Amethi (Lok Sabha constituency)
Location of Amethi district in Uttar Pradesh | |
Existence | 1967–present |
---|---|
Current MP | Rahul Gandhi |
Party | Indian National Congress |
Elected Year | 2014 |
State | Uttar Pradesh |
Most Successful Party | Indian National Congress (13 times) |
Assembly Constituencies | Tiloi, Salon, Jagdishpur, Gauriganj, and Amethi[1] |
Amethi is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (lower house of the Indian parliament) constituencies in the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.[2] This constituency covers the entire Amethi district and was created in 1967.[3] Its first member of parliament (MP) was Vidya Dhar Bajpai of the Indian National Congress (INC) who was elected in 1967 and held his seat in the next election in 1971. In the 1977 election, Ravindra Pratap Singh of the Janata Party became its MP. Singh was defeated in 1980 by Sanjay Gandhi of the INC. Later in the same year, Gandhi died in a plane crash.[4] This forced a by election in this constituency in 1981 which was won by his brother, Rajiv Gandhi.[5] Gandhi went on to represent this constituency until 1991, when he was assassinated by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).[6][7][8] The subsequent by election held in the same year was won by Satish Sharma of the INC. Sharma was also elected as the MP in the next election in 1996. Sanjay Singh of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) defeated Sharma in the 1998 election. The widow of Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi, represented this constituency from 1999–2004.[9] As of the latest elections in 2014, her son Rahul Gandhi is the MP of this constituency, a seat he has held since 2004.[10] As of 2014, Amethi has been represented by four members of the Nehru–Gandhi family since 1980.[11]
Assembly segments
Presently, Amethi Lok Sabha constituency comprises five Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) segments. These are:
- Tiloi
- Salon
- Jagdishpur
- Gauriganj
- Amethi
The constituency is surrounded by Bara Banki and Faizabad in the north, Rae Bareli to the west, Sultanpur to the east and Pratapgarh in the south.[1]
Members of Parliament
Lok Sabha | Duration | Member of Parliament | Party |
---|---|---|---|
Fourth | 1967–71 | Vidya Dhar Bajpai | Indian National Congress |
Fifth | 1971–77 | Vidya Dhar Bajpai | Indian National Congress |
Sixth | 1977–80 | Ravindra Pratap Singh | Janata Party |
Seventh | 1980 | Sanjay Gandhi | Indian National Congress (I) |
1981–84 | Rajiv Gandhi | Indian National Congress (I) | |
Eighth | 1984–89 | Rajiv Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
Ninth | 1989–91 | Rajiv Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
Tenth | 1991 | Rajiv Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
1991–96 | Satish Sharma | Indian National Congress | |
Eleventh | 1996–98 | Satish Sharma | Indian National Congress |
Twelfth | 1998–99 | Dr. Sanjay Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Thirteenth | 1999–2004 | Sonia Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
Fourteenth | 2004–09 | Rahul Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
Fifteenth | 2009–14 | Rahul Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
Sixteenth | 2014–Incumbent | Rahul Gandhi | Indian National Congress |
Election results
General election 1967
Vidya Dhar Bajpai of the INC won the first election in 1967 and became its first MP.[13]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Vidya Dhar Bajpai | 63,231 | 35.81 | ||
BJS | Gokul Prasad Pathak | 59,566 | 33.74 | ||
Independent | A. Wahid | 22,333 | 12.65 | ||
SSP | A. P. Pandey | 17,213 | 9.75 | ||
Swatantra Party | R. H. Singh | 9,883 | 5.60 | ||
Independent | V. Jhunjhunwala | 4,334 | 2.45 | ||
Margin of victory | 3,665 | 2.07 | |||
Turnout | 188,666 | 37.34 | |||
INC win (new seat) | |||||
General election 1971
Bajpai held the seat and represented the constituency in the Fifth Lok Sabha.[14]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Vidya Dhar Bajpai | 96,312 | 62.13 | +26.32 | |
BJS | Gokul Prasad Pathak | 21,335 | 13.76 | -19.98 | |
NCO | Wast Nabvi | 19,051 | 12.29 | N/A | |
Bharatiya Kranti Dal | Kailash Nath Singh | 11,787 | 7.60 | N/A | |
Ram Rajya Parishad | Basudev Shastri | 6,541 | 4.22 | N/A | |
Margin of victory | 74,977 | 48.37 | +46.30 | ||
Turnout | 160,395 | 30.05 | -7.29 | ||
INC hold | Swing | +26.32 | |||
General election 1977
Ravindra Pratap Singh of the Janata Party represented the constituency in the Sixth Lok Sabha. [15]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Janata Party | Ravindra Pratap Singh | 176,410 | 60.47 | N/A | |
INC | Sanjay Gandhi | 100,566 | 34.47 | -27.66 | |
Independent | Abdul Wahid | 8,450 | 2.90 | N/A | |
Independent | Badri Narain | 6,306 | 2.16 | N/A | |
Margin of victory | 75,844 | 26.00 | -22.37 | ||
Turnout | 302,826 | 48.59 | +18.54 | ||
Janata Party gain from INC | Swing | ||||
General election 1980
Sanjay Gandhi of the INC won the election but he died in a plane crash later in the same year forcing a by election in 1981.[4]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Sanjay Gandhi | 186,990 | 57.11 | +26.64 | |
Janata Party | Ravindra Pratap Singh | 58,445 | 17.85 | -42.62 | |
JNP(S) | Mohd. Isa | 41,734 | 12.75 | N/A | |
Independent | Mahavir Prasad | 12,295 | 3.76 | N/A | |
Independent | Satya Narain Jaiswal | 7,339 | 2.24 | N/A | |
Independent | Ram Dulare Yadav | 5,320 | 1.62 | N/A | |
Independent | Chodhari Mohd. Halim Biriwala | 3,311 | 1.01 | N/A | |
Independent | Munna Jaiswal | 3,048 | 0.93 | N/A | |
Independent | Tarkeshwar Prasad | 2,743 | 0.84 | N/A | |
Independent | Babu Lal Yadav | 2,464 | 0.75 | N/A | |
Independent | Abdul Majid | 1,969 | 0.60 | N/A | |
Independent | Paras Nath Gupta | 1,755 | 0.54 | N/A | |
Margin of victory | 128,545 | 39.26 | +13.26 | ||
Turnout | 338,531 | 50.10 | +1.51 | ||
INC gain from Janata Party | Swing | +5.33 | |||
By election 1981
Rajiv Gandhi, Sanjay's brother and also of the INC won the by election and represented the constituency in the Seventh Lok Sabha.[5][17]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rajiv Gandhi | 258,884 | 84.18 | +27.07 | |
Lok Dal | Sharad Yadav | 21,188 | 6.89 | N/A | |
Independent | R. Bali | 5,690 | 1.85 | N/A | |
Independent | F. Bari | 3,680 | 1.20 | N/A | |
Independent | K. B. Singh | 3,386 | 1.10 | N/A | |
INC(U) | B. Singh | 3,286 | 1.07 | N/A | |
Independent | D. P. M. Agarwal | 2,728 | 0.89 | N/A | |
Independent | Bajrangi | 2,586 | 0.84 | N/A | |
Independent | B. P. D. Dixit | 1,648 | 0.54 | N/A | |
Independent | F. Ashraf | 1,185 | 0.39 | N/A | |
Independent | B. B. Goswami | 915 | 0.30 | N/A | |
Independent | L. Bahadur | 854 | 0.28 | N/A | |
Independent | K. A. Khan | 779 | 0.25 | N/A | |
Independent | U. P. Singh | 714 | 0.23 | N/A | |
Margin of victory | 237,696 | 77.29 | +38.03 | ||
Turnout | 307,523 | ||||
INC hold | Swing | +27.07 | |||
General election 1984
Gandhi held the seat and represented the constituency in the Eighth Lok Sabha.[18]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rajiv Gandhi | 365,041 | 83.67 | -0.51 | |
Independent | Maneka Gandhi | 50,163 | 11.50 | N/A | |
Margin of victory | 314,878 | 72.17 | -5.12 | ||
Turnout | 446,289 | 60.25 | |||
INC hold | Swing | -0.50 | |||
General election 1989
Gandhi won a third term as MP and represented this constituency in the Ninth Lok Sabha.[19]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rajiv Gandhi | 271,407 | 67.43 | -16.24 | |
Janata Dal | Rajmohan Gandhi | 69,269 | 17.21 | ||
BSP | Kanshi Ram | 25,400 | 6.31 | ||
Independent | Ayal Singhani Bhagwan Das | 3,440 | 0.85 | ||
Independent | Mayankar Paraveen Shanker | 3,202 | 0.80 | ||
Doordarshi Party | Anand Kumar Singh | 2,937 | 0.73 | ||
Independent | Prabhakar Rao Chauhan | 2,156 | 0.54 | ||
Independent | Bhawani Pher | 1,242 | 0.31 | ||
Independent | Dharti Pakar Madan Lal | 1,095 | 0.27 | ||
Independent | Rajender Prasad | 1,071 | 0.27 | ||
Independent | Atam Prakash | 1,014 | 0.25 | ||
Independent | Bela Ram Chavhan | 997 | 0.25 | ||
Independent | Yogendra Nath | 971 | 0.24 | ||
Independent | Raj Dhari | 947 | 0.24 | ||
Independent | Bhagwati Prasad | 931 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | Nagarmal Bajauria | 919 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | Naseeb | 914 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | Lal Chand | 810 | 0.20 | ||
ABHM | Kasturi Lal | 803 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | Kaka Joginder Singh Alias Dharti Pakar | 799 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | Rajendra Singh | 788 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | Hausila | 747 | 0.19 | ||
Independent | Budhan Ram | 689 | 0.17 | ||
Independent | Ramesh Paramhans | 682 | 0.17 | ||
Independent | Raja Ram s/o Dulahare | 678 | 0.17 | ||
Independent | Ahmad | 663 | 0.16 | ||
Independent | Jagdanand Jha | 613 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | Raj Rani | 587 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | Kamred Islam Ullah | 565 | 0.14 | ||
Independent | Bansh Gopal | 542 | 0.13 | ||
Independent | Parma Nand | 491 | 0.12 | ||
Independent | Ram Chandra Singh | 448 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | Ayodhiya | 410 | 0.10 | ||
Independent | Raja Ram s/o Brij Mohan | 402 | 0.10 | ||
Independent | Ram Baran | 400 | 0.10 | ||
Independent | Narian Dass | 397 | 0.10 | ||
Independent | Tej Pal | 376 | 0.09 | ||
Independent | Veerappa Gaunder | 359 | 0.09 | ||
Independent | Raja Ram s/o Ram Harakh | 357 | 0.09 | ||
Independent | Lal Behari | 349 | 0.09 | ||
Independent | Lallan | 316 | 0.08 | ||
Independent | Krishan Kumar | 296 | 0.07 | ||
Independent | Nazir Ahmad | 247 | 0.06 | ||
Independent | Swami Dayal | 240 | 0.06 | ||
Independent | Ved Narain Tripathi | 200 | 0.05 | ||
Independent | Harish Chandra Sharma | 176 | 0.04 | ||
Independent | Sheo Prasad Agarwal | 158 | 0.04 | ||
Margin of victory | 202,138 | 50.22 | -21.95 | ||
Turnout | 425,746 | 46.78 | |||
INC hold | Swing | -16.24 | |||
General election 1991
Gandhi won the election but he was assassinated later in the same year forcing a by election.[8][20]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rajiv Gandhi | 187,138 | 53.23 | -14.20 | |
BJP | Ravindra Pratap | 75,053 | 21.35 | ||
Janata Dal | Naeem | 54,680 | 15.55 | -1.66 | |
Independent | Vans Raj | 1,991 | 0.57 | ||
Independent | Sukh Deo | 1,908 | 0.54 | ||
Independent | Ratan | 1,760 | 0.50 | ||
Independent | Awadh Behari Dass | 1,694 | 0.48 | ||
Independent | Tug Nath | 1,570 | 0.45 | ||
Independent | Anjum Zafri | 1,484 | 0.42 | ||
Independent | Deepak Rai | 1,415 | 0.40 | ||
Independent | Mohd. Ayub | 1,395 | 0.40 | ||
Independent | Ramesh Param Hans | 1,333 | 0.38 | ||
Independent | Ashok Kumar | 1,295 | 0.37 | ||
Independent | Islam Uljah | 1,169 | 0.33 | ||
Independent | Abhimanu Kumar Tewari | 1,102 | 0.31 | ||
Independent | Babu Lal | 1,053 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | A. Gaffar | 1,040 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | Chhitai | 1,008 | 0.29 | ||
Independent | Kutta Dharti Pakar Madanlal | 875 | 0.25 | ||
Independent | Shri Ram | 754 | 0.21 | ||
Independent | Ram Sunder s/o Girdhari | 748 | 0.21 | ||
Doordarshi Party | Ram Samujh Singh | 742 | 0.21 | ||
Independent | Nagarmal Bajoria | 724 | 0.21 | ||
Independent | Bamil Husain | 715 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | K. C. Shivanna | 713 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | Raja Ram | 702 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | Krishna Dutt | 657 | 0.19 | ||
Independent | Ved Narayan Tripathi | 657 | 0.19 | ||
Independent | Kedar Nath | 650 | 0.18 | ||
Independent | Govind | 637 | 0.18 | ||
Independent | Ram Tilak | 628 | 0.18 | ||
Independent | Rajendera Singh | 550 | 0.16 | ||
Independent | Ahmed Qadir | 545 | 0.16 | ||
Independent | Hotte Pakcha Rangaswami Alias S. R. Puri | 533 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | Sahbuddin | 522 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | Ram Sunder s/o Ram Prasad | 509 | 0.14 | ||
Independent | Ayodhya Prasad Tripathi | 439 | 0.12 | ||
Independent | Gajnafar Agha | 422 | 0.12 | ||
Independent | Sita Ram Sahu | 202 | 0.06 | ||
Independent | Javed Farroq | 200 | 0.06 | ||
Independent | V. T. R. Veerappa Gaunder | 175 | 0.05 | ||
Independent | Ram Narain Sashtri | 161 | 0.05 | ||
Margin of victory | 112,085 | 31.88 | -18.34 | ||
Turnout | 376,202 | 40.97 | -5.81 | ||
INC hold | Swing | -14.20 | |||
By election 1991
Satish Sharma of the INC won the election and represented the constituency in the Ninth Lok Sabha.[17]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Satish Sharma | 178,996 | 53.88 | +0.65 | |
BJP | M. M. Singh | 79,687 | 23.99 | +2.64 | |
Independent | R. Singh | 47,033 | 14.16 | ||
Independent | J. Pratap | 1,859 | 0.56 | ||
Independent | U. Singh | 1,308 | 0.39 | ||
Independent | J. B. Singh | 1,298 | 0.39 | ||
Independent | S. Naraiyan | 1,246 | 0.38 | ||
Independent | A. K. Tiwari | 1,069 | 0.32 | ||
Independent | R. R. Pasi | 1,034 | 0.31 | ||
Independent | Jagdish | 1,001 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | R. Gulam | 987 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | C. (A. ENGG.) | 982 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | K. J. S. URF. D. Pakad | 911 | 0.27 | ||
Independent | T. N. Urfragardas | 906 | 0.27 | ||
Independent | B. Lal | 856 | 0.26 | ||
Independent | A. Jafari | 777 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | A. Sahani | 768 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | S. Nath | 764 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | Y. N. Mishra | 747 | 0.22 | ||
Independent | N. K. T. A. URF W. Bhaiya | 736 | 0.22 | ||
Independent | G. Raj | 733 | 0.22 | ||
Independent | N. Khan | 675 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | S. K. S. Upakhya "Rafa Dafa" | 662 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | J. Meraj | 492 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | S. R. Sharma | 485 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | R. Bahadur | 482 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | V. Raj | 467 | 0.14 | ||
Independent | R. Ram | 452 | 0.14 | ||
Independent | S. Naraiyan | 441 | 0.13 | ||
Independent | P. L. Srivastava | 421 | 0.13 | ||
Independent | Shankarlal | 379 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | V. N. Sharma | 374 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | Moh. Saleem | 372 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | Rajesh | 371 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | R. Singh | 312 | 0.09 | ||
Independent | S. Nath | 289 | 0.09 | ||
Independent | R. Asrey | 278 | 0.08 | ||
Independent | D. Wahadur | 273 | 0.08 | ||
Independent | P. Wahadur | 232 | 0.07 | ||
Independent | Dinegya | 229 | 0.07 | ||
Independent | J. S. Verma | 219 | 0.07 | ||
Independent | R. Prasad | 161 | 0.05 | ||
Independent | S. R. Sahu | 158 | 0.05 | ||
Independent | Sahoori | 143 | 0.04 | ||
Independent | Juntunisha | 130 | 0.04 | ||
Margin of victory | 99,309 | 29.89 | -1.99 | ||
Turnout | 332,195 | ||||
INC hold | Swing | +0.65 | |||
General election 1996
Sharma held the seat and represented the constituency in the Tenth Lok Sabha.[21]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Satish Sharma | 157,868 | 38.81 | -15.07 | |
BJP | Raja Mohan Singh | 117,725 | 28.94 | +4.95 | |
SP | Choudary Mohd. Isa | 79,285 | 19.49 | ||
Independent | Karnandan Singh Akela | 13,277 | 3.26 | ||
Margin of victory | 40,143 | 9.97 | |||
Turnout | 426,913 | 38.71 | |||
INC hold | Swing | ||||
General election 1998
Sanjay Singh of the BJP won the election and represented the constituency in the Eleventh Lok Sabha.[22]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BJP | Sanjay Singh | 205,025 | 35.08 | ||
INC | Satish Sharma | 181,755 | 31.10 | ||
BSP | Mohd. Naim | 151,096 | 25.85 | ||
SP | Shiv Prasad | 29,888 | 5.11 | ||
Margin of victory | 23,270 | 3.98 | |||
Turnout | 597,556 | 53.73 | |||
BJP gain from INC | Swing | ||||
General election 1999
The widow of Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi won the seat and represented the constituency in the Thirteenth Lok Sabha.[9]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Sonia Gandhi | 418,960 | 67.12 | ||
BJP | Sanjay Singh | 118,948 | 19.06 | ||
BSP | Paras Nath Maurya | 33,658 | 9.43 | ||
SP | Kamarujjama Fauzi | 16,678 | 6.81 | ||
Independent | Mohammad Israr | 7,098 | 2.79 | ||
Margin of victory | 300,012 | 48.06 | |||
Turnout | 638,178 | 57.46 | |||
INC gain from BJP | Swing | ||||
General election 2004
Sonia Gandhi's son, Rahul won the seat and represented the constituency in the Fourteenth Lok Sabha.[10][24]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rahul Gandhi | 390,179 | 66.18 | ||
BSP | Chandra Parkash Misra | 99,326 | 16.85 | ||
BJP | Ram Vilas Vedanti | 55,438 | 9.40 | ||
Independent | Sri Ram | 12,320 | 2.09 | ||
AD | Udai Raj Maurya | 11,280 | 1.91 | ||
Margin of victory | 290,853 | 49.33 | |||
Turnout | 589,596 | ||||
INC hold | Swing | ||||
General election 2009
Gandhi held the seat and represented the constituency in the Fifteenth Lok Sabha.[25]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rahul Gandhi | 4,64,195 | 71.78 | ||
BSP | Asheesh Shukla | 93,997 | 14.54 | ||
BJP | Pradeep Kumar Singh | 37,570 | 5.81 | ||
JPS | Bhuwal | 10,396 | 1.61 | ||
Independent | Swami Nath | 9,642 | 1.49 | ||
Margin of victory | 3,70,198 | 57.24 | |||
Turnout | 6,46,650 | 45.16 | |||
INC hold | Swing | ||||
General election 2014
Gandhi won a third term as MP and currently represents the constituency in the Sixteenth Lok Sabha.[26]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rahul Gandhi | 4,08,651 | 46.71 | -25.07 | |
BJP | Smriti Zubin Irani | 3,00,748 | 34.38 | +28.57 | |
BSP | Dharmendra Pratap Singh | 57,716 | 6.60 | -7.94 | |
AAP | Dr. Kumar Vishvas | 25,527 | 2.92 | N/A | |
VSIP | Vedpal Shasatri | 6,464 | 0.74 | N/A | |
NOTA | None of the Above | 1,784 | 0.20 | N/A | |
Margin of victory | 1,07,903 | 12.33 | -32.83 | ||
Turnout | 8,74,625 | 52.38 | +7.22 | ||
INC hold | Swing | -25.14 | |||
See also
References
- 1 2 "Assembly constituencies-Post delimitation" (PDF). Chief Electoral Office, Uttar Pradesh. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
- ↑ "Lok Sabha elections results 2014: Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand". The Indian Express. 17 May 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ↑ "Amethi: Gandhis to face first real fight". Hindustan Times. 4 May 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- 1 2 "Three attempts were made to kill Sanjay Gandhi: WikiLeaks". The Times of India. 11 April 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- 1 2 "Assassination in India; Rajiv Gandhi: A Son Who Won, Lost and Tried a Comeback". The New York Times. 22 May 1991. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ↑ Sharma, Rajeev (20 February 2014). "LTTE's messages show why Rajiv Gandhi's murder should be re-probed (Part-1)". Firstpost. Network 18. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ↑ "1991: Bomb kills India's former leader Rajiv Gandhi". BBC News. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- 1 2 "Seven convicted over Rajiv Gandhi assassination set to be freed". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. 19 February 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- 1 2 "An Amethi first in 10 years for Sonia". The Telegraph (Calcutta). 19 April 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- 1 2 "Does polls verdict signal decline of Gandhi dynasty?". The Hindustan Times. 17 May 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ↑ "Rahul Will Lose Heavily in Amethi: Kumar Vishwas". The New Indian Express. 18 March 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ↑ "Rajiv Gandhi (1944 - 1991): The Youngest PM". The Hindu. 9 June 2003. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 168. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 181. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 185. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- ↑ "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 219. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 "Details of Lok Sabha By- Elections since 1952" (Excel). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 215. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 265. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 280. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 423. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 246. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- ↑ "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 238. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 309. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 153. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- 1 2 "Constituencywise-All Candidates". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
- ↑ "Parliamentary Constituency wise Turnout for General Election - 2014". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 31 July 2014.
Coordinates: 26°10′N 81°49′E / 26.16°N 81.81°E