2015 Malay Dignity rally

The Malay Dignity rally (Malay: Himpunan Maruah Melayu) was a rally that took place on 16 September 2015 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.^[3] The rally was organised by National Silat Federation (Malay: Persatuan Silat Kebangsaan, PESAKA), a silat Melayu federation of Malaysia. The rally aimed to counter the Bersih 4 rally and to show support for the incumbent Prime Minister of Malaysia, Najib Razak and his government. 16 September is the day of Malaysia's establishment. The rally organiser, also an UMNO Supreme Council member, Annuar Musa admitted that the rally was racist in nature and participants were paid to take part in the rally. ^[4][5][6]An opposition media claimed that some of the participants who were ferried into Kuala Lumpur by buses from various parts of the country revealed they were clueless about the purpose of the rally, saying they were given the red T-shirts.^[7]Another opposition media claimed that an independent polling centre found that only 24% of Malays supported the rally, while 53% opposed it.^[8]

Background

In 2015, two years after general elections in Malaysia, Malaysia was faced with multiple issues and controversies which threatened the premiership of Najib Razak. Ringgit Malaysia, the nation's currency, fell to a 17-year low due to falling oil prices.^[9] There was a corruption scandal involving a government super fund called 1Malaysia Development Berhad and a series of exposes by online investigative blogs, namely Sarawak Report and major news portal Wall Street Journal, claiming that money was being siphoned off from the fund into personal accounts of Najib and his close relations. Suspicion was heightened by the removal of Abdul Gani Patail, the Attorney General of Malaysia who was part of the task force investigating the 1MDB scandal,^[10] and reshuffling of second Najib cabinet which involved the dropping of his deputy Muhyiddin Yassin and four other ministers.^[11] The Public Accounts Committee investigating the 1MDB scandal was also suspended indefinitely with the promotion of four of its members to Deputy Ministers by Najib.^[12]

The subsequent events led Bersih, a non-governmental organisation (NGO) which promotes electoral reform, to hold a "Bersih rally" in August 2015, called Bersih 4. Frustrated with these rallies which it regarded as undermining the capability of Najib Razak to lead the nation, the President of PESAKA, Tan Sri Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam organised the United People's rally.^[13]

Himpunan Maruah Melayu

Himpunan Maruah Melayu (more popularly known as the 'Red Shirts') was a rally aiming to defend the special rights of the Malays. It was led by the president of Malay NGOs' coalition, Dato Jamal Yunos. Its members represented 250 Malay NGOs.^[14] It proposed to assemble at five locations (initially seven, which included the Chinese-majority Low Yat Plaza) before joining the United People's Rally at Padang Merbok.^[15] The organisers of the United People's Rally, however, did not recognise nor acknowledge the presence of Himpunan Maruah Melayu.^[16]

Objective

Malay Dignity rally has outlined eight main objectives:

1. To act as a strong deterrent to those who insult Malay leaders, and to safeguard the status of Islam in the Federal Constitution;
2. To rally Malays in a show of solidarity, in view of core tenets enshrined in the Constitution including social justice;
3. To demand that the Government take stern action against those who betray the nation by perpetrating lies and putting the credibility of the Government into question, in an attempt to bring down a democratically-elected administration;
4. To demand that the Government implement a singular and unified national school system with no compromise, as a means of showing Malay dominance;
5. To demand that the Government implement policies that are guaranteed in the Constitution, specifically related to special Malays' rights and Bumiputera privileges;
6. To call on the Government to reinstate the Internal Security Act (ISA) as part of efforts to ensure the safety and security of the nation;
7. To instill patriotism and love for country in the rakyat, in line with strengthening national unity;
8. To ensure that gatherings like Bersih 4 rally will not re-occur in the future.

Rally plans and pre-rally incidents

Masjid Negara, one of the assembly point of the rally.

Participants were to convene at 11am Wednesday at Bukit Bintang and march to Padang Merbok at 3pm. There were three rally check points: Masjid Negara, Masjid Al Bukhary on Jalan Hang Tuah, and Kompleks Kraf on Jalan Conlay.

On Monday, 14 Sep, KL Mayor Mhd Amin Nordin Abdul Aziz confirmed that KL City Hall had approved the permit application submitted by PESAKA on 8 Sep to use Padang Merbok as the rally venue.

Inspector-General of Police Tan Sri Khalid Abu Bakar also declared the gathering as legal under the Peaceful Assembly Act 2012. He said the police would deploy enough manpower to help secure the safety and security of everyone in Kuala Lumpur.^[17]

In the run-up to the “red shirt” rally, Kota Bharu UMNO division chief Mohd Fatmi Che Salleh made a speech and led a group of UMNO members as they burned effigies of DAP parliamentary leader Lim Kit Siang and of DAP secretary-general Lim Guan Eng.

It was earlier reported that 773 hawkers and 500 shop owners in Petaling Street had decided to suspend operations on 16 Sep as a precaution, to avoid anything untoward.^[18] while Otai Reformasi have pledged to send 500 members to monitor the rally.^[19]

10,000 masks were distributed for rally goers due to worsening haze conditions.^[20] 3,000 PESAKA members^[21] and 20,000 members of Armed Forces Veterans Associations were deployed to ensure safety at Padang Merbok.^[22]

Rally incidents

Incidents of violence were seen involving protesters and police personnel, after the rally participants tried to force their way into Petaling Street or Chinatown.^[23] A couple of red shirted protestors and police personnel were injured after the protestors refused to disperse and tried to break through the police barricades.^[24] The police Federal Reserve Unit began using water cannons to disperse the protesters, after the red shirts began throwing rocks and water bottles at them.^[25]

Aftermath

Abdul Rahman Dahlan declared the rally as a success.^[26] Jamal Md Yunos alleged that provocation from DAP and pro-opposition members caused the incidents in Petaling Street.^[27]

Political parties from both sides of the political spectrum such as Democratic Action Party, Malaysian Chinese Association and Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia filed police reports regarding racial statements by the organisers.^[28][29] Prime Minister Najib called for an investigation regarding the clashes between the police and protesters.^[30]

References

Protests in Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur	1946–47 anti-Malayan Union protests 1947 All-Malaya Hartal 1967 Keranda 152 rally 1969 Malaysian students pre-election demonstrations 13 May 1969 riots 1969 PMUM Anti-Tunku demonstrations 1970 PMUM vs PBMUM Papan Tanda demonstrations 1971 Malaysian constitutional crisis 1983 Malaysian constitutional crisis 1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis 1993 Malaysian constitutional crisis 1998–2000s Reformasi demonstrations 2001 Kampung Medan riots 2007 BERSIH 1.0 rally 2007 HINDRAF rally 2008 Black 14 rally 2008 Malaysian fuel hike protests 2009 Keranda 152 rally 2009 anti-ISA rally 2009 anti-Menteri Besar Terengganu rally 2011 anti-Peaceful Assembly Act rally 2011 BERSIH 2.0 rally Occupy Dataran 2012 Free Anwar 901 rally 2012 BERSIH 3.0 rally 2012 anti-Lynas rally 2013 anti-Jamalul Kiram III infiltration protests 2013 KL 112, People’s Uprising rally 2013 Blackout 505 rallies 2013 Ops Turun, anti-price hike rally 2014 Red Pencil protest 2014 May Day anti-GST rally 2015 Rakyat Hakim Negara rally 2015 Kita Lawan, May Day anti-GST rally 2015 #TangkapNajib rally 2015 Low Yat Plaza riot 2015 BERSIH 4.0 rally 2015 United People's rally 2015 Shutdown Sungai Besi rally 2016 anti-TPPA rally 2016 Keranda 152 rally 2016 Muafakat Selamatkan Malaysia rally 2016 Hancur GST, Undur Najib, Undur Rosmah, Bebas Anwar, Hidup Rakyat rally 2016 BERSIH 5.0 rally
Other	1946–50 anti-cession movement of Sarawak 1963 anti-Indonesia infiltration demonstrations 1964 race riots in Singapore 1966 Sarawak constitutional crisis 1967 Teluk Gong demonstrations 1967 Penang Hartal riot 1974 Baling demonstrations 1974 Tasek Utara, Johor demonstrations 1977 Kelantan riots 1985 Memali riots 1986 Sabah riots 1993 Sultan of Kelantan demonstrations 1998 Kampung Rawa riots 2009 Perak constitutional crisis 2009 1BLACKMalaysia protests 2009 cow's head protests 2009 anti-PPSMI rally 2010 Water for People rally 2011 Gathering of a Million Faithful 2012 Orange rally 2012 Green Rally to Putrajaya 2012 People's Lands rally 2015 Taman Medan anti-cross protest 2015 Sarawak for Sarawakians rally 2015 Penang villagers protests
Student activism in Malaysia · The Big Durian (2003 film) · Sepuluh Tahun Sebelum Merdeka (2007 film) · Malaysian Gods (2009 film) · Tanda Putera (2013 film)