Bitterfeld (district)

Bitterfeld
District

Country	Germany
State	Saxony-Anhalt
Disbanded	2007-07-01
Capital	Bitterfeld
Area
• Total	505 km² (195 sq mi)
Population (2001)
• Total	109,300
• Density	220/km² (560/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Vehicle registration	BTF
Website	landkreis-bitterfeld.mda.de

Bitterfeld was a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the city of Dessau, the district of Wittenberg, Delitzsch (Saxony) and the districts of Saalkreis and Köthen.

History

The district was a swampy and unpopulated area in the early Middle Ages. In the 12th century Flemish settlers helped to drain the swamps. In that time Bitterfeld was known as "the Flemish town" in the region. The present district is roughly identical with the old county of Brehna, which ruled the area from the 10th to the 13th century. Later the region became a part of Saxony.

When Prussia gained the northern parts of Saxony (including the lands around Bitterfeld), the district of Bitterfeld was established. After the dissolution of Anhalt some places in the north were added to the district.

The East German government tried to establish a socialistic industrial centre in the Bitterfeld region. The city of Bitterfeld and the entire district were infamous for polluted air, poisoned rivers and devastated landscape. After the German reunification there have been measures to change these conditions. Today the power plants work with modern filters, and sewage works greatly improve the water conditions.

During the Kreisreform 2007 the district was merged with Köthen and a large part of Anhalt-Zerbst into the new district Anhalt-Bitterfeld.

Geography

The Mulde River crossed the district from south to north.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms displays:

top left and bottom right: the arms of the medieval county of Brehna
top right: the heraldic lion of Saxony
bottom left: the arms of the county of Landsberg

Towns and municipalities

Towns	Verwaltungsgemeinschaften	Free municipalities
Zörbig	Bitterfeld (incl. towns Bitterfeld and Brehna) Muldestausee-Schmerzbach Raguhn (incl. towns Jeßnitz and Raguhn) Wolfen (incl. town Wolfen)	Sandersdorf

External links

Urban and rural districts in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in Germany

Urban districts	Dessau-Roßlau Halle (Saale) Magdeburg

Rural districts	Altmarkkreis Salzwedel Anhalt-Bitterfeld Börde Burgenlandkreis Harz Jerichower Land Mansfeld-Südharz Saalekreis Salzlandkreis Stendal Wittenberg

Former districts	Anhalt-Zerbst Aschersleben-Staßfurt Bernburg Bitterfeld Bördekreis Burgenlandkreis Halberstadt Köthen Mansfelder Land Merseburg-Querfurt Ohrekreis Quedlinburg Saalkreis Sangerhausen Schönebeck Weißenfels Wernigerode

Cities and towns in the former district of Bitterfeld (district)

Altjeßnitz Bitterfeld-Wolfen Bobbau Brehna Burgkemnitz Friedersdorf Glebitzsch Gossa Gröbern Jeßnitz Krina Marke Mühlbeck Muldenstein Petersroda Plodda Pouch Raguhn Retzau Roitzsch Rösa Sandersdorf Schierau Schlaitz Schwemsal Thurland Tornau vor der Heide Zörbig

Coordinates: 51°40′N 12°20′E / 51.67°N 12.33°E / 51.67; 12.33

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