,313 542,915 1.38% 2,320.07 895.78 250 650 282 (see GeoGroup box)
  1. ^ Coordinates mark the town center, and are sortable by latitude.

Demographics

Population census of
Camarines Norte
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 45,503—    
1918 52,081+0.90%
1939 98,324+3.07%
1948 103,702+0.59%
1960 188,091+5.09%
1970 262,207+3.37%
1975 288,406+1.93%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1980 308,007+1.32%
1990 390,982+2.41%
1995 439,151+2.20%
2000 470,654+1.50%
2007 513,785+1.22%
2010 542,915+2.03%
2015 583,313+1.38%
Source: National Statistics Office[2][4][4][5]

The population of Camarines Norte in the 2015 census was 583,313 people,[2] with a density of 250 inhabitants per square kilometre or 650 inhabitants per square mile.

Religion

The majority of the population are followers of Roman Catholic church with 93% of the population adherence, while the rest of the people's faith is divided by several Christian groups such as Aglipayan Church, Iglesia ni Cristo (INC), Baptists, Methodists, Mormons, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-day Adventist, other Christians and also Muslims which demographic is mostly traced to Mindanao.

Language

Coastal Bikol (Central Bikol variant) is the major language spoken in the province (specifically the southern half), while Tagalog speakers form the majority in the north. English is widely understood and used in businesses and education.

Economy

The province’s economy largely depends on agriculture, with grain crops, vegetables, coconuts, rootcrops and fruits as its main products.

The four major manufacturing and processing industries in the province are mining (particularly gold and iron ore), jewelry craft, pineapple and coconut industry.

Infrastructure

The province has an international seaport located at Barangay Osmeña, Jose Panganiban town servicing one of its major industries, Pan Century Surfactants. The seaport is approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the town proper and an hour ride to the capital town of Daet.

The province has 13 fishing ports in the coastal municipalities and one feeder airport in Bagasbas, Daet.

Notable people from Camarines Norte

  • Robin Padilla — Actor
  • José María Panganiban — Bicolano propagandist, linguist, and essayist. He is one of the main writers and contributors for La Solidaridad, writing under the pen names "Jomapa" and "J.M.P."
  • Gen. Vicente R. Lukban — officer in Emilio Aguinaldo's staff during the Philippine Revolution and the politico-military chief of Samar and Leyte during the Philippine-American War. On September 28, 1901, Sunday, he led Filipino rebels, armed only with bolos and sharpened bamboo poles, in an attack against the contingent of American forces in Balangiga, Samar. Only 36 troopers of Company C, 9th Infantry Regiment of the US Forces survived the attack against 16 casualties among the Filipino rebels, giving the encounter its famous label "Balangiga Massacre" in Philippine history.
  • Wenceslao Q. Vinzons, Sr. — Lawyer, orator, labor leader, writer, youngest delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention and youngest signatory of the Charter at the age of 25. As the governor in 1940 and congressman-elect in 1941 and refusing to surrender, he evacuated the provincial government during the Japanese occupation to the hinterlands of Labo and led a guerrilla force against the Japanese forces.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Province: Camarines Norte". PSA. Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Region V (BICOL REGION)". Census of Population (2015): Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay (Report). PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  3. ↑ "Weather forecast for Camarines Norte, Philippines". Storm247. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 "Region V (BICOL REGION)". Census of Population and Housing (2010): Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay (Report). NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  5. ↑ "Census 2000; Population and Housing; Region V" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority (National Statistics Office - Region V). Retrieved 29 June 2016.
 Philippine Sea
Quezon / Lamon Bay San Miguel Bay / Camarines Sur
   Camarines Norte  
Quezon, Camarines Sur
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