Bruno Bréguet

Bruno Bréguet (born 29 May 1950 in Coffrane, Switzerland) was the first European arrested and condemned for pro-Palestinian terrorist activities.[1][2] He was an associate of Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, better known as "Carlos the Jackal". He disappeared in 1995.

Career

Israeli mission

In 1970 Bréguet, then 19 years old, travelled to Lebanon to join the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP).[3] A few weeks later, he was arrested on 23 June 1970 in Israel,[3] while carrying two kilograms of explosives with the purpose of dynamiting harbour installations in Haifa.[2] His friend François Genoud asked his son-in-law, lawyer Maurice Cruchon, to defend Bréguet.[2]

Bréguet, who denied any ties with the PFLP,[2] was sentenced in 1971 to 15 years imprisonment, but was pardoned in 1977 as a result of public advocacy by an international committee of supporters that included Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Noam Chomsky and Alberto Moravia—as well as Genoud.[3][4][5] He was expelled from Israel on 24 July 1977.[2]

In the late 1970s, Bréguet may have established links with militants of Prima Linea. He wrote an account of his captivity in Israel that was published in 1980 in Milan under the title La scuola dell'odio (The School of Hate).[1]

Radio Free Europe bombing

Richard Cummings writes that Bréguet joined Carlos' group in 1980 and took part in its 1981 bombing of Radio Free Europe headquarters in Munich as his first operation.[6] In August 1996 German prosecutors issued an arrest warrant for Bréguet in connection with that attack.[7]

French missions

In February 1982 Bréguet and Carlos' wife Magdalena Kopp (fresh from a failed 18 January 1982 mission to destroy the Superphénix nuclear power plant in France) were arrested in an underground parking garage in Paris.[8] They were carrying in the trunk of their vehicle two bottles of gas, two kilos of explosives linked to a timer set to go off at ten-thirty, and two grenades.[2] During the arrest, Bréguet attempted to kill the police with a gun that misfired.[2][8]

Bréguet and Kopp denied they were on a terrorist mission.[8] François Genoud asked his friend, lawyer Jacques Vergès, to defend them in court.[2] Carlos' organization also set off several bombs in retaliation for the arrest, and Carlos then wrote to French interior minister Gaston Defferre demanding their release. When the letter was leaked to the press, the publicity ended in the pair getting lighter prison sentences with the attempted murder charge dropped.[8]

It was later said that Bréguet and Kopp had been hired to bomb the Paris office of the magazine Al Watan al Arabi at 33 Rue Marbeuf, which was eventually hit on 22 April 1982.[8]

Bréguet and Kopp were both paroled in 1985[9] and rejoined Carlos in Damascus, Syria.[2] Later, Bréguet set down with family in Greece.[2]

Disappearance

Bréguet was last seen on 12 November 1995 on board the ferry Le Lato sailing from Italy to Greece.[5][10] Searches by Greek police and Interpol revealed nothing.[2] There are various theories and rumours regarding his disappearance. Some have speculated that he was killed by former associates, that he went into hiding because of evidence against him in recently released Stasi files, or that he cooperated with authorities and has since been living under a new identity.[11][12]

His family has charged that he was kidnapped by the Greek or French secret service.[5][11] It has been said in late 1996 that he may have been captured by the French DGSE to be confronted with witnesses and documents, concerning the implication of high regional officials of Nice in arms traffic to Algeria. Breguet reportedly cooperated with French intelligence and justice.[1]

In 2009, Carlos wrote to newly elected US President Barack Obama alleging that Bréguet had been kidnapped by "CIA agents backed by Nato naval commandos" and asking for information on his current whereabouts.[10]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Bruno Breguet: The Case of the Missing Terrorist". Cold War Radio Vignettes. 26 June 2011.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Entry for Bréguet in the "Biographies of film's participants", Terror's Advocate, a film by Barbet Schroeder, Star PR (Mongrel Media), 2007.
  3. 1 2 3 Follain, John (1998). Jackal: the complete story of the legendary terrorist, Carlos the Jackal. Arcade Publishing. p. 138.
  4. ↑ Lee, Martin A.; Kevin Coogan (May 1987). "Killer's on the Right—Inside Europe's Fascist Underground". Mother Jones. p. 52.
  5. 1 2 3 Lassueur, Yves (18 January 1996). "L'étrange disparition du Suisse Bruno Breguet". L'Hebdo (in French).
  6. ↑ Cummings, Richard H. (2009). Cold War Radio The Dangerous History of American Broadcasting in Europe, 1950–1989. McFarland. pp. 100, 103.
  7. ↑ "Suspect Sought in 1981 Bombing". Eugene Register-Guard. 26 August 1996.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Holy war. Wilhelm Dietl. Macmillan, 1984. ISBN 0-02-531530-7, ISBN 978-0-02-531530-3. p. 150
  9. ↑ Follain 186
  10. 1 2 "Carlos the Jackal asks Obama for help in tracking down 'disappeared' terrorist". Sunday Herald. 28 February 2009. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 27 February 2009.
  11. 1 2 Anastasopoulou, Irene (14 January 2003). "Magdalena Kopp's life with The Jackal". ekathimerini.com.
  12. ↑ "Anti-terror net to be cast wider". ekathimerini.com. 22 August 2002.

Books

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