41st Division (German Empire)

41st Division (41. Division); from August 2, 1914, 41st Infantry Division (41. Infanterie-Division)
Active 1912-1919
Country Prussia/Germany
Branch Army
Type Infantry (in peacetime included cavalry)
Size Approx. 15,000
Part of XX. Army Corps (XX. Armeekorps)
Garrison/HQ Deutsch Eylau
Engagements World War I: Tannenberg, 1st Masurian Lakes, Romania, 2nd Aisne, Spring Offensive, Meuse-Argonne Offensive
Commanders
Notable
commanders		 Hermann von Stein

The 41st Division (41. Division) was a unit of the Prussian/German Army.[1] It was established on October 1, 1912 in Deutsch Eylau (now Iława, Poland).[2] The division was subordinated in peacetime to the XX Army Corps (XX. Armeekorps).[3] The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. It was mainly recruited in the Prussian province of West Prussia.

Pre-World War I organization

The organization of the 37th Division in 1914, shortly before the outbreak of World War I, was as follows:[4]

Order of battle on mobilization

On mobilization in August 1914, at the beginning of World War I, most divisional cavalry, including brigade headquarters, was withdrawn to form cavalry divisions or split up among divisions as reconnaissance units. Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from their higher headquarters. The 41st Division was renamed the 41st Infantry Division. Its initial wartime organization was as follows:[5]

Combat chronicle

The 41st Infantry Division began World War I on the Eastern Front. It participated in the battles of Tannenberg and 1st Masurian Lakes. In 1916, it saw action in the Romanian Campaign. The division was transferred to the Western Front in February 1917. It occupied the trenchlines in 1917, and participated in the Second Battle of the Aisne, also called the Third Battle of Champagne. In 1918 participated in the German Spring Offensive. In the subsequent Allied counteroffensives, the division fought in the Meuse-Argonne. Allied intelligence rated the division a second class division.[6][7]

Late World War I organization

Divisions underwent many changes during the war, with regiments moving from division to division, and some being destroyed and rebuilt. During the war, most divisions became triangular - one infantry brigade with three infantry regiments rather than two infantry brigades of two regiments (a "square division"). The 41st Infantry Division was triangularized in May 1915.[8] An artillery commander replaced the artillery brigade headquarters, the cavalry was further reduced, the engineer contingent was increased, and a divisional signals command was created. The 41st Infantry Division's order of battle on March 31, 1918 was as follows:[9]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ From the late 1800s, the Prussian Army was effectively the German Army as, during the period of German unification (1866-1871), the states of the German Empire entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous.
  2. ↑ Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p.134.
  3. ↑ Wegner, pp.84-85.
  4. ↑ Rangliste der Königlich Preußischen Armee (1914), pp. 110-111.
  5. ↑ Hermann Cron et al., Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee (Berlin, 1935)
  6. ↑ 41. Infanterie-Division (Chronik 1914/1918)
  7. ↑ Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 (1920), pp. 446-450.
  8. ↑ 41.Infanterie-Division (Chronik 1914/1918)
  9. ↑ Cron et al., Ruhmeshalle
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