540th Combat Crew Training Wing

16th Bombardment Wing

Emblem of the 16th Bombardment Wing
Active 1940–1946
Country  United States
Branch United States Army Air Forces
Type Bombardment Training
Role Command
Engagements American Theater of World War II

The 540th Combat Crew Replacement Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last active in 1946 at Colorado Springs, assigned to Continental Air Forces.

History

Prewar

The 16th Bombardment Wing was first activated at Langley Field, Virginia in 1940 as part of the expansion of the Air Corps expansion in response to the war in Europe (Woodring Plan). It moved to Bowman Field, Kentucky in the spring of 1941. However, it apparently it did not have sufficient personnel for effective training and operations. It was inactivated in September 1941[1] and its personnel and equipment and mission transferred to the 5th Air Support Command.

Phase Training Unit

The wing was again activated on 23 June 1942 at Wendover Field, Utah replacing the inactivating 102nd Bombardment Wing (Provisional).[2] The 16th Wing was responsible for the supervision and control of the operational training of heavy bombardment groups (Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and Consolidated B-24 Liberator)[1] during the second phase of their operational training. The 16th Wing inherited control from the 102nd Wing of Walla Walla Army Air Field, Ephrata Army Air Field and Geiger Field in Washington; Muroc Army Air Field in California as well as Wendover.[3] The 16th Wing controlled the training of the following units, which on completion moved to the 17th Bombardment Wing for third phase training.

Jul 1942: 91st Bombardment Group, 303rd Bombardment Group, 305th Bombardment Group and 306th Bombardment Group.
Aug 1942: 96th Bombardment Group.
Aug-Sep 1942: 307th Bombardment Group and 302nd Bombardment Group.
Sep-Oct 1942: 88th Bombardment Group and 95th Bombardment Group.
Oct 1942: 2nd Bombardment Group, 99th Bombardment Group, 100th Bombardment Group, 304th Bombardment Group and 308th Bombardment Group.

Two groups, the 330th Bombardment Group at Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico and the 331st Bombardment Group at Casper Army Air Field, Wyoming provided second phase training to Replacement Combat Crews.[4]

Operational Training Unit

On 2 November 1942, the Second Air Force reorganized its bombardment training. From that date its wings controlled new bombardment groups from its activation until completion of operational training. The wing also assumed responsibility for training replacement combat crews. With this reorganization the 16th Bombardment Training Wing now controlled Operational Training Units (OTUs) at Clovis Army Air Field, New Mexico, Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona; Kearney Army Air Field, Nebraska and Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico. It also was assigned Replacement Control Centers (RCCs) at Pueblo Army Air Field, Colorado and Biggs Field, Texas.[5] It was assigned the following OTU groups to conduct training:

39th Bombardment Group at Davis-Monthan Field, Tucson, Arizona: parent group, First Phase OTU.
302nd Bombardment Group at Pueblo AAB, Colorado: parent group, First Phase Training RCC.
330th Bombardment Group at Alamogordo AAFld, New Mexico: Second Phase OTU.
330th Bombardment Group at Biggs Field, El Paso, Texas: Second Phase RCC.
333d Bombardment Group at Topeka AAF, Kansas: Third Phase Training RCC.

In May 1945 the wing mission changed to very heavy bombardment group training (Boeing B-29 Superfortress), which lasted until operations ceased in late 1945.[1] It moved to Colorado Springs, Colorado, where it was a paper unit until inactivating in 1946.

Lineage

Activated on 18 December 1940
Inactivated on 1 September 1941
Redesignated 16th Bombardment Training Wing in January 1943
Redesignated 16th Bombardment Operational Training Wing in April 1943
Redesignated 16th Bombardment Operational Training Wing, Very Heavy in May 1945

Assignments

Stations

Components

Commanders

Campaigns


References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. p. 385. ISBN 0-912799-02-1.
  2. ↑ The 102nd Bombardment Wing (Provisional) was activated on 5 June 1942 History of the 16th Bombardment Operational Training Wing, 5 June to 31 December 1942, United States Air Force Microfilm #B0917, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama, , p. 1, .
  3. ↑ History of the 16th Bombardment Operational Training Wing, p. 4.
  4. ↑ History of the Second Air Force, December 7, 1941 to December 31, 1942, United States Air Force Microfilm #A4091, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama, p. 245
  5. ↑ History of the Second Air Force, p. 246
  6. ↑ Department of the Air Force/MPM Letter 648q, 31 July 1985, Subject: Reconstitution, Redesignation, and Consolidation of Selected Air Force Organizations

Bibliography

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

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