2016 Munich shooting

2016 Munich shooting

Outside the McDonalds on Hanauer Straße 83, looking northwest on a cloudy day.

Outside the McDonald's on Hanauer Straße 83, looking northwest, where the shooting began

Map of Munich with locations of attack and Olympia shopping mall marked with red dots.

(1) McDonald's, where the shooting started
(2) Olympia shopping mall
Location Moosach, Munich, Germany
Coordinates 48°11′0″N 11°32′1″E / 48.18333°N 11.53361°E / 48.18333; 11.53361Coordinates: 48°11′0″N 11°32′1″E / 48.18333°N 11.53361°E / 48.18333; 11.53361
Date 22 July 2016
17:52 (UTC+2)
Target Civilians
Attack type
 Mass shooting, murder–suicide[1]
Weapons Glock 17 pistol[2]
Deaths 10 (including the perpetrator)
Non-fatal injuries
 36 (4 by gunfire)[3][4]
Assailant David Sonboly[5]
Motive Under investigation[6]

On 22 July 2016, a shooting occurred in the vicinity of the Olympia shopping mall in the Moosach district of Munich, Germany. Ten people, including the perpetrator, were killed and 36 others were injured. The shooting took place at a McDonald's restaurant near the shopping mall, in front of a Saturn electronics store nearby, and in the mall itself. The gunman, later identified as 18-year-old David Sonboly, died nearby from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. His motive for the shooting is under investigation.

Shooting

At 17:52 CEST (15:52 UTC), a gunman opened fire at a McDonald's west of the Olympia shopping mall in the Moosach district of Munich, Germany.[7]

Early reports and videos

An early witness talking to CNN correspondent Doug McConnell on the phone claimed that the gunman had shouted "Allahu Akbar!"[8] Identified only by her first name Lauretta, the woman's account has not been verified by other witnesses or the police, though it was widely disseminated in the media.[9]

A video distributed online showed a gunman firing at pedestrians outside McDonald's. He then moved on to the shopping mall itself.[10][11][12][13][14] Another video showed the gunman walking alone on the roof of a nearby car park before opening fire again.[15] He was heard shouting "I am German" (Ich bin Deutscher) and "I was born here" (Ich bin hier geboren) after an onlooker shouted anti-Turkish statements and other abuse at him.[16][17][18] According to Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, the gunman also shouted back "Shit Turks".[19] However, it is still not clear who started the anti-Turkish insults.[20]

Authorities' response

An urgent warning was issued to avoid the Karlsplatz ("Stachus"), due to reports of multiple shootings occurring there. Munich police had received information about an attack at Karlsplatz, but after arriving there, announced that the information was false.[21] Drivers were advised not to pick up any passengers. People in Munich were warned by the police to stay at home and avoid crowds and public squares.[22]

Following initial reports of shots being fired, some 2,300 officers were deployed throughout Munich from the greater area and surrounding states. A manhunt was soon initiated. Munich police urged residents not to leave their homes until further notice.[1] The special operations police unit GSG 9 was deployed.[23] Other regions of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland were asked to assist in the investigation.[24] A backpack was found apparently matching the one carried by the gunman at McDonald's. Police reportedly used a robot to investigate it,[25] and a total of 300 rounds were found inside.[26] Police officials warned of "an acute terror situation" and initially thought that there were up to three attackers, but later confirmed that there was only one gunman.[11][27]

The Munich U-Bahn, tram service, bus service, and services on the central portion of the S-Bahn in Munich were stopped.[28][29] Munich main station was evacuated and all trains were cancelled in and out of Munich. Regional and inter-city trains ceased their service to and from the region of the shooting.[30] Deutsche Bahn provided accommodation trains for stranded commuters and tourists where they could seek refuge. These were located at Mammendorf, Starnberg, Geltendorf, Dachau, and Freising.[31]

Just before 20.30 CEST,[11] the gunman was located about 1 km (0.6 mi) from the mall.[32] He shot and killed himself in front of two police officers.[11]

Casualties

Nine victims and the perpetrator died in the incident, and another 36[3][4] were injured, four by gunshots.[33] Three of the dead were females, and six were males.[34][35][36][37] Four of the victims were of Turkish origin (including a Greek national),[38] two victims were from German Sinti families and one from a Kosovan Roma family.[39]

  • Sevda Dağ, 45, Turkish
  • Hüseyin Dayıcık, 19, Greek (of Turkish ethnicity)[38]
  • Selçuk Kiliç, 15, Turkish
  • Giuliano Kollmann, 18, German of Romanian origin[40]
  • Can Leyla, 14, Turkish
  • Roberto Rafael, 15, Hungarian
  • Armela Segashi, 14, Kosovan
  • Sabina Sulaj, 14, Kosovan
  • Dijamant Zabergja, 21, German of Kosovan descent

There have been claims that Sonboly deliberately targeted people of Turkish or Arab origin, groups he apparently felt had picked on him at school.[37] The state government said that the victims were not chosen in any way and Sonboly did not know any of them.[41] Police thought it was a coincidence that all of the fatalities were of immigrant backgrounds, as the McDonald's near the shopping mall was patronised by the children of migrants.[42]

In preparation for admitting the injured, multiple hospitals called their medical staff for work outside normal working hours. A state of emergency was declared at the Rechts der Isar Hospital, where an injured victim died.[12]

Investigation

Munich police chief Hubertus Andrä said that the shooting appeared to be a "classic shooting rampage" and not terrorism.[32] Police said that the gunman was obsessed with mass shootings, and that written material on such attacks was found in his room.[15] Prosecutor Steinkraus Koch said that the gunman had a book about school shootings called Why Kids Kill: Inside the Minds of School Shooters by Peter Langman.[32] No references to religion had been found in documents in his home.[8] Andrä said that there was an "obvious" link between the shooting and Friday's fifth anniversary of the 2011 Norway attacks committed by Anders Behring Breivik.[8][15][43] However, a police search of the shooter's residence did not find the manifesto written and distributed by Breivik.[41] According to Abendzeitung, they found the shooter's own manifesto on his computer hard disk.[44]

Police investigator Robert Heimberger said that the shooter appeared to have hacked a girl's Facebook account in an attempt to lure people to McDonald's with an offer of free food.[45]

Authorities said that the gunman had been planning the shooting for a year and probably purchased his gun illegally on the darknet.[41][46] It was said to be a "reactivated" Glock 17 9mm semi-automatic pistol that previously had been used as a theatre prop.[46][47][48] German police believe that the gun may have originated in Slovakia, and said its serial number had been removed.[46]

On 25 July, Munich police announced the arrest of a 16-year-old Afghan friend of the perpetrator who was being investigated on suspicion of failing to report the gunman's plans.[41][49]

Perpetrator

David Sonboly
Born Ali Sonboly[5]
20 April 1998[50]
Munich, Germany
Died 22 July 2016 (aged 18)
Moosach district, Munich, Germany
Cause of death Self-inflicted gunshot wound
Residence Maxvorstadt, Munich
Nationality Iranian–German
Other names علی سنبلی[51]
Occupation Newspaper delivery boy, student

David Sonboly (born Ali Sonboly;[5] 20 April 1998 – 22 July 2016) was an 18-year-old Iranian-German with dual nationality.[32][52][53] The Munich Police Department said Sonboly was born and raised in Munich and had no criminal record.[25][54] He lived in an apartment in the neighbourhood of Maxvorstadt with his parents and younger brother.[55][56][57][58] He grew up in a secular household, according to his neighbours.[59] He had a part-time job distributing a local free newspaper.[60] Neighbours described him as a "polite boy".[6][59]

German Interior Minister Thomas de Maizière said that he was the son of Shiite Muslims from Iran who came to Germany as asylum seekers in the 1990s.[8][61] Sonboly's parents told police that their son had possibly converted to Christianity, but that he was not religious.[62][63] In May 2016, Sonboly had his name changed in all official documents from Ali to David.[5]

Possible motives

Police said that he had been in psychiatric care, where he was treated for depression.[15][32] Prosecutors said that he had been treated for two months in a mental care facility in 2015.[41] De Maizière said that he may have been bullied by his peers,[15][64] and police said that he had suffered "bodily injury" in an incident involving other young people in 2012.[8] During the attack, Sonboly shouted that he had been bullied for seven years.[65] A former classmate recalled, "We always mobbed [sic] him in school, and he always told us that he would kill us."[66]

Munich police chief, Hubertus Andrä said that Sonboly had an obsession with mass shooters, including the perpetrator of the Winnenden school shooting; he compiled a scrapbook of news clippings on mass shootings and owned several books on the matter.[6][67] He also visited Winnenden and took pictures there.[68] Sonboly received shooting lessons from his father in Iran in 2015.[69]

One of Sonboly's classmates said that Sonboly had changed his profile picture on the messaging service WhatsApp to a photo of Norwegian terrorist Anders Behring Breivik.[64][67] Der Spiegel reported that according to fellow online video game players, Sonboly posted "Turkey=ISIS" in a message in 2015 and that he had expressed admiration for Germany's right-wing AfD party,[70] and that he was "very nationalistic," repeatedly uttering anti-Turkish abuse.[71] The Local claimed that "those who knew him" said he considered himself part of the Aryan race,[72] while The Guardian cited accounts from Sonboly's acquaintances who said he boasted about sharing the same birthday as Adolf Hitler and called it an "accolade".[73]

Reactions

Domestic

Flowers laid at the mall after the shooting
Olympia shopping mall from afar, street view, on partly cloudy winter day
Olympia shopping mall (Olympia-Einkaufszentrum or OEZ) as seen in 2007.

Bavarian State Police urged the public not to publish online any photos or videos of the shooting. They provided a special upload platform, which allowed witnesses to upload photos, audio, or video recordings to directly assist in the investigation.[74] The citizens of Munich also used the Twitter hashtag #offeneTür (open door) to tell people in need of shelter where they could go.[1]

German Chancellor Angela Merkel turned to the victims' families in a press conference on 23 July by saying, "We suffer with you." She thanked the Munich residents who opened their doors for stranded people.[75] The Minister-President of Bavaria, Horst Seehofer, urged extreme caution against making premature conclusions, and noted that optimisation of the security forces had to be considered. He said he had spent more than four hours in the operations centre on 22 July, and thanked the forces for acting with professionalism and calm. The Interior Minister of Bavaria, Joachim Herrmann, announced an investigation as to why there had been numerous false alarms.[76]

The German Depression-Help Trust (Stiftung Deutsche Depressionshilfe) warned of stigmatizing mentally ill people in reaction to the shooting. Ulrich Hegerl, chairman of the Trust and director of Leipzig University Psychiatry, said the school was sure that depression was not the cause for the perpetrator's actions, as such a diagnosis would not have necessarily played a role.[77]

After the shooter was revealed to have been German-born, André Poggenburg was condemned and mocked in German media for having previously blamed Merkel's open refugee policy for the shooting.[78]

International

The U.S. Department of State warned Americans in Munich to "shelter in place."[79] President Barack Obama said in a statement that he pledged support for those affected by the shooting.[25][80][81]

Czech Interior Minister Milan Chovanec said his country would reinforce its borders to prevent the perpetrator(s) from fleeing into that country, according to German television station n-tv.[24] The Czech Foreign Ministry urged Czechs to avoid public places and set up an emergency hotline.[82]

The Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned the attack. The Ministry's spokesperson, Bahram Ghassemi, expressed condolences to the German government and nation, saying, "The killing of innocent and defenseless civilians has marked another blot on the human history".[83][84]

Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras said that having a Greek citizen among the dead "binds us even more to the fight to eradicate hatred and terrorism in Europe."[37]

See also

Wikinews has related news: Gunman attacks Munich shopping centre

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Munich shooting: Police say nine dead as manhunt continues". BBC News. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  2. ↑ "Auf einen Blick: Was über den Amoklauf von München bekannt ist" [At a glance: What is known about the rampage at Munich]. Augsburger Allgemeine (in German). 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  3. 1 2 "Bayerische Polizei - Fortentwicklung der Ermittlungen zum Amoklauf in München" [Bavarian police - Evolution of the investigation into the massacre in Munich]. Polizei Bayern (in German). 28 July 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  4. 1 2 "Münchner Polizei bearbeitet rund 1750 Hinweise zu Amoklauf" [Munich police processed some 1,750 Notes on rampage]. Welt Online (in German). 28 July 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "David? Ali David? Wie lautet der Name des Amokläufers von München?" [David? Ali David? What is the Munich gunman's name?]. Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). 29 July 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 Rothwell, James; Huggler, Justin; Finnigan, Lexi (23 July 2016). "Ali Sonboly: Everything we know about the Munich gunman". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  7. ↑ Fenton, Siobhan (22 July 2016). "Munich shooting: 'Shots fired' at OEZ shopping centre in German city". The Independent. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Hume, Tim; Karimi, Faith; Elwazer, Schams (23 July 2016). "Munich shooting: Attacker researched rampage killings, police say". CNN. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  9. ↑ Probst, Nina (25 July 2016). "Berichterstattung zum Amoklauf: Wenn Gerüchte zu Fakten werden" [Reporting the massacre: If rumors to facts]. Münchner Merkur (in German). Retrieved 27 July 2016.
  10. ↑ "Munich police chief Hubertus Andrä: Suspect is 18-year-old German-Iranian from Munich". The Washington Post. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Aisch, Gregor; Keller, Josh; Lai, K.K.Rebecca; Omri, Rudy; Pearce, Adam; Shaver, Julie; Singhvi, Anjali; Yourish, Karen (22 July 2016). "What Happened in the Shootings in Munich". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  12. 1 2 "Tote bei Schüssen an Einkaufszentrum – offenbar Schüsse am Stachus" [Deaths in shooting at shopping mall – apparently shots at Stachus]. Die Welt (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016 – via Welt Online.
  13. ↑ Barfuss, Thore; Tann, Marie von der (22 July 2016). "Täter hat sich vermutlich selbst getötet und alleine gehandelt" [Offender has probably killed himself and acted alone]. Die Welt (in German). Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  14. ↑ "Täter soll 18-jähriger Deutsch-Iraner sein" [Shooter allegedly of German-Iranian descent]. Die Welt (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016 – via Welt Online.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 "Munich gunman 'obsessed with mass shootings'". BBC News. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  16. ↑ Rachel Edmunds, Donna (5 August 2016). "Balcony-man-stood-munich-shooter-face-prosecution-insulting-dead". Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  17. ↑ "Angeblicher Todesschütze schreit: "Ich bin Deutscher!"" [Alleged gunman shouted: "I'm German!"]. Heute (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  18. ↑ Malkin, Bonnie (23 July 2016). "'I am German': Munich gunman in furious exchange with bystander". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  19. ↑ "Amokläufer von München war Rechtsextremist" [Gunman from Munich was right-wing extremist]. FAZ (in German). 27 July 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  20. ↑ "I am German: Munich gunman took part in shouting match during attack". The Guardian. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  21. ↑ "Munich police verifying info on possible attack at Karlsplatz square". Azerbaijani Vision. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  22. ↑ "Emergency Message for U.S. Citizens: Shots Fired at Multiple Locations in Munich". U.S. Embassy and Consulates in Germany. 22 July 2016. Archived from the original on 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  23. ↑ "Akute Terrorlage – drei Täter auf der Flucht, GSG 9 im Einsatz" [Acute terror situation – three perpetrators on the run, GSG 9 deployed]. Die Welt (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  24. 1 2 "Gunman 'kills himself' after Munich shooting". BBC News. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  25. 1 2 3 Grierson, Jamie; Malkin, Bonnie; Woolf, Nicky; Rawlinson, Kevin (22 July 2016). "Munich shooting: gunman researched school killing sprees before rampage – as it happened". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  26. ↑ Sengupta, Kim (23 July 2016). "Munich shooting: Gunman Ali David Sonboly was 'obsessed' with mass killings, say police". The Independent. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  27. ↑ Shoichet, Catherine E.; Ellis, Ralph; Hanna, Jason (22 July 2016). "Munich shooting: 9 victims, gunman dead, police say". CNN. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  28. ↑ "Betrieb bei U-Bahn, Bus und Tram eingestellt!" [Operation at metro, bus and tram stopped!]. MVG (in German). 15 December 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  29. ↑ "Aktuelle Betriebslage" [Current traffic conditions]. S-bahn-muenchen.de (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  30. ↑ "1278. Terrorverdacht in München" [Terror warning in Munich]. Polizei Bayern (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  31. ↑ "Bahn stellt nach Anschlag in München Übernachtungszüge bereit" [Bahn to provide hotel trains in Munich]. Bild (in German). 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 Osborne, Samuel (23 July 2016). "Munich shooting: Ali David Sonboly identified as gunman behind shopping centre attack". The Independent. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  33. ↑ "Polizei aktualisiert Verletztenzahlen" [Police update injured figures] (in German). n-tv. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  34. ↑ Rothwell, James; Heighton, Luke (23 July 2016). "Who are the victims of the Munich shopping mall shooting?". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  35. ↑ "Foreign Ministry announcement on the death of a Greek citizen in yesterday's attack in Munich". Hellenic Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  36. ↑ "Magyar állampolgárságú fiú az egyik áldozat" [Hungarian citizenship son of one of the victims]. Kormányzat (in Hungarian). 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  37. 1 2 3 Johnston, Chris (23 July 2016). "Who were the Munich shooting victims? Eight of nine dead under 20 years old". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  38. 1 2 Hurriyet. "Münih katliamındaki Türk kahraman". Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  39. ↑ "Zentralrat Deutscher Sinti und Roma trauert um die Opfer des Münchner Anschlags – Drei Angehörige von Sinti und Roma unter den Opfern" [Central Council of German Sinti and Roma mourns the victims of the Munich attack - Three members of the Sinti and Roma among the victims]. Zentralrat (in German). 28 July 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  40. ↑ "Lo sportivo e il piccolo eroe, chi erano le vittime di Monaco" [The sportsman and the little hero, who were the victims of Monaco]. AGI. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 "Munich shooting: David Sonboly 'planned attack for year'". BBC Sport. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  42. ↑ "Ali S. hatte eigenes Manifest verfasst" [Ali S. had written own manifesto]. Die Zeit. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  43. ↑ Alexander, Harriet; Henderson, Barney; Palazzo, Chiara; Heighton, Luke; Rothwell, James; Weise, Zia; Turner, Camilla; Huggler, Justin (23 July 2016). "Munich shooting: Teenage killer Ali Sonboly 'inspired by far-right terrorist Anders Breivik' and 'used Facebook offer of free McDonald's food to lure victims'". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  44. ↑ "Freund (16) des Amokläufers aus U-Haft entlassen!" [Friend (16) of the gunman released from custody!]. Abendzeitung (in German). 25 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  45. ↑ Bult, Laura (23 July 2016). "Teen Munich shooter who killed nine and wounded 27 others was 'obsessed' with mass shootings, hacked Facebook account to lure young victims". Daily News. New York. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  46. 1 2 3 Bender, Ruth; Alessi, Christopher (24 July 2016). "Munich Shooter Likely Bought Reactivated Pistol on Dark Net". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  47. ↑ "München: Amokschütze plante die Tat seit einem Jahr" [Munich: gunman planned action for a year]. Der Spiegel (in German). 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  48. ↑ "LKA: David S. hat Amoklauf seit einem Jahr geplant" [LKA: David S. planned rampage for a year]. Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  49. ↑ Polizeipräsidium München (24 July 2016). "Festnahme eines 16 jährigen Afghanen im erweiterten Zusammenhang mit dem Amoklauf – Laim..." [Arrest 16 Year Afghans in the extended connection with the rampage – Laim...] (in German). Facebook. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  50. ↑ "Amokläufer soll Rechtsextremist gewesen sein" [Gunman is said to be right-wing extremist]. Zeit Online (in German). 27 July 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  51. ↑ "<علی سنبلی، <روانی> یا <راست افراطی" [Ali Sonboly, <irrational> or <extreme right>]. iran-newspaper.com (in Persian). 24 July 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  52. ↑ "Munich Attack: 18-Year-Old German-Iranian Dual Citizen Kills 9 at McDonald's, Mall". Breitbart. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
  53. ↑ "Was über den Schützen bekannt ist" [What is known about the shooter]. Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  54. ↑ "Munich shooting: Gunman acted alone, say police". BBC News. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  55. ↑ "Who Was The Teen Munich Killer?". Sky News. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  56. ↑ Poltz, Joern; Strohecker, Karin (23 July 2016). "Munich gunman fixated on mass killing, had no Islamist ties". Reuters. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  57. ↑ Jenzer, Stéphanie; Marjanovic, Petar (22 July 2016). "Münchner Amok lockte seine Opfer per Facebook zum McDonald's" [Munich Amok lured his victims via Facebook for McDonald's] (in German). Blick. Archived from the original on 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  58. ↑ Phoenix (23 July 2016). "Anschlag in München: Pressekonferenz von Polizei und Staatsanwaltschaft am 23.07.2016". YouTube.
  59. 1 2 Callimachi, Rukmini; Eddy, Melissa (24 July 2016). "Munich Killer Was Troubled, but Had No Terrorist Ties, Germany Says". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  60. ↑ Schmidt, Janek (23 July 2016). "'He seemed like a lazy guy': locals describe Munich shooter Ali Sonboly". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  61. ↑ "Man armed with machete kills woman in Germany". Deutsche Well. Retrieved 24 July 2016. Germany is on edge following a deadly shooting spree in Munich two days ago, and a separate stabbing rampage on a Bavarian train last week. In both cases, attackers were teenagers with Muslim backgrounds.
  62. ↑ Henderson, David (23 July 2016). "Munich gunman lured victims with a fake offer of free McDonald's meals". The National. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  63. ↑ "Munich gunman 'obsessed' with mass killings". Agence France-Presse. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  64. 1 2 "Munich shooting: Teenage killer Ali Sonboly 'inspired by far-right terrorist Anders Breivik' and 'used Facebook offer of free McDonald's food to lure victims'". The Daily Telegraph. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  65. ↑ Watkinson, William (23 July 2016). "Teenage Munich gunman yelled 'I was bullied for 7 years' after opening fire in a McDonald's". The International Business Times. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  66. ↑ Agerholm, Harriet (24 July 2016). "The chilling words Munich gunman Ali Sonboly told his classmates before killing 9 people". The Independent. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  67. 1 2 Schmidt, Janek; Connolly, Kate; Graham-Harrison, Emma (23 July 2016). "Munich killer was bullied teenage loner who had obsession with mass murder". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  68. ↑ "Amoklauf in München – Waffe aus dem Darknet" [Rampage in Munich – weapon from the darknet]. Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  69. ↑ "The mass shooter of Munich carried out his act with the help of his father's shooting lesson". Focus (in German). 5 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  70. ↑ "Amokläufer David S.: Einsam, krank und fest entschlossen" [Gunman David S.: decided lonely, sick and laid]. Der Spiegel (in German). 24 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  71. ↑ Hell, Peter; Lutteroth, Jule; Neumann, Conny (24 July 2016). "Münchner Amokläufer David S.: Er nannte sich Hass" [Munich spree killer David S.: He identified as 'Hate']. Der Spiegel (in German). Retrieved 27 July 2016.
  72. ↑ "Munich gunman was far-right racist: media reports". The Local. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  73. ↑ Connolly, Kate (27 July 2016). "Munich gunman saw sharing Hitler's birthday as 'special honour'". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  74. ↑ "German Police Ask For Photos, Video of Munich Shooting". Sputnik News. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  75. ↑ "Wir leiden mit Ihnen" [We suffer with you]. Die Zeit (in German). 23 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  76. ↑ "Wir brauchen einen starken Staat" [We need a strong state]. n-tv.de (in German). 23 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  77. ↑ "Führen Depressionen in den Amoklauf?" [Run depression in the rampage?]. Frankfurter Allgemeine (in German). 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  78. ↑ "Pure reason. How Germans handle terror. In the face of a rash of attacks, Germans are staying remarkably calm.". The Economist. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  79. ↑ Chan, Rosalie (22 July 2016). "8 Dead in Munich Shooting". Time. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  80. ↑ "Obama pledges support to Germany in wake of Munich shooting". The Jerusalem Post. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  81. ↑ McCaskell, Nolan D. (22 July 2016). "White House condemns 'apparent terrorist attack' in Munich". Politico. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  82. ↑ "Německo: střelba v Mnichově 22.7.2016 – aktualizace" [Germany: Shooting in Munich 22 July 2016 – Update] (in Czech). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  83. ↑ "Iran Condemns Munich Shooting Attack". Tasnim News. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  84. ↑ "Iran condemns Munich mall attack by Iranian-German youth". The Times of Israel. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.

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